The reliability of spina bifida videos on YouTube

Objective: Spina Bifida occurs as a result of incomplete closure of the neural tube between the 28th and 30th days of the embryological period. It is usually detected at the intrauterine time. Access to information has become easier with the development of technology in recent years. The easiest example of this is that patients apply to the internet to get information about their diagnoses. We aimed to examine the medical video quality on YouTube by doing a study on Spina Bifida. Methods: The first 50 videos were determined by typing Spina Bifida in the YouTube search engine. These videos were evaluated by 2 researchers using the DISCERN scoring system. Videos were analyzed according to their source, number of views, and number of likes and dislikes. Results: The average length of the videos was 11.2 minutes, and the average number of views per day was 28.24. The average DISCERN score was 1.78. Overall video quality was found to be “poor.” When the videos are analyzed according to their sources, the publications made by the hospital/ doctor constitute 44% of all the publications. Although the videos published by the hospital/doctor are of the highest quality with an average of 1.9 DISCERN, they were determined as poor quality according to the DISCERN criteria. Patient sharing was determined as the most inadequate video with a DISCERN average of 1.36. Conclusion: YouTube is not a reliable platform for getting information. The analyzed Spina Bifida videos also support this. YouTube videos should not be recommended as a medical information retrieval tool

Synthesis of chalcone-containing zinc and cobalt metallophthalocyanines; investigation of their photochemical, DPPH radical scavenging and metal chelating characters

In this study, two new phthalocyanines (M = Zn and Co) were synthesized using the (E)-4-(4-(3-(4- (benzyloxy)phenyl)acryloyl)phenoxy)phthalonitrile (3) as ligand prepared from the chemical reaction of 4- nitrophthalonitrile with (E)-3-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (2). All compounds were characterized using by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV–Vis, FT-IR, and MALDI-TOF mass spectra. Singlet oxygen quantum yields of the synthesized compounds, aggregates in different solutions, metal chelating and 2,2- Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging properties were reported

Examining the visual screening patterns of emotional facial expressions with gender, age and lateralization

The main objective of the study is to investigate the effects of age of model, gender of observer, and lateralization on visual screening patterns while looking at the emotional facial expressions. Data were collected through eye tracking methodology. The areas of interests were set to include eyes, nose and mouth. The selected eye metrics were first fixation duration, fixation duration and fixation count. Those eye tracking metrics were recorded for different emotional expressions (sad, happy, neutral), and conditions (the age of model, part of face and lateralization). The results revealed that participants looked at the older faces shorter in time and fixated their gaze less compared to the younger faces. This study also showed that when participants were asked to passively look at the face expressions, eyes were important areas in determining sadness and happiness, whereas eyes and noise were important in determining neutral expression. The longest fixated face area was on eyes for both young and old models. Lastly, hemispheric lateralization hypothesis regarding emotional face process was supported

rac-(2R*,3S*,5S*,6R*,7S*,8S*)-7,8-Dichloro­bicyclo­[2.2.2]octane-2,3,5,6-tetrayl tetra­acetate

The title compound, C16H20Cl2O8, contains a central bicyclo­[2.2.2]octane skeleton with slightly twisted conformation. In this structure, the C—C bond lengths are in the range 1.525 (2)–1.552 (2) Å. Two sides of this skeleton have cis,cis acet­oxy substituents and the Cl atoms have a trans arrangement. An extensive network of weak C—H⋯O interactions stabilizes the crystal structure

Stereoselective Synthesis of Bishomo-inositols as Glycosidase Inhibitors

For the synthesis of various bishomo-inositol derivatives, 1,3,3a,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran was used as the key compound. For further functionalization of the diene unit, the diene was subjected to photooxygenation, epoxidation, and cis-hydroxylation reactions. The endoperoxide linkage was cleaved by thiourea. The remaining double bond was subjected to epoxidation and cis-hydroxylation reactions. The epoxide rings and tetrahydrofuran rings formed were opened by acid-catalyzed reaction with sulfamic acid. The combination of these reactions resulted in the formation of various new inositol derivatives such as bishomo-chiro-inositol, bishomo-myo-inositol, and two isomeric bishomo-allo-inositols

Trisequential Photooxygenation Reaction: Application to the Synthesis of Carbasugars

4,5-Dimethylenecyclohex-1-ene was subjected to a photooxygenation reaction to introduce oxygen functionalities. The endoperoxide obtained underwent an ene-reaction to form hydroperoxides with 1,3-diene structures. Further addition of singlet oxygen to the diene units resulted in the formation of tricyclic hydroperoxides having three oxygens in the molecule. Cleavage of the oxygen-oxygen bonds followed by epoxidation of the remaining C-C double bond and concomitant ring-opening reaction furnished the isomeric carbasugars