PENGARUH INOVASI PRODUK, KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA, JARINGAN USAHA DAN KARAKTERISTIK WIRAUSAHA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN UMKM BATIK (Studi pada UMKM Batik diKampung Batik Ngasem DIY)

This study entitled "PROUK EFFECT OF INNOVATION, QUALITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES, BUSINESS NETWORKING, AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT". The purpose of this study was to examine the variables that mempengruhi Batik UMKM development. This research is the development of UMKM dependent variable Batik Kampung Ngasem Yogyakarta and the independent variable is the effect of product innovation, quality of human resources, business network and entrepreneurial characteristics. The sample used in this study were 33 respondents by purposive sampling method. Ii research data using questionnaires. The results of this study showed that the product innovation, quality of human resources da characteristics of entrepreneurial influence on the development of UMKM in Batik Kampung Ngasem DIY. While the business network has no effect on the development of UMKM in Batik Kampung Ngasem DIY. Test F shows that product innovation, quality resources, business networks, and the characteristics of influential entrepreneurs together to permbangan UMKM in Batik Kampung Ngasem Yogyakarata Special Region

THE EFFECT OF ENGLISH KAMPONG ON SOCIETY SOCIAL-CULTURAL LIFE IN PARE-KEDIRI- EAST JAVA

. English kampong is a community who lives and communicates in English situated in Pelem and Tulungrejo Villages, Pare,Kediri, East Java. The establihments and  the increase of English kampong cause the effect on society  social-cultural life.The aim of this research is to find out the effect of English Kampong on society social-cultural life in Pelem and Tulungrejo villages.The theory used is theory of social and cultural change and the method applied is a qualitative research and method of data collecting is an interview and a questionnaire. The finding shows that the society experiences social and cultural change. The people’s value of togertherness, community service and obedience are descreasing.The care of qualification and the importance of education for their children and the society motivation to maintain local tradition are still high. The society are optimistic, pragmatic and materialistic. They tend to live individually and their participation to social activities is decreasing. The tradition of cleaning up the village and tradition relating to religion run well, and the economic tradition changes to be trader or enterpreneur. The infrastrcuture  and residential quality are good and the usage of technology for supporting life is maximum. Society does not place religion aspect as the only intention of life

Potential predictive markers of chemotherapy resistance in stage III ovarian serous carcinomas

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Chemotherapy resistance remains a major obstacle in the treatment of women with ovarian cancer. Establishing predictive markers of chemoresponse would help to individualize therapy and improve survival of ovarian cancer patients. Chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer has been studied thoroughly and several non-overlapping single genes, gene profiles and copy number alterations have been suggested as potential markers. The objective of this study was to explore genetic alterations behind chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer with the ultimate aim to find potential predictive markers.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To create the best opportunities for identifying genetic alterations of importance for resistance, we selected a homogenous tumor material concerning histology, stage and chemotherapy. Using high-resolution whole genome array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), we analyzed the tumor genomes of 40 fresh-frozen stage III ovarian serous carcinomas, all uniformly treated with combination therapy paclitaxel/carboplatin. Fisher's exact test was used to identify significant differences. Subsequently, we examined four genes in the significant regions (<it>EVI1</it>, <it>MDS1</it>, <it>SH3GL2</it>, <it>SH3KBP1</it>) plus the <it>ABCB1 </it>gene with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) to evaluate the impact of DNA alterations on the transcriptional level.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We identified gain in 3q26.2, and losses in 6q11.2-12, 9p22.3, 9p22.2-22.1, 9p22.1-21.3, Xp22.2-22.12, Xp22.11-11.3, and Xp11.23-11.1 to be significantly associated with chemotherapy resistance. In the gene expression analysis, <it>EVI1 </it>expression differed between samples with gain versus without gain, exhibiting higher expression in the gain group.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In conclusion, we detected specific genetic alterations associated with resistance, of which some might be potential predictive markers of chemotherapy resistance in advanced ovarian serous carcinomas. Thus, further studies are required to validate these findings in an independent ovarian tumor series.</p

31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016) : part two

Background The immunological escape of tumors represents one of the main ob- stacles to the treatment of malignancies. The blockade of PD-1 or CTLA-4 receptors represented a milestone in the history of immunotherapy. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors seem to be effective in specific cohorts of patients. It has been proposed that their efficacy relies on the presence of an immunological response. Thus, we hypothesized that disruption of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis would synergize with our oncolytic vaccine platform PeptiCRAd. Methods We used murine B16OVA in vivo tumor models and flow cytometry analysis to investigate the immunological background. Results First, we found that high-burden B16OVA tumors were refractory to combination immunotherapy. However, with a more aggressive schedule, tumors with a lower burden were more susceptible to the combination of PeptiCRAd and PD-L1 blockade. The therapy signifi- cantly increased the median survival of mice (Fig. 7). Interestingly, the reduced growth of contralaterally injected B16F10 cells sug- gested the presence of a long lasting immunological memory also against non-targeted antigens. Concerning the functional state of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), we found that all the immune therapies would enhance the percentage of activated (PD-1pos TIM- 3neg) T lymphocytes and reduce the amount of exhausted (PD-1pos TIM-3pos) cells compared to placebo. As expected, we found that PeptiCRAd monotherapy could increase the number of antigen spe- cific CD8+ T cells compared to other treatments. However, only the combination with PD-L1 blockade could significantly increase the ra- tio between activated and exhausted pentamer positive cells (p= 0.0058), suggesting that by disrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis we could decrease the amount of dysfunctional antigen specific T cells. We ob- served that the anatomical location deeply influenced the state of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In fact, TIM-3 expression was in- creased by 2 fold on TILs compared to splenic and lymphoid T cells. In the CD8+ compartment, the expression of PD-1 on the surface seemed to be restricted to the tumor micro-environment, while CD4 + T cells had a high expression of PD-1 also in lymphoid organs. Interestingly, we found that the levels of PD-1 were significantly higher on CD8+ T cells than on CD4+ T cells into the tumor micro- environment (p < 0.0001). Conclusions In conclusion, we demonstrated that the efficacy of immune check- point inhibitors might be strongly enhanced by their combination with cancer vaccines. PeptiCRAd was able to increase the number of antigen-specific T cells and PD-L1 blockade prevented their exhaus- tion, resulting in long-lasting immunological memory and increased median survival