Observatorio para el monitoreo de variables físicas y fisiológicas en niños y adolescentes en edad escolar

Las tablas de referencia con las que se trabaja actualmente en el país, para determinar las variables antropométricas y fisiológicas, son referentes internacionales. Se pretende construir las tablas de referencia departamentales para conocer el biotipo del escolar risaraldense y hacer un seguimiento de crecimiento y desarrollo de manera longitudinal a través de una plataforma web, y obtener información permanentemente actualizada que apoye la toma de decisiones gubernamentales, con la posibilidad de implantar la herramienta en otros departamentos.The reference tables with those currently working in the country, to determine the anthropometric and physiological variables are international relations. It is intended to build the tables to know the reference department of the school biotype Risaralda and monitor growth and development of longitudinal manner through a web platform, and updated information to support government decision-making, with the possibility of implement the tool in other department

Instruments to Assess Physical Activity in Primary Education Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review

The scientific evidence supports that physical inactivity in childhood is a reality throughout the world which generates important consequences in the global development of children. Young people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), due to the characteristics of the disorder they suffer, constitute a group at risk. Therefore, assessing the levels of physical activity (PA) in this group is fundamental for subsequent decision making and implementation of PA promotion programmes. Consequently, the aim of this systematic review was to identify, summarise and analyse the main instruments used to assess the levels of PA (in terms of time and/or intensity) in primary school children diagnosed with ASD. Scientific articles in English and Spanish published in five databases were reviewed: PsycINFO, WOS, SPORTDiscus, Scopus and PubMed, following the guidelines of the PRISMA statement. Out of the 605 articles identified, 12 met the previously established inclusion criteria. The instruments used by the studies analysed were divided into two main groups: accelerometers and questionnaires. Both showed different strengths and limitations but agreed on the low levels registered of PA in children with ASD. For this reason, it is considered necessary that further research be carried out in this field, as well as the development and implementation of sports programmes adjusted and adapted to the needs and characteristics of the ASD groupS

Tumor fusocelular hialinizante con rosetas gigantes. Reporte de un caso

RESUMEN Introducción: El tumor fusocelular hialinizante con rosetas gigantes es una neoplasia constituida por dos componentes histológicos, uno celular con elementos fusiformes, y el segundo representado por islas bien delimitadas casi acelulares, llenas de material hialino, rodeadas de células redondas u ovales, las cuales muestran un perfil inmunohistoquímico inusual, e histogénesis incierta.Objetivo: Instruir a los patólogos y clínicos sobre este tumor, su forma de presentación y diagnósticos diferenciales.Metodología y resultados: Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 42 años con masa ubicada en región inguinal, de crecimiento progresivo (1 año), que se reseca quirúrgicamente anatomía patológica informó un tumor fusocelular hialinizante con rosetas gigantes, según hallazgos morfológicos e inmuno histoquímicos, en correlación con su localización y cuadro clínico.Conclusión: Se hace necesario ampliar el conocimiento sobre esta entidad y de esta forma obtener una adecuada evaluación de sus criterios pronósticos histológicos, comportamiento clínico y tratamiento. Salud UIS 2010; 42:     Palabras clave: Tumor fusocelular hialinizante con rosetas gigantes, fibrosarcoma, sarcoma fibromixoide de bajo grado, inmunohistoquímica   ABSTRACT Introduction: The hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes is a neoplasia characterized by both histologic components, one of which is cellular, with spindle-shaped elements and the second represented by well defined almost acellular islands filled with hyaline material surrounded by round to oval cells, which shows an unusual immunohistochemical profile and uncertain histogenesis.Objective: Educate pathologists and clinicians about this tumor, its presentation and differential diagnosis.Methods and results: A case of a 42 year old woman with a mass located in the inguinal region, with progressive growth (1 year), surgically resected and histopathology reported as Hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes according to morphological, immunohistochemical findings correlates with its location and clinical.Conclusion: It is necessary to expand awareness about this condition and thus obtain a proper assessment of histological prognostic criteria, clinical behavior and treatment. Salud UIS 2010; 42:   Keywords: Hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes, grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, Immunohistochemistr

Tumor fusocelular hialinizante con rosetas gigantes. Reporte de un caso

RESUMEN Introducción: El tumor fusocelular hialinizante con rosetas gigantes es una neoplasia constituida por dos componentes histológicos, uno celular con elementos fusiformes, y el segundo representado por islas bien delimitadas casi acelulares, llenas de material hialino, rodeadas de células redondas u ovales, las cuales muestran un perfil inmunohistoquímico inusual, e histogénesis incierta.Objetivo: Instruir a los patólogos y clínicos sobre este tumor, su forma de presentación y diagnósticos diferenciales.Metodología y resultados: Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 42 años con masa ubicada en región inguinal, de crecimiento progresivo (1 año), que se reseca quirúrgicamente anatomía patológica informó un tumor fusocelular hialinizante con rosetas gigantes, según hallazgos morfológicos e inmuno histoquímicos, en correlación con su localización y cuadro clínico.Conclusión: Se hace necesario ampliar el conocimiento sobre esta entidad y de esta forma obtener una adecuada evaluación de sus criterios pronósticos histológicos, comportamiento clínico y tratamiento. Salud UIS 2010; 42:     Palabras clave: Tumor fusocelular hialinizante con rosetas gigantes, fibrosarcoma, sarcoma fibromixoide de bajo grado, inmunohistoquímica   ABSTRACT Introduction: The hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes is a neoplasia characterized by both histologic components, one of which is cellular, with spindle-shaped elements and the second represented by well defined almost acellular islands filled with hyaline material surrounded by round to oval cells, which shows an unusual immunohistochemical profile and uncertain histogenesis.Objective: Educate pathologists and clinicians about this tumor, its presentation and differential diagnosis.Methods and results: A case of a 42 year old woman with a mass located in the inguinal region, with progressive growth (1 year), surgically resected and histopathology reported as Hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes according to morphological, immunohistochemical findings correlates with its location and clinical.Conclusion: It is necessary to expand awareness about this condition and thus obtain a proper assessment of histological prognostic criteria, clinical behavior and treatment. Salud UIS 2010; 42:   Keywords: Hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes, grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, Immunohistochemistr

OnfD, an AraC-Type Transcriptional Regulator Encoded by Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 and Involved in Nod Factor Synthesis and Symbiosis

Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 is a broad-host-range rhizobial strain that establishes symbiotic interactions with legumes and tolerates different environmental stresses such as heat, acidity, or salinity. This rhizobial strain produces a wide variety of symbiotically active nodulation factors (NF) induced not only by the presence of plant-released flavonoids but also under osmotic stress conditions through the LysR-type transcriptional regulators NodD1 (flavonoids) and NodD2 (osmotic stress). However, the activation of NodD2 under high-osmotic-stress conditions remains elusive. Here, we have studied the role of a new AraC-type regulator (named as OnfD) in the symbiotic interaction of R. tropici CIAT 899 with Phaseolus vulgaris and Lotus plants. We determined that OnfD is required under salt stress conditions for the transcriptional activation of the nodulation genes and therefore the synthesis and export of NF, which are required for a successful symbiosis with P. vulgaris. Moreover, using bacterial two-hybrid analysis, we demonstrated that the OnfD and NodD2 proteins form homodimers and OnfD/NodD2 form heterodimers, which could be involved in the production of NF in the presence of osmotic stress conditions since both regulators are required for NF synthesis in the presence of salt. A structural model of OnfD is presented and discussed. IMPORTANCE The synthesis and export of rhizobial NF are mediated by a conserved group of LysR-type regulators, the NodD proteins. Here, we have demonstrated that a non-LysR-type regulator, an AraC-type protein, is required for the transcriptional activation of symbiotic genes and for the synthesis of symbiotically active NF under salt stress conditions.España Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (project AGL2016-77163-R

The Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 NodD2 protein promotes symbiosis and extends rhizobial nodulation range by constitutive nodulation factor synthesis

In the symbiotic associations between rhizobia and legumes, the NodD regulators orchestrate the transcription of the specifc nodulation genes. This set of genes is involved in the synthesis of nodulation factors, which are responsible for initiating the nodulation process. Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 is the most successful symbiont of Phaseolus vulgaris and can nodulate a variety of legumes. Among the fve NodD regulators present in this rhizobium, only NodD1 and NodD2 seem to have a role in the symbiotic process. However, the individual role of each NodD in the absence of the other proteins has remained elusive. In this work, we show that the CIAT 899 NodD2 does not require activation by inducers to promote the synthesis of nodulation factors. A CIAT 899 strain overexpressing nodD2, but lacking all additional nodD genes, can nodulate three different legumes as effciently as the wild type. Interestingly, CIAT 899 NodD2- mediated gain of nodulation can be extended to another rhizobial species, since its overproduction in Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 not only increases the number of nitrogen-fxing nodules in two host legumes but also results in nodule development in incompatible legumes. These fndings potentially open exciting opportunities to develop rhizobial inoculants and increase legume crop production.Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 AGL2016-77163-R and PID2019- 107634RB-I00Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad FPU18/0624

Uso de museos y exposiciones de Madrid para el estudio del cambio social. Una propuesta de mejora en las prácticas docentes de los estudios de comunicación

Este proyecto de innovación docente se propone alinear las necesidades docentes de la enseñanza del Cambio Social, la necesaria formación en contenidos audiovisuales y la disposición de los museos y exposiciones de abrirse a público joven y convertirse en espacios formativos y de reflexión sobre el cambio social. Es clara la necesidad de las profesiones comunicativas de encontrar nichos de empleo

The association between homocysteine-methionine and folate metabolism and pregnancy complicated by idiopathic intrauterine growth restriction - Preliminary data

Objetivo: el objetivo general de esta investigación es hacer una aproximación para evaluar la asociación entre alteración del metabolismo de la homocisteí-na-metionina y folato en embarazos complicados con restricción de crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU) idiopático, a través del estudio de los niveles de ho-mocisteína pre y posparto, vitamina B12 y folato, así como las frecuencias alélicas y genotípicas de los polimorfismos genéticos de enzimas que participan en la vía metabólica de la homocisteína-metionina y folato en gestantes con embarazos complicados con RCIU idiopático y en condiciones fisiológicas en embarazo normal.Materiales y métodos: estudio piloto observacio-nal analítico de tipo casos y controles. Se estudia-ron 8 gestantes con embarazos con restricción de crecimiento intrauterino idiopático y 21 gestantes control con embarazos sin complicaciones y recién nacido sano. Se analizaron las concentraciones de folato, vitamina B12 y homocisteína en el tercer trimestre de embarazo, así como los niveles de homocisteína posparto. Se determinaron los ge-notipos de las gestantes para los polimorfismos MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, MTRR A66G, CBS 844ins68, CBS VNTR31pb, CBS C699T y CBS C1080T por medio de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) y polimorfismos de longitud de los fragmentos de restricción (RFLP). Resultados: los polimorfismos MTHFR C677T y el genotipo 18/18 del polimorfismo CBS VNTR-31pb, de manera independiente y en coexistencia, se asociaron a niveles bajos de folato. Igualmente, el genotipo 18/18 del polimorfismo CBS VNTR-31pb, solo y cuando coexistía con el polimorfismo MTHFR C677T, se asoció con RCIU idiopático. Conclusiones: el metabolismo de la homocisteína-metionina y folato es importante para el crecimiento y desarrollo del embrión-feto. El compromiso de estas rutas metabólicas se asocia a complicaciones del embarazo como RCIU idiopático. Los resulta-dos preliminares de este estudio deben incentivar el estudio del metabolismo de la homocisteína-metionina y folato en complicaciones del embarazo como la RCIU, así como en condiciones fisiológicas en el embarazo normal en nuestra población.Q3334-345Objective:This work was aimed at evaluating the association between homocysteine-metionine and folate metabolism alteration and pregnancies complicated by idiopathic intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR). This was done by studying pre- and post-partum homocysteine, vitamin B12and folate levels, as well as allele and genotype frequency for genetic polymorphisms from enzymes participating in the homocysteine-methionine and folate metabolic route in pregnant women having pregnancies complicated by idiopathic IUGR and physiological conditions during normal pregnancy.Materials and methods: This was an analytical observational (cases and controls) pilot study. Eight pregnant women suffering IUGR were studied, as well as 21 pregnant women as control whose pregnancy had no complications and healthy newborn. Folate, vitamin and B12 homocysteine concentrations as well as postpartum homocysteine levels were analyzed during the third trimester of pregnancy. The pregnant women’s genotypes were determined formethylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T, MTHFR A1298C, methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) A66G, cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) 844ins68, CBS 31pb VNTR, CBS C699T and CBS C1080T polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).Results:MTHFR C677T polymorphisms and the CBS 31bp VNTR 18/18 genotype (independently and in coexistence) were associated with low folate levels. The CBS 31bp VNTR 18/18 genotype alone and when coexisting with MTHFR C677T was associated with idiopathic IUGR.Conclusions:Homocysteine-methionine and folate metabolism is important for embryo-fetus growth and development. Compromise of these metabolic routes is associated with pregnancy complications such as idiopathic IUGR. This study’s preliminary results should encourage studying homocysteine-methionine and folate metabolism in complications regarding pregnancy such as IUGR and in physiological conditions during normal pregnancy in our population

The nodD1 Gene of Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 Restores Nodulation Capacity on Bean in a Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 nodD1/nodD2 Mutant, but the Secondary Symbiotic Regulators nolR, nodD2 or syrM Prevent HH103 to Nodulate with This Legume

Rhizobial NodD proteins and appropriate flavonoids induce rhizobial nodulation gene expression. In this study, we show that the nodD1 gene of Sinorhizobium fredii HH103, but not the nodD2 gene, can restore the nodulation capacity of a double nodD1/nodD2 mutant of Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 in bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris). S. fredii HH103 only induces pseudonodules in beans. We have also studied whether the mutation of different symbiotic regulatory genes may affect the symbiotic interaction of HH103 with beans: ttsI (the positive regulator of the symbiotic type 3 protein secretion system), and nodD2, nolR and syrM (all of them controlling the level of Nod factor production). Inactivation of either nodD2, nolR or syrM, but not that of ttsI, affected positively the symbiotic behavior of HH103 with beans, leading to the formation of colonized nodules. Acetylene reduction assays showed certain levels of nitrogenase activity that were higher in the case of the nodD2 and nolR mutants. Similar results have been previously obtained by our group with the model legume Lotus japonicus. Hence, the results obtained in the present work confirm that repression of Nod factor production, provided by either NodD2, NolR or SyrM, prevents HH103 to effectively nodulate several putative host plants.España Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y Universidades projects AGL2016-77163-R and PID2019-107634RB-I00España Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y Universidades FPU18/06248

NLRP3 inflammasome activation and symptom burden in KRAS-mutated CMML patients is reverted by IL-1 blocking therapy

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is frequently associated with mutations in the rat sarcoma gene (RAS), leading to worse prognosis. RAS mutations result in active RAS-GTP proteins, favoring myeloid cell proliferation and survival and inducing the NLRP3 inflammasome together with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), which promote caspase-1 activation and interleukin (IL)-1(3 release. Here, we report, in a cohort of CMML patients with mutations in KRAS, a constitutive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in monocytes, evidenced by ASC oligomerization and IL-1(3 release, as well as a specific inflammatory cytokine signature. Treatment of a CMML patient with a KRASG12D mutation using the IL-1 receptor blocker anakinra inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation, reduces monocyte count, and improves the patient's clinical status, enabling a stem cell transplant. This reveals a basal inflammasome activation in RAS-mutated CMML patients and suggests potential therapeutic applications of NLRP3 and IL-1 blockers