Determination of Frequency and Distribution of Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Biotypes in the Northeastern Soft Wheat Region

Fifteen collections of Hessian flies from the northern soft winter wheat region of the United States were used to determine the composition and frequency of biotypes. The wheat cultivars \u27Seneca\u27 (H7Hs), \u27Monon\u27 (H3), \u27Knox 62\u27 (~, H7Hg), and \u27Abe\u27 (Hs) were used as differentials. Biotypes J and L replaced biotype B as the prevalent biotype in Indiana, since wheat cultivars having the Hs and the H6 genes have been grown. Biotype GP, the least virulent of any Hessian fly biotypes, was still present in New York indicating that wheat cuItivars with no genes for resistance are still being grown there. The genetic variability of Hessian fly biotypes that enables them to overcome the resistance in wheat cultivars is discussed

A Case of Reactive Cervical Lymphadenopathy with Fat Necrosis Impinging on Adjacent Vascular Structures.

A tender neck mass in adults can be a diagnostic challenge due to a wide differential diagnosis, which ranges from reactive lymphadenopathy to malignancy. In this report, we describe a case of a young female with an unusually large and tender reactive lymph node with fat necrosis. The diagnostic imaging findings alone mimicked that of scrofula and malignancy, which prompted a complete workup. Additionally, the enlarged lymph node was compressing the internal jugular vein in the setting of oral contraceptive use by the patient, raising concern for Lemierre's syndrome or internal jugular vein thrombosis. This report shows how, in the appropriate clinical context, and especially with the involvement of adjacent respiratory or neurovascular structures, aggressive diagnostic testing can be indicated

An efficient buds culture method for the regeneration via somatic embryogenesis of table grapes 'Red Globe' and 'Flame Seedless'

Research Note

Discovery of 6.035GHz Hydroxyl Maser Flares in IRAS18566+0408

We report the discovery of 6.035GHz hydroxyl (OH) maser flares toward the massive star forming region IRAS18566+0408 (G37.55+0.20), which is the only region known to show periodic formaldehyde (4.8 GHz H2CO) and methanol (6.7 GHz CH3OH) maser flares. The observations were conducted between October 2008 and January 2010 with the 305m Arecibo Telescope in Puerto Rico. We detected two flare events, one in March 2009, and one in September to November 2009. The OH maser flares are not simultaneous with the H2CO flares, but may be correlated with CH3OH flares from a component at corresponding velocities. A possible correlated variability of OH and CH3OH masers in IRAS18566+0408 is consistent with a common excitation mechanism (IR pumping) as predicted by theory.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journa

Long-term Variability of H2_2CO Masers in Star-forming Regions

We present results of a multi-epoch monitoring program on variability of 6$\,$cm formaldehyde (H$_2$CO) masers in the massive star forming region NGC$\,$7538$\,$IRS$\,$1 from 2008 to 2015 conducted with the GBT, WSRT, and VLA. We found that the similar variability behaviors of the two formaldehyde maser velocity components in NGC$\,$7538$\,$IRS$\,$1 (which was pointed out by Araya and collaborators in 2007) have continued. The possibility that the variability is caused by changes in the maser amplification path in regions with similar morphology and kinematics is discussed. We also observed 12.2$\,$GHz methanol and 22.2$\,$GHz water masers toward NGC$\,$7538$\,$IRS$\,$1. The brightest maser components of CH$_3$OH and H$_2$O species show a decrease in flux density as a function of time. The brightest H$_2$CO maser component also shows a decrease in flux density and has a similar LSR velocity to the brightest H$_2$O and 12.2$\,$GHz CH$_3$OH masers. The line parameters of radio recombination lines and the 20.17 and 20.97$\,$GHz CH$_3$OH transitions in NGC$\,$7538$\,$IRS$\,$1 are also reported. In addition, we observed five other 6$\,$cm formaldehyde maser regions. We found no evidence of significant variability of the 6$\,$cm masers in these regions with respect to previous observations, the only possible exception being the maser in G29.96$-$0.02. All six sources were also observed in the H$_2^{13}$CO isotopologue transition of the 6$\,$cm H$_2$CO line; H$_2^{13}$CO absorption was detected in five of the sources. Estimated column density ratios [H$_2^{12}$CO]/[H$_2^{13}$CO] are reported.Comment: 29 pages, 9 figure

An adaptive stabilized finite element method for the Darcy's equations with pressure dependent viscosities

This work aims to introduce and analyze an adaptive stabilized finite element method to solve a nonlinear Darcy equation with a pressure-dependent viscosity and mixed boundary conditions. We stated the discrete problem's well-posedness and optimal error estimates, in natural norms, under standard assumptions. Next, we introduce and analyze a residual-based a posteriori error estimator for the stabilized scheme. Finally, we present some two- and three-dimensional numerical examples which confirm our theoretical results

ENCENTRUM ESSEXIS SP. N. (MONOGONONTA: DICRANOPHORIDAE), A NEW ROTIFER INHABITING STREAM BENTHOS FROM EAST ENGLAND

A new species of Rotifera belonging to the genus Encentrum (Monogononta, Dicranophoridae) is described from benthos of the Blackwater River, East Anglia, Essex, England, UK. Encentrum essexis sp. n. is characterised by the in dorsal view more or less conical toes having three elongate drop-shaped, light-refracting bodies leading to the tip of the toe. Trophi of Isoencentrum-type; outline of rami hexagonal; intramallei extended towards trophi axis into long spiniform process; inner margin of basal rami chambers with short tooth

Thermal Methanol Observations of the Outflow from the G31.41+0.31 Hot Molecular Core

The G31.41+0.31 region hosts one of the most prominent hot molecular cores known. Coincident with the hot molecular core is an outflow whose orientation has been controversial. We report VLA-C observations of thermal methanol (70–61 A+, 44 GHz) toward the position of the G31.41+0.31 hot molecular core. Our goals are to clarify the orientation of the outflow and to study the properties of a molecular outflow from a very young region of massive star formation. We confirm that the outflow is indeed associated with the hot molecular core. Our observations strongly suggest that the outflow is oriented in the northeast-southwest direction. The outflow is massive (15 M☉), with a dynamical time of the order of ~4 × 103 yr, and has a wide-angle bipolar morphology

Effects of Banana Peels on Chicken Weight Gain and Egg Production in the Urban and Peri-Urban Areas of Aksum City, Ethiopia

High feed cost of running urban-animal-agriculture and huge city wastes are challenges of the growing towns in modern Ethiopia. Egg production microenterprise is steadily growing due to its low initial investment and ready market in urban and peri-urban areas. However, cost of egg production is high due to the rising cost of corn, the main feed ingredient in poultry rations. Using banana peels, which forms a great proportion of city waste in Ethiopia, is seen as a way of not only reducing the waste, but also as an alternative low-cost feed supplement that could help enhance egg production by small-holder farmers. This study looked at the effect of feeding banana-peels-powder on weight-gain, egg-production and profit from rearing improved poultry breeds. Banana peels were air-dried, ground and used to re-formulate existing feed rations. The control was the ready poultry ration formulated with 52% maize and 48% other ingredients. Then four rations were formulated with 13%, 26%, 39% and 52% banana peels. One hundred, 5-month old Bovans Brown chicken breed were clustered into 4 blocks based on weight categories. Five treatments were applied randomly to the blocks and replicated 5 times in a RCBD cage battery system. The chickens were fed with 120g/chicken/day while water was provided ad libitum. Chickens’ weight and eggs produced were recorded every two weeks and daily respectively. Whereas weight gain and egg production declined with increase in proportion of banana peels, 25% replacement resulted in a comparable daily weight gain (26.42gm) to the standard chicken ration (26.76gm). Increase of banana peels resulted in reduction of weight gain at 17.78, 16.67 and 15.11gm/day and egg production at 0.58, 0.4 and 0.22/day/chicken for 50, 75 and 100% replacements respectively. We conclude that 25% banana peels powder in corn-based feed ration gives optimum weight gain and egg production in chickens

An adaptive multiscale hybrid-mixed method for the Oseen equations

A novel residual a posteriori error estimator for the Oseen equations achieves efficiency and reliability by including multilevel contributions in its construction. Originates from the Multiscale Hybrid Mixed (MHM) method, the estimator combines residuals from the skeleton of the first-level partition of the domain, along with the contributions from element-wise approximations. The second-level estimator is local and infers the accuracy of multiscale basis computations as part of the MHM framework. Also, the face-degrees of freedom of the MHM method shape the estimator and induce a new face-adaptive procedure on the mesh’s skeleton only. As a result, the approach avoids re-meshing the first-level partition, which makes the adaptive process affordable and straightforward on complex geometries. Several numerical tests assess theoretical results