Les villes américaines d’après Simone de Beauvoir

En 1948, Simone de Beauvoir publie son journal “L'Amérique au jour le jour" où elle raconte sa decouverte -entre janvier et mai 1947- ues villes américaines. Au fil des jours, elle voit New York et Chicago, Washington et Santa Fe, New Orléans et San Francisco. Elle voit aussi les petites villes: Reno, Rochester, Charleston, les villages: Taos, Roxbury, Oberlin, les paysages de la Nouvelle Angleterre, du Texas, de la Californie. Et, bien sûr, beaucoup d’autres régions, villes et villages. Gourmande insatiable, elle ne veut qu’aucun “iieu priviligié interdit au touriste naïf" lui échappe. Arrivée dans une ville, elle se dit: comment y accéder?. Par où la prendre?. Que pourrai-je en saisir?. En partant, elle se demande toujours: cette ville ne m’a pas filé entre les doigts?. Avait-elle mieux à m’offrir?. Ses secrets n’étaient-ils que mirages?. Car “il y a dans son coeur l’anxiété et la gourmandise des nuits de Noël enfantines”. (Beauvoir, Simone de, “L’Amérique au jour le jour", Paris, Editions Paul Morihien, 1948, p.113) Comment être jamais certaine d’avoir tout connu, tout embrassé? Pareille ambition précipite Simone de Beauvoir dans un agenda infini: régions à parcourir, quartiers à visiter, êtres à connaître,conférences à faire, entretiens à mener, spectacles à jouir, partys à assister.Trabajo publicado en Blarduni de Bugallo, Elena Estela (comp.). Actas XIII Jornadas Nacionales de Literatura Francesa y Francófona. Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) y Association Argentine de Professeurs de Littérature Française Francophone (AAPLFF): La Plata, 2003.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Le New York de Paul Morand

Paul Morand publie son “New York” en 1930, moment critique de l’émergence de cette grande ville comme métropole victorieuse du monde. Car, devenue paradigme de la modernité, cette ville-phare des Etats-Unis donne le ton dans le concert des villes occidentales, reléguant Paris, Londres ou Berlin au rang de province. A ce propos, “Londres et New York sont une même chose à cent ans de distance”, selon Morand. Accaparé par cet évément exceptionnel, à la suite de quatre séjours qu’il fait à New York entre 1925 et 1929, Morand le reconstruit dans son texte, à la manière d’un montage d’impressions partielles, comparaisons et commentaires qui fixent à la fois i'image d’une ville infernale et celle d’une ville utopique.Trabajo publicado en Blarduni de Bugallo, Elena Estela (comp.). Actas XIII Jornadas Nacionales de Literatura Francesa y Francófona. Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) y Association Argentine de Professeurs de Littérature Française Francophone (AAPLFF): La Plata, 2003.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Impaired Chemosensitivity of Mouse Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons Overexpressing Serotonin 1A (Htr1a) Receptors

BACKGROUND: Serotonergic system participates in a wide range of physiological processes and behaviors, but its role is generally considered as modulatory and noncrucial, especially concerning life-sustaining functions. We recently created a transgenic mouse line in which a functional deficit in serotonin homeostasis due to excessive serotonin autoinhibition was produced by inducing serotonin 1A receptor (Htr1a) overexpression selectively in serotonergic neurons (Htr1a raphe-overexpressing or Htr1a(RO) mice). Htr1a(RO) mice exhibit episodes of autonomic dysregulation, cardiovascular crises and death, resembling those of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and revealing a life-supporting role of serotonergic system in autonomic control. Since midbrain serotonergic neurons are chemosensitive and are implicated in arousal we hypothesized that their chemosensitivity might be impaired in Htr1a(RO) mice. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Loose-seal cell-attached recordings in brainstem slices revealed that serotonergic neurons in dorsal raphe nucleus of Htr1a(RO) mice have dramatically reduced responses to hypercapnic challenge as compared with control littermates. In control mice, application of 9% CO(2) produced an increase in firing rate of serotonergic neurons (0.260 ± 0.041 Hz, n=20, p=0.0001) and application of 3% CO(2) decreased their firing rate (-0.142 ± 0.025 Hz, n=17, p=0.0008). In contrast, in Htr1a(RO) mice, firing rate of serotonergic neurons was not significantly changed by 9% CO(2) (0.021 ± 0.034 Hz, n=16, p=0.49) and by 3% CO(2) (0.012 ± 0.046 Hz, n=12, p=0.97). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the hypothesis that chemosensitivity of midbrain serotonergic neurons provides a physiological mechanism for arousal responses to life-threatening episodes of hypercapnia and that functional impairment, such as excessive autoinhibition, of midbrain serotonergic neuron responses to hypercapnia may contribute to sudden death

Adaptor ShcA Protein Binds Tyrosine Kinase Tie2 Receptor and Regulates Migration and Sprouting but Not Survival of Endothelial Cells

Angiopoietin-1 can promote migration, sprouting, and survival of endothelial cells through activation of different signaling pathways triggered by the Tie2 tyrosine kinase receptor. ShcA adapter proteins are targets of activated tyrosine kinases and are implicated in the transmission of activation signals to the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Here we report the identification of an interaction between the adapter protein ShcA and the cytoplasmic domain of Tie2 through in vitro co-immunoprecipitation analysis. Stimulation of endogenous Tie2 in endothelial cells with its ligand angiopoietin-1 increased its association with ShcA and phosphorylation of the adapter protein. The interaction requires the SH2 domain of ShcA and the tyrosine phosphorylation of Tie2 as shown by pull-down experiments. Furthermore, Tyr-1101 of Tie2 was identified as the primary binding site for the SH2 domain of ShcA. Overexpression of a dominant-negative form of ShcA affects angiopoietin-1-induced chemotaxis and sprouting, although it has no effect on survival of endothelial cells. Furthermore, this mutant partially reduces the tyrosine phosphorylation of the regulatory p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Together, our results identified a novel interaction between Tie2 with the adapter molecule ShcA and suggested that this interaction may play a role in the regulation of migration and three-dimensional organization of endothelial cells induced by angiopoietin-1

Study of the effects of spray-drying on the functionality of probiotic lactobacilli

Three probiotic lactobacilli strains were spray-dried in 20% (w/v) skim milk and submitted to a simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Fresh or spray-dried cultures were administered to mice for 5 and 10 days, and Immunoglobulin A (IgA)-producing cells were enumerated in the small intestine by immunohistochemistry. Spray-drying significantly enhanced the resistance of Lactobacillus paracasei A13 and Lactobacillus casei Nad to a simulated gastrointestinal digestion (0.96 and 1.95 log orders, respectively), compared with fresh cultures. Also, a significant higher number of IgA-producing cells were induced by spray-dried cultures compared with fresh cultures. Spray-drying is a suitable, but strain-dependent, technological process for the development of probiotic cultures in skim milk with increased functionality.Fil: Paez, Roxana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria, Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Lavari, Luisina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria, Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Audero, Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria, Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Cuatrin, Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria, Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Zaritzky, Noemi Elisabet. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Reinheimer, Jorge Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Lactología Industrial. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Instituto de Lactología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Vinderola, Celso Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Lactología Industrial. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Instituto de Lactología Industrial; Argentin

Specific Uncoupling of GRB2 from the Met Receptor DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS ON TRANSFORMATION AND MOTILITY

The biological effects of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor are mediated by autophosphorylation of its receptor, the Met tyrosine kinase, on two carboxyl-terminal tyrosines. These phosphotyrosines (Y1349VHVNATY1356VNV) are multifunctional docking sites for several effectors. Grb2, the adaptor for the Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchanger SOS, binds to Tyr1356 in the YVNV motif. By site-directed mutagenesis we either abrogated or duplicated the Grb2 consensus, without interfering with the other effectors. Loss of the link with Grb2 severely impaired transformation. The same mutation, however, had no effect on the "scattering" response, indicating that the level of signal which can be reached by Grb2-independent routes is permissive for motility. Duplication of the Grb2 binding site enhanced transformation and left motility unchanged. Thus, two Met-mediated biological responses, motility and growth, can be dissociated on the basis of their differential requirement for a direct link with Ras

Quantification of aflatoxin M1 carry-over rate from feed to soft cheese

From January to December 2016, samples of milk and feeds of dairy cattle were monthly collected. The concentration of mycotoxins in all matrices was determined using the enzymatic immunoassay technique. The average concentration of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) in feed was 3.01, 218.5 and 467 ug/kg, respectively. The average AFB1 carry-over rate was 0.84% with a variation between 0.05 to 5.93%. Particle size of the feed (P = 0.030) and individual milk production (P = 0.001) affected this rate. Mini-soft cheeses were produced using milk naturally contaminated with aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) as raw material to study its distribution both in whey and in cheese. The average level of AFM1 in milk was 0.014 μg/l. None of milk samples exceeded the maximum level accepted for AFB1 by the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) legislation (0.5 μg/l) and only 5.5% of samples exceeded the European Union (UE) regulations (0.05 μg/l). After the cheese elaboration, the concentration of AFM1 was determined in whey and in cheese. The greatest proportion (60%) was detected in whey while 40% AFM1 remained in the cheese. However, the concentration of AFM1 was higher in the cheese compared to the original milk.EEA RafaelaFil: Costamagna, Dianela Anahi. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Gaggiotti, Monica Del Carmen. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Chiericatti, Carolina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Laboratorio de Microbiología; ArgentinaFil: Costabel, Luciana Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Audero, Gabriela Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Taverna, Miguel Angel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Signorini, Marcelo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Quantification of aflatoxin M1 carry-over rate from feed to soft cheese

From January to December 2016, samples of milk and feeds of dairy cattle were monthly collected. The concentration of mycotoxins in all matrices was determined using the enzymatic immunoassay technique. The average concentration of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) in feed was 3.01, 218.5 and 467 ug/kg, respectively. The average AFB1 carry-over rate was 0.84% with a variation between 0.05 to 5.93%. Particle size of the feed (P = 0.030) and individual milk production (P = 0.001) affected this rate. Mini-soft cheeses were produced using milk naturally contaminated with aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) as raw material to study its distribution both in whey and in cheese. The average level of AFM1 in milk was 0.014 μg/l. None of milk samples exceeded the maximum level accepted for AFB1 by the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) legislation (0.5 μg/l) and only 5.5% of samples exceeded the European Union (UE) regulations (0.05 μg/l). After the cheese elaboration, the concentration of AFM1 was determined in whey and in cheese. The greatest proportion (60%) was detected in whey while 40% AFM1 remained in the cheese. However, the concentration of AFM1 was higher in the cheese compared to the original milk.Fil: Costamagna, D.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Gaggiotti, M.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Chiericatti, C. A.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Costabel, L.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Audero, Gabriela María de Luján. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Taverna, Miguel Angel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Signorini Porchietto, Marcelo Lisandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentin