Evaluación de algunos parámetros reproductivos en cabras criollas

Se estudiaron 14 cabras y 14 cabrillas de genotipo "regional" o criollas, con el objeto de conocer el comportamiento reproductivo en sistemas semi-intensivos y para determinar la influencia del plano nutricional y edad al servicio sobre la fertilidad(F), la prolificidad (P), y el intervalo entre partos (IEP).Los animales se dividieron al azar en dos grupos de 14, con 7 cabras y 7 cabrillas cada uno, conformándose los siguientes tratamientos: AT (cabra adulta testigo):AS (cabra adulta suplementada); JT (cabra joven testigo); JS (cabra jovensuplementada). Todos los individuos estuvieron sobre pastura natural de crecimiento primavero estival. A los animales de los tratamientos AS y JS se les brindó alimentación suplementaria consistente en 800 grs de heno de alfalfa primerafloración y 200 grs de maíz en grano / madre / día, en servicio, al principio y final de la lactancia. Luego de observar el comportamiento reproductivo de machos y hembras durante todo el año , se consideraron los índices de F, P, e IEP.Los resultados demuestran que hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas(P < 0,05) en los porcentajes de F entre los tratamientos AS y JS con respecto aAT y JT respectivamente. También hubo diferencias significativas (P< 0,05) cuando se analizó la edad combinada con bajos niveles nutricionales sobre la F y P de las cabras y en cambio no se encontraron diferencias significativas (P > 0.05)en IEP entre los distintos tratamientos, ya que la mayoría de las hembras presentaron anestro estacional de primavera. Se concluye que las cabras criollas delcentro de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina) se comportan como poliéstricas estacionales, resultando la edad y el nivel nutricional factores restrictivos para el logro del potencial reproductivo de las cabras criollas

Synchronous communication in PLM environments using annotated CAD models

The connection of resources, data, and knowledge through communication technology plays a vital role in current collaborative design methodologies and Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) systems, as these elements act as channels for information and meaning. Despite significant advances in the area of PLM, most communication tools are used as separate services that are disconnected from existing development environments. Consequently, during a communication session, the specific elements being discussed are usually not linked to the context of the discussion, which may result in important information getting lost or becoming difficult to access. In this paper, we present a method to add synchronous communication functionality to a PLM system based on annotated information embedded in the CAD model. 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Population, Land Use and Deforestation in the Pan Amazon Basin: a Comparison of Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú and Venezuela

This paper discusses the linkages between population change, land use, and deforestation in the Amazon regions of Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, and Venezuela. We begin with a brief discussion of theories of population–environment linkages, and then focus on the case of deforestation in the PanAmazon. The core of the paper reviews available data on deforestation, population growth, migration and land use in order to see how well land cover change reflects demographic and agricultural change. The data indicate that population dynamics and net migration exhibit to deforestation in some states of the basin but not others. We then discuss other explanatory factors for deforestation, and find a close correspondence between land use and deforestation, which suggests that land use is loosely tied to demographic dynamics and mediates the influence of population on deforestation. We also consider national political economic contexts of Amazon change in the six countries, and find contrasting contexts, which also helps to explain the limited demographic-deforestation correspondence. The paper closes by noting general conclusions based on the data, topics in need of further research and recent policy proposals.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42720/1/10668_2003_Article_6977.pd

Distinct germline genetic susceptibility profiles identified for common non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes

Lymphoma risk is elevated for relatives with common non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes, suggesting shared genetic susceptibility across subtypes. To evaluate the extent of mutual heritability among NHL subtypes and discover novel loci shared among subtypes, we analyzed data from eight genome-wide association studies within the InterLymph Consortium, including 10,629 cases and 9505 controls. We utilized Association analysis based on SubSETs (ASSET) to discover loci for subsets of NHL subtypes and evaluated shared heritability across the genome using Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis (GCTA) and polygenic risk scores. We discovered 17 genome-wide significant loci (P < 5 × 10−8) for subsets of NHL subtypes, including a novel locus at 10q23.33 (HHEX) (P = 3.27 × 10−9). Most subset associations were driven primarily by only one subtype. Genome-wide genetic correlations between pairs of subtypes varied broadly from 0.20 to 0.86, suggesting substantial heterogeneity in the extent of shared heritability among subtypes. Polygenic risk score analyses of established loci for different lymphoid malignancies identified strong associations with some NHL subtypes (P < 5 × 10−8), but weak or null associations with others. Although our analyses suggest partially shared heritability and biological pathways, they reveal substantial heterogeneity among NHL subtypes with each having its own distinct germline genetic architecture

A new subspecies in a Heliconius butterfly adaptive radiation (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

A fundamental goal in evolutionary biology is to understand how evolutionary patterns and processes shape natural diversity. This, however, requires a complete characterization of the phenotypic and genetic variation between and within species. Here, we used molecular, morphological and behavioural data to describe a new and stable subspecies of Heliconius timareta, named Heliconius timareta linaresi subsp. nov. This race differs phenotypically from other red-coloured H. timareta and instead exhibits a black and yellow wing pattern more similar to Heliconius cydno. However, mtDNA, microsatellite and amplified-fragment length polymorphism data indicate a closer relationship with H. timareta than H. cydno and Heliconius melpomene. Larval morphology and host plant preferences are similar to other H. timareta and H. cydno races. Thus, our combined data indicate that this taxon is a novel subspecies of H. timareta, clearly differentiated from H. cydno and H. melpomene. © 2017 The Linnean Society of London

A new subspecies in a Heliconius butterfly adaptive radiation (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

A fundamental goal in evolutionary biology is to understand how evolutionary patterns and processes shape natural diversity. This, however, requires a complete characterization of the phenotypic and genetic variation between and within species. Here, we used molecular, morphological and behavioural data to describe a new and stable subspecies of Heliconius timareta, named Heliconius timareta linaresi subsp. nov. This race differs phenotypically from other red-coloured H. timareta and instead exhibits a black and yellow wing pattern more similar to Heliconius cydno. However, mtDNA, microsatellite and amplified-fragment length polymorphism data indicate a closer relationship with H. timareta than H. cydno and Heliconius melpomene. Larval morphology and host plant preferences are similar to other H. timareta and H. cydno races. Thus, our combined data indicate that this taxon is a novel subspecies of H. timareta, clearly differentiated from H. cydno and H. melpomene. © 2017 The Linnean Society of London

Multivariate associative patterns between the gut microbiota and large-scale brain network connectivity

Contains fulltext : 241444.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access

Viral communities among sympatric vampire bats and cattle

Vampire bats are the only mammals known to feed exclusively on blood from other animals, often from domestic cattle. We tested the hypothesis that the adaptation of vampire bats to hematophagy would have resulted in shared viral communities among vampire bats and cattle, as a direct result of historic spillover events occurring due to hematophagy. We analyzed the presence of different viruses in sample populations of sympatric bat and prey populations and searched for shared viruses between taxa. A limited number of DNA viral groups were detected within each species. However, there was no evidence for a shared viral community among the vampire bat and cattle populations tested