The Need and Importance of Field Work Practice in Field Settings for Social Workers

Students educate and progress when performing in social service organizations, and social works professors and field teachers must comprehend these procedures. By knowing the mechanisms by which learners grow and improve when functioning in social service organizations, instructors and field trainers can fully understand individuals' academic goals and determine the more efficient strategies to assist students during learning in practice. In that sense, the essay looks at field studying in social service training in terms of the two most common adult learning techniques, personal learning concepts and sociocultural training methods, and how they are utilized in the workplace in-field assignment contexts. Consequently, the paper highlights the diverse character of field learning while claiming that sociocultural methods vary by nation, depending on the demands and realistic goals of social work practice. In Pakistan, social work has to be recognized as a realistic strategy in private as well as public sector. Promoting a realistic study strategy for field situations has been a primary obligation of those connected with social practice. As a consequence, Pakistanis will begin to know their actual pedagogy earlier or later, which is similarly crucial for the advantage of corporate social work training. They connect with customers, colleagues, and mentors throughout their practical experiences, and these encounters help them build communication abilities. Keywords: fieldwork, social work, field work setting, fieldwork placement DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/13-10-04 Publication date:May 31st 202

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome presenting as Intussusception in a young female: A Case Report

Peutz-jeghers syndrome is rare condition with autosomal dominant inheritance. It is due to the mutation in a tumor suppressor gene SK 11 at chromosome no 9. It has a very characteristic presentation. Patient usually presents at a young age with intestinal obstruction due to polyps leading to intussusception. Also there is melanosis at perioral, digits and perineal regions. There is very strong association of cervical and breast carcinoma in females and testicular tumors in males. GIT, pancreatic and lung malignancies occur in both sexes. Regular follow up and screening are necessary for early detection of malignancies. We present a case of young girl who presented with intestinal obstruction along with other signs and symptoms of peutz-jeghers syndrome. Exploratory laparotomy revealed jejunoileal intussusception and hamartomatous polyps. Patient and other family members were advised screening studies of associated malignancies and regular follow up

HPLC profile of phenolic acids and flavonoids of Ocimum sanctum and O. basilicum

This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC), as well as the phenolic profile of two species of O. sanctum (OS) and O. basilicum (OB). The TPC, TFC, and cultivated sanctum's phenolic profiles were similar. The TPC of OS and OB produced 386 and 383 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per 100 g, whereas 201 and 203 mg quercetin equivalent (QE) per 100 g of the extract was obtained during the TFC assay. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by scavenging of DPPH radicals with an inconsiderable difference. HPLC techniques separated the individual phenolic acids and flavonoids. Phenolic acids (gallic, caffeic, ferulic, sinapic, and syringic) and flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, rutin, apigenin, and kaempferol) were commonly identified and quantified in the chromatogram of OS and OB. The maximum gallic acid and quercetin content were found among phenolic acids and flavonoids. The maximum yield of quercetin was analyzed in both extracts

N-(4-Chloro­butano­yl)-N′-[2-(trifluoro­meth­yl)phen­yl]thio­urea

In the title compound, C12H12ClF3N2OS, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the thio­urea fragment is 69.41 (5)°. The thio­urea N—H atoms adopt an anti conformation, such that one of them forms an intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond, generating an S(6) ring. In the crystal, both N—H groups form inversion dimers, one via a pair of N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds and one via a pair of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. These lead to R 2 2(8) and R 2 2(12) loops, respectively. Weak C—H⋯Cl, C—H⋯F, C—H⋯S and π–π [centroid–centroid separation = 3.7098 (6)Å and slippage = 1.853 Å] inter­actions also occur

1-(2-Bromo­phen­yl)-3-(4-chloro­butano­yl)thio­urea

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C11H12BrClN2OS, consists of two crystallographically independent mol­ecules. In each mol­ecule, the butano­ylthio­urea unit is nearly planar, with maximum deviations of 0.1292 (19) and 0.3352 (18) Å from the mean plane defined by nine non-H atoms, and is twisted relative to the terminal benzene ring with dihedral angles of 69.26 (7) and 82.41 (7)°. An intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an S(6) ring motif in each butano­ylthio­urea unit. In the crystal, N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the two independent mol­ecules together, forming an R 2 2(12) ring motif. The mol­ecules are further connected into a tape along the c axis via N—H⋯S and C—H⋯S hydrogen bonds

Antifungal Activity of Honey Samples from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan) as affected by Botanical Origin

The present study evaluated the antifungal activity of honey samples collected from different locations at Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK, Pakistan). Disc diffusion method was used to test the antifungal potential of twenty-one (branded, unbranded, and natural comb) honey samples from the different botanical origins at different concentrations (undiluted, 10%, 30%, and 50%, w/v) against Candida albicans and Rhodotorula species. Branded, unbranded, and natural comb honey samples generate different inhibition zones (4-13 mm, 5-15 mm, and 8-17 mm) against Rhodotorula species. Candida albicans showed resistance for all tested honey samples. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Candida albicans and Rhodotorula species were 53.33%-88.12% and 1.76%-90.22% for branded, 61.3% – 93.8% and 9.90% – 95.5% for unbranded, and 67.1%-96.8% and 6.39%-98.8% for natural comb honey. In conclusion, natural comb honey from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa may have antifungal therapeutic potential and could be a useful source for generating functional food

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Sitagliptin, a promising DPP-4 inhibitor for prevention of acute graft versus host disease

Madam, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) remains a life altering cure to exceptionally challenging diseases ranging from hematologic malignancies to primary immunodeficiencies and blood cancers. One of its adversities includes graft versus host disease (GVHD), a lethal immunologically mediated condition wherein the donor's T-cells attack the host's tissues. The presentation can be classified as acute or chronic. Acute GVHD is divided into four grades. Despite current prophylaxis, including a combination of calcineurin inhibitor with either methotrexate or sirolimus, the incidence of grade-II or higher GVHD is between 30% to 80%, with grade-IV GVHD approaching mortality rates up to 90%.1 A recent phase II trial by Farag et al. addresses the issue by introducing a novel combination of sitagliptin – a specific DPP-4 inhibitor used to manage type 2 diabetes in adults – along with tacrolimus and sirolimus for prevention of GVHD.2 Using the new blend, an overall marked reduction in the risks of grade-II to IV (5%) and grade-III to IV (3%) acute GVHD was shown, compared to previous studies using only sirolimus and tacrolimus.3 Moreover, no adverse effects were associated with the drug during the period of study. Advancements in the field of HSCTs are particularly crucial in developing countries such as Pakistan. The high prevalence of consanguineous marriages and insufficient genetic counselling make the country especially vulnerable to diseases like thalassemia, bone marrow failure syndromes and immunodeficiency states. Up to 9000 children require transplantation each year due to the high prevalence of beta- thalassemia major.4 The situation is further complicated by limited resources and few stem cell transplant centres, which are limited to major cities. Although HSCT efficiently treats numerous life-threatening conditions, only 719 patients underwent HSCT till mid-2017 cumulatively in Pakistan.4 In accordance with the aforementioned factors, the number of transplants performed heavily outnumbers their demand, making it essential to tackle a complication as deadly as acute GVHD. In a 2005 study conducted in Rawalpindi by Hashmi et al., the overall incidence of acute GVHD grade-II to IV after standard immunosuppressive therapy was 44.2%.5 While the results were comparable to other studies, the high f morbidity and mortality rates necessitates alternate treatment courses. Sitagliptin, a locally manufactured, cost-effective drug, will be an appropriate choice of medication in Pakistan where average income amounts to a meagre US$1000 per year.4 However, randomized trials are needed to further investigate its role in the prevention of acute GVHD. Continue...

Soft Load Shedding Based Demand Control of Residential Consumers

Power generation and consumption is an instantaneous process and maintaining the balance between demand and supply is crucial since the demand and supply mismatch leads to various risks like over-investment, over-generation, under-generation, and the collapse of the power system. Therefore, the reduction in demand and supply mismatch is critical to ensure the safety and reliability of power system operation and economics. A typical and common approach, called full load shedding (FLS), is practiced in cases where electric power demand exceeds the available generation. FLS operation alleviates the power demand by cutting down the load for an entire area or region, which results in several challenges and problems for the utilities and consumers. In this study, a demand-side management (DSM) technique, called Soft-load shedding (SLS), is proposed, which uses data analytics and software-based architecture, and utilizes the real-world time-series energy consumption data available at one-minute granularity for a diversified group of residential consumers. The procedure is based on pattern identification extracted from the dataset and allocates a certain quota of power to be distributed on selected consumers such that the excessive demand is reduced, thereby minimizing the demand and supply mismatch. The results show that the proposed strategy obtains a significant reduction in the demand and supply mismatch such that the mismatch remains in the range of 10–15%, especially during the period where demand exceeds generation, operating within the utility constraints, and under the available generation, to avoid power system failure without affecting any lifeline consumer, with a minimum impact on the consumer’s comfort