Catboost Algorithm Application in Legal Texts and UN 2030 Agenda

This article evaluates the application of the Catboost algorithm for automatic classification of legal texts in The United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The task consists of labeling texts from initial petitions and rulings based on identifying topics related to the objectives of the 2030 Agenda, which include sustainable development, quality education, gender equality, preservation of the environment, among other topics of interest to UN member countries. This work aims to help Judicial System employees in case management task, an activity that is manual and repetitive. Since the Catboost algorithm allows joining textual, numerical and categorical features in the same classification model. The proposed approach adds to the classification algorithm traditional metadata about legal processes, such as the Supreme Court Class and Field of Law. The main contributions of this work are: analysis of metadata in machine learning flows and evaluation of the Catboost algorithm for textual classification in legal contexts

ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE O EQUILÍBRIO POSTURAL E INDICADORES ANTROPOMÉTRICOS EM ESCOLARES

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre o equilíbrio postural e indicadores antropométricos em escolares do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental. Métodos: Estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo que incluiu crianças regularmente matriculadas no primeiro ano do ensino fundamental, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 6 a 7 anos. Foram excluídas as crianças com qualquer incapacidade física ou cognitiva, as que não participaram de todas as etapas de avaliação do estudo ou as que não conseguiram realizar a avaliação do equilíbrio postural. As crianças realizaram uma avaliação do equilíbrio por meio da posturografia dinâmica computadorizada (PDC), por meio dos testes de organização sensorial (TOSs) em seis diferentes condições sensoriais. Para verificar os indicadores antropométricos, foram avaliadas as medidas de peso corporal e estatura, para posterior cálculo do índice de massa corporal (IMC), sendo este categorizado em quatro grupos: baixo peso, normal, sobrepeso e obesidade. Resultados: Foram incluídas 80 crianças (6,2±0,8 anos), sendo 47 meninas (58,8%). A análise dos indicadores antropométricos identificou 26,3% de escolares com sobrepeso e 15% com obesidade. As crianças apresentaram médias abaixo dos valores de referência considerados para sua faixa etária nas condições III e VI. Foi verificada associação negativa entre a condição V com o IMC e uma associação positiva entre os valores abaixo da normalidade na condição VI com o sobrepeso e a obesidade. Conclusões: Foram verificadas associações entre o excesso de peso corporal e valores abaixo da normalidade em algumas condições do equilíbrio, indicando que os indicadores antropométricos interferiram no equilíbrio postural das crianças

Catboost Algorithm Application in Legal Texts and UN 2030 Agenda

This article evaluates the application of the Catboost algorithm for automatic classification of legal texts in The United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The task consists of labeling texts from initial petitions and rulings based on identifying topics related to the objectives of the 2030 Agenda, which include sustainable development, quality education, gender equality, preservation of the environment, among other topics of interest to UN member countries. This work aims to help Judicial System employees in case management task, an activity that is manual and repetitive. Since the Catboost algorithm allows joining textual, numerical and categorical features in the same classification model. The proposed approach adds to the classification algorithm traditional metadata about legal processes, such as the Supreme Court Class and Field of Law. The main contributions of this work are: analysis of metadata in machine learning flows and evaluation of the Catboost algorithm for textual classification in legal contexts

ADESÃO AO TRATAMENTO DE DIABETES MELLITUS EM ÁREA RURAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE VITÓRIA DE SANTO ANTÃO-PE

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a adesão ao tratamento de indivíduos com diabetes que residem em um distrito da zona rural do município de Vitória de Santo Antão – PE, sobretudo no que se refere ao uso de medicação, a dieta alimentar e a realização de atividade física

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN POSTURAL BALANCE AND ANTHROPOMETRIC INDEXES IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLCHILDREN

<p></p><p>ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association between postural balance and anthropometric indicators in elementary school students. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study included children enrolled in the first year of elementary school, of both sexes, in the age group of 6 to 7 years. Children with any physical or cognitive impairment, children who did not participate in all stages of the study evaluation, or those who failed to perform postural balance assessments were excluded. The children underwent a balance evaluation through a computerized dynamic posturograph, with sensory organization tests (TOSs) in six different sensory conditions. In order to verify the anthropometric indicators, the body weight and height measurements were evaluated for later calculation of the body mass index (BMI), which was categorized into four groups: low weight, normal, overweight and obesity. Results: Eighty children with a mean age of 6.2±0.8 years were included, being 47 girls (58.8%). The analysis of the anthropometric indicators identified that 26.3% of students were overweight and 15% were obese. The children had averages below the reference values considered for their age range in conditions III and VI. There was a negative association between condition V and BMI and a positive association between values below normal in condition VI with overweight and obesity. Conclusions: There were associations between excess body weight and values below normal in some balance conditions, indicating that the anthropometric indicators interfered in the children’s postural balance.</p><p></p

O DESEMPENHO DA IMUNOTERAPIA NA DIMINUIÇÃO DE DOENÇAS INFECCIOSAS EM PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS

Introdução/Objetivos: Historicamente, a quimioterapia tem sido a única opção viável de tratamento sistêmico para doenças precoces e avançadas. A imunoterapia é um tratamento com menor impacto na qualidade de vida do paciente, pois os efeitos colaterais costumam ser menores do que os da quimioterapia convencional. A infectologia, imunologia e oncologia, andam de mãos dadas, a ponto da imunoterapia ter crescido exponencialmente, pois no caso da eficácia na primeira fase do tratamento do tumor por imunoterapia, a sobrevida do paciente pode ser três vezes maior. O objetivo foi avaliar a tolerância clínica e as diferenças entre a prevalência das infecções mais recorrentes em pacientes oncológicos submetidos a quimioterapia, imunoterapia, quimioterapia associada à imunoterapia e aqueles submetidos a cirurgias oncológicas. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospectivo. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos prontuários de 200 pacientes oncológicos atendidos no Pavilhão de Oncologia do Hospital Regional de Ciudad del Leste (Paraguai), no período de um ano. Sendo a quimioterapia, a imunoterapia, a quimioterapia associada à imunoterapia e a cirurgia oncológica, os recursos terapêuticos. Pesquisa autorizada pelo Comitê de Ética. Resultados: No que diz respeito aos quadros infecciosos dos pacientes avaliados pelo recurso terapêutico de imunoterapia, quimioterapia associada a imunoterapia e quimioterapia, essa foi a ordem com menor prevalência de infecções, respectivamente. No estudo foi identificado presença frequente de infecções durante o tratamento quimioterápico e após cirurgias oncológicas. No decurso da quimioterapia foi observado maior prevalência de infecções nas vias aéreas superiores e inferiores. No pós cirúrgico dos pacientes oncológicos infecções de partes moles foram dominantes. Em ambas havia recorrência clínica para o tratamento de recidiva de infecções e intolerância clínica. Em relação ao tratamento com imunoterapia houveram menos quadros infecciosos e foi o modelo que apresentou melhor tolerância clínica, comparado com os demais. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos pelo estudo clínico demonstram a animadora perspectiva ao redor desse recurso no combate ao câncer, visto que a imunoterapia constitui um método terapêutico de bastante eficiência, podendo aumentar a sobrevida do paciente e contribuindo para uma menor recidiva e prevalência dos quadros infecciosos e maior tolerância clínica, corroborando com o objetivo da pesquisa

ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS: a data set of bird morphological traits from the Atlantic forests of South America

Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS

Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data