Structural breaks, financial globalization, and financial development: Evidence from Turkey

Purpose ? Mishkin's hypothesis suggests that globalization appears to be a vital factor in stimulating the development of the financial system. The study examines this hypothesis for the Turkish economy from 1970 to 2017. It focuses on the link between financial globalization and financial development by integrating economic growth, inflation, and natural resource rent as additional determinants into the financial development specification. Methods ? The Ng-Perron and Vogelsang-Perron unit root tests are used to check the stationarity of variables. The cointegration analysis is performed using the Hatemi-J and ARDL bounds testing procedures.Findings ? The main empirical results show that the series are cointegrated under structural breaks; in the long run, financial globalization and economic growth increase financial development while inflation and natural resource rent negatively affect financial development. A unidirectional causality exists from financial globalization and economic growth to financial development. At the same time, there is bidirectional causality between inflation and financial development, natural resource rent, and financial development.Implications ? The empirical findings can present important recommendations for policymakers.Originality ? Very few time-series studies include Turkey's economy and structural breaks

Firma Piyasa Değeri İçin Muhasebe ve Ekonomik Verilerin Analizi: Holding Firma Uygulaması

Çalışmada firmaların piyasa değeri ile muhasebe ve makro ekonomik verilerarasındaki ilişki araştırılmaktadır. Bu ilişki tespiti için Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören holdingfirmalar arasından Koç Holding A.Ş., Hacı Ömer Sabancı Holding A.Ş., TAVHavalimanları Holding, Tekfen Holding A.Ş. ve Petkim Petrokimya Holding A.Şseçilmektedir. Holding firmaların 2009Q1-2018Q4 dönem aralığı verileri toplanıpdurağanlıkları belirlenmekte ve sonrasında eş bütünleşme testi yapılmaktadır. Çalışmasonucunda, holding firmaların piyasa değeri ile holdinglerin defter değeri ve net kârı ve hattagayri safi yurtiçi hasıla (GSYİH), faiz oranı, üretim endeksi, döviz kuru ve BİST100 endeksiarasında uzun dönemli ilişki belirlenmektedir. DOLS yöntemi sonuçlarına göre de, holdingfirmaların piyasa değerini defter değeri ve net kâr arttırmaktadır. Ayrıca GSYİH, faiz oranıve BIST100 endeksinin genel olarak holding şirketlerinin piyasa değerini artırdığı, üretimendeksi ve döviz kurlarının düşürdüğü tespit edilmiştir

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

The effect of 2008 global financial crisis on financial ratios in Turkish Banking sector

Yüksek Lisans TeziKüreselleşme olgusu, finans piyasa sınırlarının ortadan kalkmasına neden olarak uluslararası sermaye akışlarını hızlandırmıştır. Bu olgu ülkelere ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel yönden avantajlar sağlarken, finans piyasalarında belirsizliklerin artması gibi dezavantajlarda sağlamıştır. Piyasalardaki belirsizliklerin artması oluşabilecek krizi tetiklemektedir. Bu krizde küresel kriz haline gelip tüm ülkeleri etkilemektedir. Dünyada yaşanan krizlerin en önemlileri 1929 Büyük buhran ve 2008 Küresel krizdir. Son dönemde yaşanan 2008 küresel kriz dünyadaki finans sektörünü olumsuz yönde etkilemiştir. Bu finansal kriz yüzünden bazı finansal kuruluşlar batmış, bazıları satılmış ya da el konulmuş, bazıları ise birleşmeye zorlanmıştır. Dünya ekonomisinde finans sektörünün en büyük kısmını bankacılık sektörü oluşturmaktadır. Bankacılık sektörü, fonların kesintisiz ve etkin biçimde akmasını sağlayan ekonomide önemli bir faktördür. Bundan dolayı bankacılık sektöründeki herhangi bir gelişme veya başarısızlık ekonomiyi doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu yüzden 2008' de yaşanan küresel krizden etkilenen bankacılık sektörü tüm ekonomiyi de etkilemiştir. Türk Bankacılık sektörü ise önceden yaşamış olduğu krizlerden sonra mali yapısını güçlendirmiş ve 2008 küresel krizinden, gelişmiş ve diğer gelişmekte olan ülkeler kadar etkilenmemiştir. Bu çalışmamızda, 2008 küresel kriz öncesi ve sonrasında İMKB' ye üye olan bankaların finansal oranlarının nasıl etkilendiği panel veri analizi yapılarak ortaya konulmuştur.AbstractThe concept of globalisation which causes the elimination of borders in financial market has accelerated international capital flows.While globalisation provides economic, social and cultural advantages for the countries, it also creates some disadvantages as it leads to uncertainties in the financial markets.These incereasing uncertainties in the market trigger the economic crisis.The crisis coming into as a global crisis affects all countries.The most important crises in the world are the Great Recession in 1929 and global financial crisis in 2008.The global financial crisis in 2008 affected the financial sector in the world negatively. Because of this financial recession some financial institutions went bankruptcy,some were sold or taken over and some were obliged to merge. In the world?s financial system banking sector is the greatest part of it. Banking sector is an important factor which provides funds to flow in an uninterrupted and efficient way in the economy.Therefore, any development or failure in the banking sector affects the economy directly.That's why the banking sector which is affected by the global financial crisis in 2008 has also affected the entire economy in the world. Since Turkish banking sector had some financial crises before, it has strengthened its financial structure and it was not affected by the global financial crisis in 2008 as much as developed countries or other developing countries. In this study, using panel data analysis it is presented how the financial ratios of the banks which are the members of Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) were affected before and after the global financial crisis in 2008

An Analysis of Foundation Year: Coursebooks and Materials in Terms of Intercultural Elements

İngilizce uluslararası küresel bir dil olduğu için kültürlerarası iletişim yeterliliğinin önemi ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu durum, yabancı dil öğretimini de etkilemiştir. Dil, ana dilin kültürünü, İngilizcenin konuşulduğu ve diğer kültürleri yansıtmada ana araçlardan biri olmuştur. Bu araştırma, İngilizce öğretiminde kullanılan kitaplarda ve materyallerde hangi kültürün en çok kullanıldığı ve hangi kültürel açıların yer aldığını ortaya çıkarmak için yapılmıştır. Araştırma, ayrıca Gazi Üniversitesi'nin Yabancı Diller Bölümündeki hazırlık hocalarının kültürlerarası anlayış ile ilgili ne düşündüklerini ve bunu başarmak için ne yaptıklarını ortaya çıkarmayı hedeflemiştir. Amacı gerçekleştirmek için araştırmada tasvirsel araştırma modeli kullanılmış ve nitel veriler toplanmıştır. Nitel veriler toplamak için mülakatlar, nicel veriler toplamak için de doküman analizi yapılmıştır. Kitaplar ve materyaller dört kültürel açıdan incelenmiştir: Kişi, ürün, bakış açısı ve pratik. Mülakatlar, hazırlık hocalarının izinleri alınarak kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular göstermiştir ki kitaplar ve materyaller çoğunlukla İngilizce konuşan ülkelerin kültürlerini ele almıştır. Bakış açısı genellikle en çok kullanılan kültürel açı olmuştur. İnanışlar, dünya görüşleri, batıl inançlar ve gelenekler ilgili çok fazla bilgi bulunmamıştır. Diğer ülkelerin iletişim kurarken hangi tabirleri kullandıkları ile ilgili hiç bilgi bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak, kitapların kültürlerarası farkındalığa sınırlı bir katkısı olduğu ve okutmanların bu konuya yer vermeleri için yeterince zamanlarının olmadığı görüşlerine varılmıştır.As English has gained status as an international language, the importance of intercultural communicative competence has increased, which has in turn affected foreign language teaching. In this respect, language has become one of the main tools for reflecting home, English speaking and other cultures. This study has been carried out to reveal which culture among these is used most prominently, as well as which cultural aspects are involved, in the coursebooks and materials employed in language teaching. The study also aimed to determine what the instructors in the Department of Foreign Languages at Gazi University think about intercultural awareness and what they do to promote the development of intercultural awareness in language learners. In doing so, a descriptive research model was employed according to a qualitative research design. Interviews were conducted to collect qualitative data from the instructors, while document analysis was utilized in collecting quantitative data from the teaching materials. Through this process, the coursebooks and other materials were analyzed according to four cultural aspects: person, product, perspective and practice. The interviews were recorded with permission from the instructors. The results indicate that the coursebooks and other materials mainly focus on English speaking cultures. Generally, perspective was the most frequently observed cultural aspect, including information about beliefs, worldviews, superstitions and customs. On the other hand, little cultural information about other countries was found, especially in terms of practice, and no information was found in terms of expressions that speakers in other countries use to communicate. It was concluded that the coursebooks offered a limited contribution to intercultural awareness and that the instructors lacked the time to focus on this issue in their teachin

SAĞLIK ÖRGÜTLERİNDE İNOVASYON

DergiPark: 334130klujfeasObjectives: The aim of this study is to identify the factors which affect innovation and toanalyze adaptation of doctors, nurses, pharmacists, administrative staff andother health care providers who work in health organizations such as publichospital and pharmacies in Tekirdağ-Şarköy to innovation and their attitudes towardsadaptation of innovation. Methods: Data was collected by questionnaire method. Within this perspectivedata gathered via the questionnaire were analyzed through statistical dataanalysis program (SPSS 20) and descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage,mean, standard deviation),chi square test, one-way ANOVA and correlation were conducted.Results: Accordingto results of the study it was revealed that innovation affected attitudes ofhealth care providers positively and there were no changes among health careproviders working different health organizations in terms of their attitudestowards innovation.Amaç: Buçalışmanın amacı, inovasyonu etkileyen faktörler belirlenerek, Tekirdağ –Şarköy ilçesindeki sağlık örgütleri olarak yer alan devlet hastanesi veeczanelerdeki doktorlar, hemşireler, eczacılar, idari kadrolar ve diğer sağlık çalışanlarınıninovasyon sürecine adaptasyonu, bu adaptasyona karşı tutumlarını analiz etmektir.Yöntem:  Anket yöntemi ile veri toplanmıştır.Bu bağlamda anket aracılığıyla elde edilen veriler SPSS 20 veri analiz programıkullanılarak betimsel analiz (sayı, yüzde, ortalama ve standart sapma), ki-karetesti, One-Way ANOVA ve korelasyon testleri ile analiz edilmiştir.Bulgular: Çalışmasonucunda, inovasyonunsağlık örgütü çalışanların tutum ve davranışlarını olumlu yönde etkilediği vefarklı sağlık örgütlerinde çalışanlar arasında inovasyona ilişkin tutum vedavranışlarda farklılık olmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır.

The Effect of COVID-19 on the Stock Market Performance: Empirical Evidence for Turkish Economy

The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and stock market performance under the structural break in case of Turkey for the period from April 10, 2020 to March 19, 2021. Here, the confirmed cases, deaths, tests and recoveries during COVID-19 pandemic were carried out as the COVID-19 pandemic variables. The obtained empirical findings indicated that i) the series were integrated at I(1), ii) the series were cointegrated in the presence of structural break, iii) the confirmed number of cases and deaths reduced the stock market performance, while the confirmed number of tests and recoveries enhanced the performance of the stock market under the structural break, and iv) in the long run the bidirectional causality among the confirmed number of cases, deaths and recoveries with stock market performance and the unidirectional causality running from the confirmed number of tests to stock market performance were found. In brief, the study's empirical results could provide several policy suggestions to governments, policy makers, investors and risk managers to take several precautions that decreased the negative effects of the epidemics on the Turkish stock market performance