Mineralogy of Yamato 983885 lunar polymict breccia with a KREEP basalt,a high-Al basalt, a very low-Ti basalt and Mg-rich rocks

Y983885 is a polymict regolith breccia with a KREEP basalt, Mg-rich troctolite/norite, a high-Al basalt, a very low-Ti basalt, a granulite originated from ferroan anorthosite, and Si, Na-rich impact spherules. An igneous KREEP basalt is first reported among lunar meteorites to date. The KREEP basalt is mineralogically distinct from Apollo KREEP basalts due to the lack of the typical Ca zoning from orthopyroxene to pigeonite, instead, the presence of the co-existing pigeonite/augite with chemical zonings and micron-scale exsolution. With these mineral characteristics, the KREEP basalt is probably cooled slightly slower than the Apollo KREEP basalts under the subsurface condition such as hypabyssal setting or lava pond. Further study of the additional samples is necessary to fully understand the petrogenesis of this new KREEP basalt. The troctolite and norite are also distinct in lower mg# of mafic minerals and higher modal abundance of olivine in norite, comparing to Apollo troctolites and norites, implying the existence of a rock type with intermediate modal abundance between norite and troctolite, and the compositional diversity of Mg-rich lithologies. Simultaneous occurrence of a KREEP basalt and a genetically KREEP-related, high-Al basalt, a Mg-rich troctolite/norite and the Si, Na-rich impact glasses can constrain the source region of Y983885 to the KREEP-rich Procellarum terrane in the northwestern hemisphere of the lunar nearside

O uso de corticoterapia sistêmica na infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 / The use of corticosteroids in the SARS-CoV-2 infeccion

INTRODUÇÃO: O uso de corticosteroides foi pensado como tratamento na infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 devido ao seu efeito imunomodulador e anti-inflamatório. Isso foi considerado pois, a tempestade de citocinas é uma das principais causas de exacerbação da doença e progressão para síndrome de desconforto respiratório agudo (SDRA), que é a principal causa de morte em pacientes com COVID-19. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão narrativa, o qual objetiva transcorrer sobre a eficácia do corticoide no tratamento da infecção pelo coronavírus. As buscas foram realizadas na base de dados PubMed, e foram aplicados os descritores corticosteroids e covid-19, de forma combinada. DISCUSSÃO: Existem muitas variáveis que divergem entre os autores e que influenciam no benefício do tratamento, como: dose terapêutica, período de início, seleção de um grupo de pacientes ideal e o tipo do corticoide usado. CONCLUSÃO: A partir dos estudos analisados, é possível inferir que ainda existem muitas divergências com relação ao uso de corticosteroides no tratamento da infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2. Sendo assim, são necessários novos estudos para elucidar essas questões

RECURSOS ESTRATÉGICOS E VANTAGEM COMPETITIVA: APLICAÇÃO DO MODELO VRIO EM UMA ORGANIZAÇÃO DO SETOR SUCROALCOOLEIRO

A visão baseada em recursos representa uma das principais correntes de pensamento da área de estratégia empresarial. Os recursos de uma organização podem ser fonte de vantagem competitiva, desde que reconhecidos pela organização como valiosos, raros, difíceis de serem copiados e explorados pela firma. No entanto, identificar e analisar os recursos não são tarefas fáceis e pouco aplicadas no contexto empresarial. Reconhecendo a importância dos recursos para a vantagem competitiva das organizações, este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar se os recursos estratégicos de uma organização do setor sucroalcooleiro contribuem para a sua vantagem competitiva. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foi realizado um estudo de caso em uma empresa do ramo adotando como abordagem teórica o modelo VRIO, proposto por Barney e Hesterly (2007). Para coletar os dados da pesquisa de campo foram adotadas a entrevista semi estruturada, a observação passiva e a análise documental. Por meio da pesquisa, pôde-se verificar que nenhum dos recursos deixa a empresa em desvantagem competitiva, tampouco contribui para uma fraqueza organizacional. Todos os recursos são explorados pela firma, embora nem todos permitam o desenvolvimento de uma vantagem competitiva sustentável.R

高齢者の食事(1) : 食品の切り方が食感および嗜好に及ぼす影響

The purpose of this study is to obtain the basic information on the foods which are easy to masticate, and therefore, suitable for Japanese elderly people. Two dishes, cooked carrot and Japanese radish, were selected to represent food that is very popular among Japanese elderly people. These two sample dishes were cut into various sizes, differing in width, height, and length(mm). Then, these small chips of carrot and Japanese radish were subjected to a sensory evaluation made by two groups of people of defferent generations. The first group consisted of 19 elderly people (average age : 69 years old) and the other consisted of 35 young college students (average age : 19 years old). At the same time, some rheological parameters, such as hardness and cohesiveness of these dishes, were also measured using a rheorometer (Yamaden Inc.). The values obtained by the rheological measurements were then compared with the results of sensory evaluations. The results were as follows : 1) The results of the sensory evaluation clearly indicated that both dishes of the smallest size [3-3-3(mm)] tested in this study were evaluated as "too soft", "non-cohesive in mouth", and "not preferred" by both groups. 2) In the case of cooked carrots, most of the elderly people preferred the size [6-6-6(mm)], while the young college students preferred the size [10-6-3 0(mm)]. In the case of cooked Japanese radish, however, the majority of the elderly people as well as the college students preferred the size [12-12-12(mm)]. 3) According to the rheological measurements, the softly cooked carrots samples and the cohesively cooked Japanese radish samples were preferred by both groups

Total transferrin in cerebrospinal fluid is a novel biomarker for spontaneous intracranial hypotension

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is caused by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Patients with SIH experience postural headaches, nausea, etc., due to CSF hypovolemia. Imaging studies and clinical examinations, such as radioisotope (RI) scintigraphy, are useful for diagnosing SIH. However, 20-30% of patients do not show typical morphology and clinical test results. We previously reported that CSF contains transferrin (Tf) isoforms:"brain-type" Tf derived from the choroid plexus and "serum-type" Tf derived from blood. We showed that both isoforms increased in the CSF of patients with SIH by Western blotting. In the present study, we demonstrate that conventional ELISA for quantifying total Tf is useful for diagnosing SIH more accurately than Western blotting. In addition, SIH with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) was also accurately diagnosed. Total Tf in the CSF can serve as a useful biomarker for diagnosing SIH with or without CSDH

Survey of Period Variations of Superhumps in SU UMa-Type Dwarf Novae

We systematically surveyed period variations of superhumps in SU UMa-type dwarf novae based on newly obtained data and past publications. In many systems, the evolution of superhump period are found to be composed of three distinct stages: early evolutionary stage with a longer superhump period, middle stage with systematically varying periods, final stage with a shorter, stable superhump period. During the middle stage, many systems with superhump periods less than 0.08 d show positive period derivatives. Contrary to the earlier claim, we found no clear evidence for variation of period derivatives between superoutburst of the same object. We present an interpretation that the lengthening of the superhump period is a result of outward propagation of the eccentricity wave and is limited by the radius near the tidal truncation. We interpret that late stage superhumps are rejuvenized excitation of 3:1 resonance when the superhumps in the outer disk is effectively quenched. Many of WZ Sge-type dwarf novae showed long-enduring superhumps during the post-superoutburst stage having periods longer than those during the main superoutburst. The period derivatives in WZ Sge-type dwarf novae are found to be strongly correlated with the fractional superhump excess, or consequently, mass ratio. WZ Sge-type dwarf novae with a long-lasting rebrightening or with multiple rebrightenings tend to have smaller period derivatives and are excellent candidate for the systems around or after the period minimum of evolution of cataclysmic variables (abridged).Comment: 239 pages, 225 figures, PASJ accepte

Development of Cysteine-Free Fluorescent Proteins for the Oxidative Environment

Molecular imaging employing fluorescent proteins has been widely used to highlight specific reactions or processes in various fields of the life sciences. Despite extensive improvements of the fluorescent tag, this technology is still limited in the study of molecular events in the extracellular milieu. This is partly due to the presence of cysteine in the fluorescent proteins. These proteins almost cotranslationally form disulfide bonded oligomers when expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Although single molecule photobleaching analysis showed that these oligomers were not fluorescent, the fluorescent monomer form often showed aberrant behavior in folding and motion, particularly when fused to cysteine-containing cargo. Therefore we investigated whether it was possible to eliminate the cysteine without losing the brightness. By site-saturated mutagenesis, we found that the cysteine residues in fluorescent proteins could be replaced with specific alternatives while still retaining their brightness. cf(cysteine-free)SGFP2 showed significantly reduced restriction of free diffusion in the ER and marked improvement of maturation when fused to the prion protein. We further applied this approach to TagRFP family proteins and found a set of mutations that obtains the same level of brightness as the cysteine-containing proteins. The approach used in this study to generate new cysteine-free fluorescent tags should expand the application of molecular imaging to the extracellular milieu and facilitate its usage in medicine and biotechnology