"Da per tutto il cielo sembrava di fuoco". Gli strani fenomeni atmosferici del 1821 in Trentino e una misteriosa eruzione

La comprensione delle relazioni tra estesi fenomeni geologici e manifestazioni metereologiche a breve e lungo termine, è una conquista scientifica che può essere fatta risalire solo agli anni settanta del ventunesimo secolo. Nonostante ciò gli effetti diretti o indiretti di eventi geologici particolarmente significativi non sfuggirono agli osservatori del passato ed ebbero spesso ricadute su credenze, folclore, opere artistiche e letterarie. Il presente contributo si basa su testimonianze, manoscritti e notizie registrate negli anni a cavallo tra XVIII e XIX secolo che mettono in evidenza effetti meteorologici anomali verosimilmente connessi ad attività vulcanica intensa. Tra questi, figurano le strane anomalie atmosferiche registrate nel diario meteorologico del fisico roveretano Giuseppe Bonfioli nel 1821, del tutto simili a quelle verificatesi nel 1783 in concomitanza all’eruzione del Laki.Understanding the relationships between extensive geological phenomena and short and longterm meteorological manifestations is a scientific achievement that can only be traced back to the seventies of the twenty-first century. Despite this, the direct or indirect effects of particularly significant geological events did not escape the observers of the past and often had repercussions on beliefs, folklore, artistic and literary works. The present contribution is based on manuscripts and news recorded between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that highlight anomalous meteorological effects likely connected to intense volcanic activity. Among these, the “strange atmospheric anomalies” recorded in the meteorological diary of the physicist Giuseppe Bonfioli in 1821, quite similar to those occurred in 1783 in connection with the eruption of Laki

A REVIEW OF RHYNCHOSAUROIDES TIROLICUS ABEL, 1926 ICHNOSPECIES (MIDDLE TRIASSIC: ANISIAN-LADINIAN) AND SOME INFERENCES ON RHYNCHOSAUROIDES TRACKMAKER

Rynhcosauroides tirolicus (Abel, 1926) is the first ichnite of Triassic tetrapods known from the South-eastern Alps. The recent discovery of new tracks and trackways also permits, for the first time, the documentation of trackway pattern and to calculate the dimensions and possible functional dynamics of the author of this form which appears peculiar to the upper Anisian deposits of the Southern Alps. A tentative palaeontological attribution of Rhynchosauroides tirolicus and other Middle Triassic Rhynchosauroides trackmaker suggest with some confidence, that the morphology of the trackmakers matches the structure of prolacertiform reptiles like Macrocnemus bassanii Nopcsa, 1931 if this latter is reconstructed with a not fully plantigrade manus and pes, but rather with a semi-plantigrade manus and a digitigrade pes.

Simulazione FEM delle operazioni di folding e gonfiaggio di palloncini per angioplastica per il trattamento di occlusioni croniche totali in arterie periferiche

Il presente lavoro si è sviluppato nell’ambito della progettazione e ottimizzazione di un catetere endovascolare, utile al trattamento di occlusioni croniche totali (CTO) nell'arteria superficiale femorale tramite angioplastica subintimale. Per questo si è proceduto allo sviluppo di modelli agli elementi finiti per simulare la fase di gonfiaggio del palloncino, tenendo conto della complessa configurazione iniziale del pallone ripiegato all’interno del catetere sia del posizionamento in sede anatomica. In una prima fase è stato quindi modellato il processo di folding, attraverso il quale un pallone da angioplastica viene ripiegato cosicché possa essere contenuto in un diametro inscritto molto minore rispetto alla sua dimensione originale. In una seconda fase i modelli di palloni così ripiegati sono stati utilizzati come configurazione iniziale per simulazioni di gonfiaggio sia libero sia all'interno di un modello anatomico in presenza o meno di un’occlusione cronica totale (CTO)

Main drivers of the evolution of grazing in the alpine area of Valli del Leno (Trentino, Northern Italy) during the last two centuries: natural resources, labour and investments

In the Alps as in many mountain areas, livestock farming has constituted an important source of income, especially since the Middle Ages. The importance of livestock farming within the Alpine economy has changed over time due to the dynamics of supply and demand combined with evolving environmental, technological and institutional constraints. This paper focuses on the latter aspect and attempts to reconstruct how the relative importance of the production factors of land, labour and capital changed throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in a mountainous area of eastern Trentino. The underlying objective of the investigation is to provide a micro-level empirical basis for hypotheses advanced in the literature regarding the evolution of a crucial sector in the Alpine economy, drawing attention to the long-term role of exogenous and endogenous factors as well as elements of continuity and change. The work is grounded in multiple sources drawn from local archives and official statistics. It demonstrates the flexibility of local communities in managing to sustainably utilize local resources over several periods.En muchas zonas de montaña la ganadería ha constituido, a partir de la Edad Media, una fuente importante de recursos económicos. La trasformación que ha habido del peso relativo de la ganadería en la economía alpina ha sido fruto de una combinación de dinámicas, por un lado concernientes a la demanda, y, por otro, de la oferta, con los cambios introducidos por los vínculos normativos medioambientales, tecnológicos e institucionales de dicha actividad. En nuestro estudio nos centramos en este último aspecto, tratando de reconstruir el cambio que ha tenido lugar en el curso de los siglos xix y xx del peso relativo de los factores de producción tierra, trabajo y capital en una zona montañosa del Trentino oriental. El objetivo principal de nuestra investigación es el de proporcionar una base empírica, en microperspectiva, a las hipótesis avanzadas en la literatura en mérito a la evolución de un sector crucial de la economía alpina, mostrando cuál ha sido a lo largo del tiempo el rol de los factores exógenos y de los endógenos y subrayando elementos de continuidad y factores de transformación

Human footprints from Italy: the state of the art

The ichnological record of human traces from Italy is rich and quite diversified. In recent years, the development and dissemination of various methodologies and technological facilities has implemented the re-analysis of this record, enabling to reach different, sometimes deeper, interpretations favoured by the integration of external data, both geological and palaeontological. The oldest occurrence of the human ichnological record from Italy is represented by the Middle Pleistocene ‘Devil’s Trails’ ichnosite in the “Foresta” area (Roccamonfina volcano, southern Italy), depicting human trackmakers trampling a pyroclastic flow deposit while descending a slope about 349 ka. Most of the record is Holocene in age and is constituted by the Upper Palaeolithic Grotta della Bàsura site (Toirano, northern Italy, about 14 ky), the protohistoric sites of Afragola, Nola and Palma, the area of Pompei and the site of Aosta. The record is enriched by the ichnological evidences preserved in military structures of Trentino region (northern Italy) during the First World War. An updated report and discussion of these sites is here provided.Fil: Avanzini, Marco. Museo Delle Scienze di Trento; ItaliaFil: Citton, Paolo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Sede Alto Valle. Instituto de Investigaciones en Paleobiología y Geología; ArgentinaFil: Mietto, Paolo. Università di Padova; ItaliaFil: Panarello, Adolfo. Università di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale; ItaliaFil: Raia, Pasquale. Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II; ItaliaFil: Romano, Marco. Università di Roma; ItaliaFil: Salvador, Isabella. Museo Delle Scienze di Trento; Itali

Icno-archeology of a human palaeolithic ecosystem: The human and animal footprints in the Grotta Della Basura (Toirano, Northern Italy)

The footprints of human and animal trackmakers, which around 12,000 years B.P. attended the Cave of B\ue1sura (Toirano, Liguria, Northern Italy), were studied through morpho-classificatory and morphometric approaches. First results indicate at least three different human producers, two youths and the third of tender age, bears and wolves (or dogs). Analysis of the data demonstrate the power of 3D, of landmark based morphometrics and the utility to use the methods of forensic anthropology in the determination of human foot-prints. The analysis of the number of trackmakers using the PCA analysis on 'multi-trampling' surfaces could represent a model in the study of cave sites

A high-resolution TDC-based board for a fully digital trigger and data acquisition system in the NA62 experiment at CERN

A Time to Digital Converter (TDC) based system, to be used for most sub-detectors in the high-flux rare-decay experiment NA62 at CERN SPS, was built as part of the NA62 fully digital Trigger and Data AcQuisition system (TDAQ), in which the TDC Board (TDCB) and a general-purpose motherboard (TEL62) will play a fundamental role. While TDCBs, housing four High Performance Time to Digital Converters (HPTDC), measure hit times from sub-detectors, the motherboard processes and stores them in a buffer, produces trigger primitives from different detectors and extracts only data related to the lowest trigger level decision, once this is taken on the basis of the trigger primitives themselves. The features of the TDCB board developed by the Pisa NA62 group are extensively discussed and performance data is presented in order to show its compliance with the experiment requirements.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, presented to IEEE RT 2014 Conference and I want to publish in TN