Modelo prolab: FruttyBar, una barra frutada de cereal elaborada a base de cushuro

El presente trabajo ha identificado un problema social que afecta al mundo entero y de manera especial a la niñez, incluyendo a la peruana; por lo cual, se enfoca en contribuir al problema del sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños y adolescentes que forman parte de las nuevas generaciones, mediante una alimentación nutritiva. ( Del Águila, 2017, pp. 113-116) Si bien, los países luchan para lograr la soberanía alimentaria, cuya capacidad de decisión y control alimenta a la familia, los Andes Centrales del Perú son un Centro de alta diversidad de recursos fito y zoogenético nativos e introducidos, (Scurrah et al. 2012, pp. 364-365) tal es el caso de productos poco conocidos como el cushuro, el cual es muy rico en proteínas, hierro y calcio. Es importante saber que la población tenga la capacidad de poder ampliar su patrón alimenticio y no depender solamente de algunos alimentos que está acostumbrada a consumir. Por ello, la propuesta cuyo modelo de negocio es FruttyBar, una barra frutada de cereal elaborada a base de cushuro contribuirá al control del sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños y adolescentes; manteniéndolos bien alimentados e incluyendo un producto nutritivo en la dieta diaria. La solución propuesta de FruttyBar es generar un impacto positivo en la calidad de vida del usuario final, pues está alineado a los ODS 2, 8 y 12. Finalmente, la viabilidad financiera se sustenta al obtener un VAN $736,952, un TIR 135social de$10,203,968.45, por lo cual se recomienda su implementación y la evaluación de la escalabilidad del negocio a otros lugares de Perú.The present report has identified a social problem that affects the whole world, especially the peruvian childhood; therefore, it focuses to reduce with a nutritive feeding the problem of obesity in children and adolescents. Although countries struggle to achieve food sovereignty, whose decision-making and control capacity feeds the family, Peruvian Central Andes are a Center of high diversity of native and introduced plant and animal genetic resources, such is the case of little-known products like cushuro, which is very rich in protein, iron and calcium It’s important to know that the population has the capacity to expand its eating pattern and not depend only on some foods that it is used to consuming. For this reason, the proposal whose business model is FruttyBar, a fruit bar based on cushuro contributes to the control of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents; keeping them well fed and including in the daily diet a nutritious product. FruttyBar's solution is proposed to generate a positive impact on the quality of life of the last user, as it is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) # 2, 8 and 12. Finally, the financial viability is supported by obtaining a VAN $736,952, an IRR 135$10,203,968.45, so its implementation and the evaluation of the scalability of the business are recommendable to other places in Peru

Royal Jelly And Its Dual Role In Tnbs Colitis In Mice.

Royal Jelly (RJ) is widely consumed in diets throughout the world due to its beneficial effects: antioxidant, antitumor and anti-inflammatory. We have investigated the role of RJ in the development of TNBS colitis in mice. Colitis was induced by a rectal instillation of TNBS at 0.1 mL per mouse. Intestine samples of the animals orally treated with RJ (100, 150, and 200 mg/kg) were collected for antioxidant assays (GSH and GSH-Px), proinflammatory protein quantification (COX-2 and NF-κB), and histological analyses. RJ 100 mg/kg maintained GSH levels and increased the activity of GSH-Px, downregulated key inflammatory mediators (COX-2 and NF-κB), and decreased the lesions caused by TNBS as shown by the histological analyses. In conclusion, RJ showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in experimental colitis, resulting in the amelioration of the macroscopic and histological analyses. These results corroborate with the RJ supplementation in diets.201595623

Evaluation and use of surveillance system data toward the identification of high-risk areas for potential cholera vaccination: a case study from Niger.

In 2008, Africa accounted for 94% of the cholera cases reported worldwide. Although the World Health Organization currently recommends the oral cholera vaccine in endemic areas for high-risk populations, its use in Sub-Saharan Africa has been limited. Here, we provide the principal results of an evaluation of the cholera surveillance system in the region of Maradi in Niger and an analysis of its data towards identifying high-risk areas for cholera

Guidelines on the diagnosis, treatment and management of visceral and renal arteries aneurysms: a joint assessment by the Italian Societies of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (SICVE) and Medical and Interventional Radiology (SIRM)

: The objective of these Guidelines is to provide recommendations for the classification, indication, treatment and management of patients suffering from aneurysmal pathology of the visceral and renal arteries. The methodology applied was the GRADE-SIGN version, and followed the instructions of the AGREE quality of reporting checklist. Clinical questions, structured according to the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome) model, were formulated, and systematic literature reviews were carried out according to them. Selected articles were evaluated through specific methodological checklists. Considered Judgments were compiled for each clinical question in which the characteristics of the body of available evidence were evaluated in order to establish recommendations. Overall, 79 clinical practice recommendations were proposed. Indications for treatment and therapeutic options were discussed for each arterial district, as well as follow-up and medical management, in both candidate patients for conservative therapy and patients who underwent treatment. The recommendations provided by these guidelines simplify and improve decision-making processes and diagnostic-therapeutic pathways of patients with visceral and renal arteries aneurysms. Their widespread use is recommended

Colorectal Cancer Stage at Diagnosis Before vs During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy

IMPORTANCE Delays in screening programs and the reluctance of patients to seek medical attention because of the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 could be associated with the risk of more advanced colorectal cancers at diagnosis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was associated with more advanced oncologic stage and change in clinical presentation for patients with colorectal cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This retrospective, multicenter cohort study included all 17 938 adult patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer from March 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021 (pandemic period), and from January 1, 2018, to February 29, 2020 (prepandemic period), in 81 participating centers in Italy, including tertiary centers and community hospitals. Follow-up was 30 days from surgery. EXPOSURES Any type of surgical procedure for colorectal cancer, including explorative surgery, palliative procedures, and atypical or segmental resections. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was advanced stage of colorectal cancer at diagnosis. Secondary outcomes were distant metastasis, T4 stage, aggressive biology (defined as cancer with at least 1 of the following characteristics: signet ring cells, mucinous tumor, budding, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and lymphangitis), stenotic lesion, emergency surgery, and palliative surgery. The independent association between the pandemic period and the outcomes was assessed using multivariate random-effects logistic regression, with hospital as the cluster variable. RESULTS A total of 17 938 patients (10 007 men [55.8%]; mean [SD] age, 70.6 [12.2] years) underwent surgery for colorectal cancer: 7796 (43.5%) during the pandemic period and 10 142 (56.5%) during the prepandemic period. Logistic regression indicated that the pandemic period was significantly associated with an increased rate of advanced-stage colorectal cancer (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95%CI, 1.01-1.13; P = .03), aggressive biology (OR, 1.32; 95%CI, 1.15-1.53; P < .001), and stenotic lesions (OR, 1.15; 95%CI, 1.01-1.31; P = .03). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cohort study suggests a significant association between the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the risk of a more advanced oncologic stage at diagnosis among patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer and might indicate a potential reduction of survival for these patients

Proteína inmunogénica de superficie de streptococcus agalactiae : estudio del mecanismo de su capacidad adyuvante inmunológico

Tesis para optar al grado académico de Magíster en Bioquímica.Streptococcus agalactiae también conocida como Streptococcus Grupo B (SGB), es una cocaccea Gram positiva, anaeróbica, facultativa y β-hemolítica capaz de colonizar el tracto genitourinario de un 15% a un 40% de mujeres embarazadas. Se asocia a la muerte fetal y parto prematuro. Así como es la principal causa de sepsis neonatal. El desarrollo de una vacuna contra SGB es prioritario según la OMS, hay vacunas de polisacáridos conjugadas que están en fase clínica II y existen otras vacunas en base a proteínas purificadas que se encuentran en fase clínica I y a nivel preclínico. Una de las proteínas que ha demostrado ser atractiva desde el punto de vista inmunológico como una alternativa para el desarrollo de una vacuna contra SGB, es la proteína inmunogénica de superficie conocida por sus siglas en inglés de SIP (surface immunogenic protein).En los 10 serotipos descritos a la fecha para SGB , esta proteína es altamente conservada en su secuencia aminoacídica y se ha ensayado como potencial inmunógeno para el desarrollo de una vacuna. La función biológica de esta proteína aún no ha sido descrita. En la Sección de Biotecnología del Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile se obtuvo la proteína SIP recombinante desde una cepa de SGB proveniente de un cuadro invasivo de sepsis y meningitis. Esta proteína se ha evaluado como prototipo de vacuna a nivel preclínico mediante inmunización oral y subcutánea, mostrándose que al ser inmunizada por la vía oral es capaz de conferir inmunidad protectora en un modelo murino. Además, esta proteína al ser inmunizada por la vía subcutánea sin la presencia de adyuvantes, confiere inmunidad protectora, que permite disminuir la colonización intravaginal por SGB, lo que nos hace suponer que esta proteína podría tener propiedades de adyuvante inmunológico para el desarrollo de vacunas. En esta tesis se obtuvo la proteína recombinante SIP desde E. coli BL21 (DE3) Codon plus mediante cromatografía de afinidad baja presión y su pureza se confirmó mediante cromatografía de exclusión molecular en HPLC. Se evaluó su capacidad de potenciar la respuesta inmune contra ova-albúmina (OVA) al inmunizar ratones de la cepa C57BL/6 con una mezcla de proteínas. La proteína rSIP formulada como adyuvante indujo mayor cantidad de anticuerpos anti-OVA que la formulación con OVA sola y con OVA más adyuvante ALUM. El estudio realizado en células dendríticas (DCs) permitió observar que rSIP indujo un cambio fenotípico en dichas células aumentando el marcador de superficie CD86/80 y DC 40 y MHCII. Respecto a los parámetros inmunológicos se observó que el sobrenadante de las DCs estimuladas con rSIP indujo un aumento de las citoquinas IL-10 y IL-12. La evaluación de la proteína rSIP como ligando de TLR muestra que es un agonista de TLR2 y TL4. Estudios preliminares de la estructura de la proteína rSIP permiten concluir que la estructura secundaria es mayoritariamente beta en su estado plegado, mientras que con 3,9 M de GdHCl está principalmente desplegada. Los resultados experimentales obtenidos en este trabajo de tesis nos permiten concluir que la proteína rSIP tiene el potencial adyuvante inmuneStreptococcus agalactiae also known as Streptococcus Group B (GBS) is a Gram positive, anaerobic, facultative and β-hemolytic cocaccea capable of colonizing the genitourinary tract from 15% to 40% of pregnant women. It is associated with fetal death and premature delivery, and also is the main cause of neonatal sepsis. Vaccine development against GBS is a priority according to the WHO. Conjugate polysaccharide vaccines are in clinical phase II and also there are vaccines based on purified proteins that are in clinical phase I and at the preclinical level. One of the proteins that has proven to be an immunologically attractive alternative to the development of a vaccine against GBS is the surface immunogenic protein known by its acronym SIP. In the 10 serotypes described to date for GBS this protein is highly conserved in the amino acid sequence and it has been tested as an immunogenic potential for the development of a vaccine. The biological function of this protein remains undescribed. The Biotechnology Section of the Public Health Institute of Chile has obtained the recombinant SIP protein from a strain of SGB from an invasive sepsis and meningitis. This protein has been evaluated as a prototype vaccine at the preclinical level by oral and subcutaneous immunization: The immunized by the oral route has shown to be able of conferring protective immunity in a murine model. In addition, when this protein was immunized by the subcutaneous route without the presence of adjuvants also confers protective immunity, which allows reducing intravaginal colonization by GBS. This makes us to assume that this protein could have immunological adjuvant properties for vaccine development. In this thesis, the SIP recombinant protein was obtained from E. coli BL21 (DE3) Codon plus by low pressure affinity chromatography and its purity was confirmed by HPLC molecule exclusion chromatography. The ability to enhance the immune response against ova was evaluated. Albumine (OVA) by immunizing mice of strain C57BL / 6 with a mixture of proteins. The rSIP protein formulated as an adjuvant induced a greater amount of anti-OVA antibodies than the formulation with OVA alone and with OVA plus adjuvant ALUM. The study carried out in dendritic cells (DCs) allowed us to observe that rSIP induced a phenotypic change in DCs, increasing the surface marker CD86 / 80 and DC 40 and MHC II. Respect to the immunological parameters it was observed that the supernatant of rSIP stimulated DCs induced an increase in the cytokines IL-10 and IL-12 secretion. The evaluation of the rSIP protein as a TLR ligand showed that it is an agonist of TLR2 and TL4. Preliminary structural evaluation of the rSIP protein allows to conclude a predominant beta structure in its folded state and that with 3.9 M of GdHCl it is mainly unfolded. The experimental results obtained in this thesis work allow us to conclude that the rSIP protein has the immune adjuvant potentia

Blood levels of histamine and norepinephrine in humans with sympathetic hyperactivity

The possible existence of a histaminergic pathway by which a reciprocal contralateral inhibitory modulation of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system is exerted motivated the present experimental clinical work. Blood levels of histamine (HA) and norepinephrine (NE) were measured in peripheral blood from patients with Tetanus or Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), pathologies known to present sympathetic hyperactivity crisis in the course of its evolution; also in critically ill patients in general, hospitalized in Intensive Care Units (ICU); and in healthy voluntary donors from the Blood Banks.La posible existencia de una vía histaminérgica, mediante la cual se ejerce una modulación inhibidora recíproca contralateral del sistema nervioso simpático periférico, motivó el presente trabajo clínico experimental. Se determinaron los niveles sanguíneos de histamina (HA) y norepinefrina (NE) en sangre periférica de pacientes con Tétanos o con Síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB), patologías que se sabe que presentan crisis de hiperactividad simpática en el curso de su evolución; igualmente en pacientes críticamente enfermos en general, hospitalizados en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI); y en donantes voluntarios sanos de Bancos de Sangre