Aplicación de medios audiovisuales para mejorar la producción oral en inglés de los estudiantes del nivel básico I del Centro de Idiomas de la Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa - 2018

El presente estudio de investigación es de tipo descriptivo, nivel cuasi- experimental, tiene como objetivo determinar el efecto de los medios audiovisuales (libro digital interactivo, videos, audios, videograbaciones) en la producción oral en inglés de los estudiantes del nivel básico I del Centro de Idiomas de la Universidad Nacional San Agustín, Arequipa-2018. Por ser una investigación cuasi-experimental se trabajó con dos grupos; uno de control y otro experimental, antes de aplicar la propuesta los estudiantes alcanzaban un nivel de logro desaprobado en su mayoría. Posteriormente con la aplicación de los medios audiovisuales propuestos en esta investigación los niveles de logro aumentaron a regular o bueno. Se aplicó la rúbrica como instrumento de medición en la producción oral; una antes (pre test) y otra después (post test) a una muestra de 52 estudiantes. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se llegó a las siguientes conclusiones: la producción oral de los estudiantes en el pre test es generalmente de nivel desaprobado, y en el pos test se llegó a un nivel bueno. Aunque se percibieron mejoras en el grupo de control también, se determinó mayores cambios en el grupo experimental. Se realizó el análisis de homogeneidad y con ello se determinó que la prueba de hipótesis general debía realizarse con el estadígrafo Anova de Tuckey, y se obtuvo valor P: 0,000 por lo que se infiere que el programa experimental aplicado tuvo un impacto significativo, similares resultados se obtuvieron en cada uno de los componentes de la variable dependiente. Por tanto, se concluye que el programa experimental aplicado es de gran utilidad para la mejora de la producción oral en inglés.Tesi

Estudio del impacto visual y propuesta de mejora mediante la implantación de arbolado urbano del parque eólico "La Plata"

En los últimos años, las energías renovables han pasado a jugar un papel fundamental en el abastecimiento energético mundial, debido al aumento de la demanda de energía y a la creciente problemática ambiental. Sin embargo, las energías renovables no están exentas de problemas medioambientales, y factores como la ocupación del territorio y el impacto visual hacen que su aceptación social disminuya. En el caso de la energía eólica, la disposición de los aerogeneradores queda condicionada por la intermitencia en la dirección e intensidad del viento, lo que complica la reducción del impacto visual de los parques eólicos y, por tanto, su aceptación social. Debido a la complejidad de los escenarios en los que se sitúan estas instalaciones, existe una gran diversidad de metodologías para optimizar su integración en el paisaje, pero no hay una metodología generalizada que considere que la población debe jugar un papel importante en su desarrollo. Para conocer y valorar el impacto visual que genera el parque eólico "La Plata", se han aplicado tres metodologías: una basada en la valoración cualitativa de los escenarios de población, otra en el uso de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) y la última a través de cuestionarios, comprobando así la equidad en los resultados de las tres metodologías. Aplicadas las tres metodologías y comparando los resultados, todas ellas coinciden en la valoración del impacto visual negativo en el paisaje del parque eólico ?La Plata?, si bien la metodología que se apoya en el uso de cuestionarios incide directamente en la percepción de la población de este impacto, y discierne sus principales problemas. Para determinar la situación del arbolado propuesto se ha utilizado un SIG seleccionando las áreas prioritarias y así evaluar la reducción del impacto visual producido

Mice carrying an epithelial deletion of the glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 develop a higher tumor load in experimental colitis associated cancer

The glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 is expressed in multiple cell types in the gut and elsewhere. Intestinal epithelial cells both produce and respond to glucocorticoids in different physiological and pathological contexts. In experimental colitis glucocorticoids have been shown to exert a dual role, dampening inflammation while producing a deterioration in animal status, including death. Mice with tamoxifen inducible, intestinal epithelial specific deletion of NR3C1 (NR3C1IEC mice) are protected against experimental colitis, suggesting glucocorticoid epithelial actions are deleterious. Since glucocorticoids modulate epithelial proliferation it follows that they may affect the development of colon cancer. In this study we set out to test this hypothesis using the dextran sulfate sodium - azoxymethane model of colitis-associated cancer. KO mice were found to exhibit a 2-fold higher tumor load but similar incidence and tumor size. Tumors had a higher trend to extend to the submucosal layer (36% vs. 0%) in NR3C1IEC mice, and overexpressed Lgr5, Egfr and Myc, consistent with increased proliferation and neoplastic transformation. Snai1 and Snai2 were upregulated specifically in tumors of NR3C1ΔIEC mice, suggesting enhanced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in the absence of the intestinal epithelial GC receptor. We conclude that endogenous GC epithelial signaling is involved in colitis associated cancer.This work was supported by funds from the Ministry of Economy and Competitivity, partly with Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) funds [SAF2017-88457-R, AGL2017-85270-R, BFU2014-57736-P, AGL2014-58883-R] and by Junta de Andalucía [CTS235, CTS164]. MA and CJA were supported by the University of Granada (Contrato Puente Program - Plan Propio) and the Ministry of Education [Spain], respectively. CIBERehd is funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Epithelial deletion of the glucocorticoid receptor protects the mouse intestine against experimental inflammation

Intestinal epithelium glucocorticoid receptor knockout mice (NR3C1 IEC) were treated with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS, 2.5%) to induce colitis. Inflammatory status was assessed by morphological and biochemical methods and corticoid production was measured in colonic explants. Key Results. After 7 days of DSS NR3C1 mice exhibited lower weight loss and tissue damage, reduced colonic expression of S100A9, attenuated phosphorylation of STAT3 and a better overall state compared with WT. Ki67 immunoreactivity was also shifted, indicating an effect on epithelial proliferation. A subgroup of mice were treated with budesonide and showed completely prevented budesonide induced weight loss. Epithelial deletion of the glucocorticoid receptor also protected mice in a protracted colitis protocol. Conversely knockout mice presented a worse status compared to the control group at 1 day post DSS, as shown by blood in feces and increased inflammatory parameters. In a separate experiment colonic corticosterone production was shown to be significantly increased in knockout mice at 7 days of colitis but not at earlier stages. Conclusions and Implications. The intestinal epithelial glucocorticoid receptor has deleterious effects in experimental colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate, probably related to inhibition of epithelial proliferative responses leading to impaired wound healing and reduced endogenous corticosterone production.Ministry of Economy and Competitivity, partly with Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional FEDER funds [BFU2014-57736-P, AGL2014-58883-R, SAF2017-88457-R, AGL2017-85270-R]Junta de Andalucía [CTS235, CTS164]Ministry of EducationCIBERehd is funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos II

The BIDIAP index: a clinical, analytical and ultrasonographic score for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children

Background: Pediatric acute appendicitis (PAA) continues to be a diagnostic challenge today. The diagnostic performance of classical indices is only moderate, especially in pediatric population. This study aimed to define a clinical, radiological and analytical index for the diagnosis of PAA. Materials and methods: This prospective study included 151 patients divided into two groups: (1) 53 patients with non-surgical abdominal pain (NSAP) and (2) 98 patients with a confirmed PAA. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Fisher exact test. To identify the predictors of PAA, we performed a multivariable logistic regression using a forward stepwise analysis and we assigned multiples of integer values to the selected variables. The diagnostic performance of the index was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Intra-cohort calibration was assessed with the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. Results: We developed the BIDIAP index (BIomarkers for the DIagnosis of Appendicitis in Pediatrics), which included three variables that independently predicted higher odds of PAA: appendiceal caliber (≥ 6.9 mm), systemic immune-inflammation index (≥ 890) and peritoneal irritation, which scored 4, 3 and 2 points, respectively. Mean (SD) score of the participants was 2.38 (2.06) in group 1 and 7.89 (1.50) in group 2. The area under the ROC was 0.97 (95% CI 0.95-0.99). The cut-off point was established at 4 points, resulting in a sensitivity of 98.98% and a specificity of 77.78%. Conclusions: The BIDIAP index has an exceptional diagnostic performance in PAA. The importance of these results lies in its novelty and in the simplicity of the index. Although external validation will be necessary, initial results look promising

Fibronectin-coating enhances attachment and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells on a polyurethane meniscal scaffold

Partial meniscectomy is one of the most common surgical strategy for a meniscal injury, but sometimes, patients complain of knee pain due to an overload in the ablated compartment. In these cases, implantation of tissue engineering scaffold could be indicated. Currently, two commercial scaffolds, based on collagen or polycaprolactone-polyurethane (PCL-PU), are available for meniscus scaffolding. In short term follow-up assessments, both showed clinical improvement and tissue formation. However, long-term studies carried out in PCL-PU showed that the new tissue decreased in volume and assumed an irregular shape. Moreover, in some cases, the scaffold was totally reabsorbed, without new tissue formation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) combined with scaffolds could represents a promising approach for treating meniscal defects because of their multipotency and self-renewal. In this work, we aimed to compare the behaviour of MSCs and chondrocytes on a PCL-PU scaffold in vitro. MSCs express integrins that binds to fibronectin (FN), so we also investigate the effect of a FN coating on the bioactivity of the scaffold. We isolated rabbit bone marrow MSCs (rBM-MSCs) from two skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits and stablished the optimum culture condition to expand them. Then, they were seeded over non-coated and FN-coated scaffolds and cultured in chondrogenic conditions. To evaluate cell functionality, we performed an MTS assay to compare cell proliferation between both conditions. Finally, a histologic study was performed to assess extracellular matrix (ECM) production in both samples, and to compare them with the ones obtained with rabbit chondrocytes (rCHs) seeded in a non-coated scaffold. A culture protocol based on low FBS concentration was set as the best for rBM-MSCs expansion. The MTS assay revealed that rBM-MSCs seeded on FN-coated scaffolds have more cells on proliferation (145%; 95% CI: 107%-182%) compared with rBM-MSCs seeded on non-coated scaffolds. Finally, the histologic study demonstrated that rCHs seeded on non-coated scaffolds displayed the highest production of ECM, followed by rBM-MSCs seeded on FN-coated scaffolds. Furthermore, both cell types produced a comparable ECM pattern. These results suggest that MSCs have low capacity attachment to PCL-PU scaffolds, but the presence of integrin alpha5beta1 (FN-receptor) in MSCs allows them to interact with the FN-coated scaffolds. These results could be applied in the design of scaffolds, and might have important clinical implications in orthopaedic surgery of meniscal injuries

Valorización de Minsur S.A. y Subsidiarias

El presente estudio de valorización tiene como objetivo realizar la estimación del valor intrínseco de Minsur S.A. (Minsur), empresa minera peruana perteneciente al grupo Breca, dedicada a la extracción, producción y comercialización de estaño, cobre y oro. La valorización se realizó mediante dos metodologías, Descuento de Flujo de Caja Libre de la Firma (DFCF) y Múltiplos. La empresa cuenta con seis operaciones mineras, cuatro en Perú y dos en Brasil y, debido a la distribución geográfica y la participación de Minsur en ellas, se realizaron tres valorizaciones, Minsur Individual (Perú), Minera Taboca (Brasil) y Marcobre (60 por ciento de participación), las cuales se totalizaron para determinar el resultado final

Un modelo alternativo a la formación reglada: las escuelas de segunda oportunidad en la provincia de Málaga

Esta investigación sobre las Escuelas de Segunda Oportunidad en la provincia de Málaga (E2O), no sólo ha permitido conocer el perfil de los participantes y sus características, sino a la vez detectar fortalezas y debilidades. Poniendo de manifiesto que la intervención con el colectivo que abandona el sistema educativo, requiere de acciones psico socio educativas, ante situaciones previas que originan la separación del menor del sistema, por tanto el abordaje de acciones preventivas sobre las causas analizadas y concluyentes de este estudio, contribuirían a seguir disminuyendo las tasas de abandono escolar, no sólo para alcanzar el 9% antes de 2030 requerido por la Unión Europea, sino para constituir sociedades cohesionadas socialmente desde la educación

Diagnostic performance of serum pentraxin-3 in pediatric acute appendicitis: a prospective diagnostic validation study

Introduction Pediatric acute appendicitis (PAA) is a pathology with a high rate of diagnostic error. The search for new diagnostic tools is justified by the high morbidity and healthcare costs associated with diagnostic error. Methods We designed a prospective study to validate serum pentraxin-3 (PTX3) as a diagnostic tool in PAA. Participants were divided into three groups: (1) patients with no underlying pathology (2) patients with non-surgical abdominal pain and (3) patients with a confirmed diagnosis of PAA. For further analyses, patients in group 3 were divided into complicated or uncomplicated PAA. Quantitative variables were expressed as medians and interquartile ranges and categorical variables as percentages. Quantitative variables were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test and the Mann–Whitney U test. Diagnostic performance was evaluated with ROC curves. Results This study included 215 patients divided into group 1 (n : 63), group 2 (n : 53) and group 3 (n : 99). Median serum PTX3 values were 2.54 (1.70–2.95) ng/mL, 3.29 (2.19–7.64) ng/mL and 8.94 (6.16–14.05) in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively (p : 0.001). Patients with complicated PAA showed significantly higher values than patients with uncomplicated PAA (p = 0.04). The AUC (group 2 vs. 3) was 0.77 (95/100 CI 0.69–0.85) and the best cut-off point was at 7.28 ng/mL, with a sensitivity of 61.3/100 and a specificity of 73.1/100. The AUC (complicated vs. uncomplicated PAA) was 0.65 (95/100 CI 0.54–0.77) and the best cut-off point was 12.33 ng/mL, with a sensitivity of 51.72/100 and a specificity of 72.73/100. Conclusions The diagnostic ability of serum PTX3 in PAA is only moderate and therefore it cannot be considered a definitive diagnostic test. The discriminatory ability of PTX3 between complicated and uncomplicated PAA is poor. These findings, which contrast with those reported to date, should be validated with future properly designed prospective studies

Resultados de la tercera temprada de campo 2001 del proyecto Peten noroccidente - La Joyanca, la libertad, Peten

International audienceSe presenta la información arqueológica y geográfica más reciente recuperada en el Noroccidente de Petén a través de investigaciones sistemáticas realizadas tanto en el centro y la periferia del sitio arqueológico La Joyanca como en la región circundante, proponiendo una visión de carácter local y regional. En general, ha existido una laguna de información y excavaciones en esta región de la tierras bajas mayas. Dichas investigaciones aqui resumidas en la presente ponencia aportan nuevos datos sobre las formas del asentamiento de La Joyanca, una "ciudad" de tercer orden, y de otros sitios estudiados en la región