Lope de Vega y la tradición hagiográfica sobre San Nicolás de Tolentino

El artículo estudia la tradición hagiográfica sobre San Nicolás de Tolentino en Italia y España y analiza la influencia concreta de esa tradición en la comedia dedicada por Lope de Vega al santo (conocida también bajo el título de El santo de los milagros). Frente a lo admitido frecuentemente, Lope no se sirvió de la breve vida incluida por Pedro de Ribadeneyra en su Flos Sanctorum, sino de una fuente mucho más completa y reciente: la Vida de San Nicolás de Juan González de Critana. Incluso, Lope pudo haber utilizado para la composición de su comedia una segunda biografía, debida a Jerónimo Román. El conocimiento de esas fuentes revela el verdadero origen de muchos pasajes del drama atribuidos erróneamente a la imaginación de Lope de Vega y ayuda a comprender los límites impuestos a la invención de episodios maravillosos en sus «comedias de santos».This article deals with the hagiographic tradition of Saint Nicholas of Tolentine in Italy and Spain and analyzes the specific influence of this tradition on Lope de Vega's comedy dedicated to the saint (also known as El santo de los milagros). Contrary to the general opinion, Lope did not use the short life of the saint that Pedro de Ribadeneyra included in his Flos Sanctorum, but a more complete and recent source: Juan González de Critana's Vida de San Nicolás. Indeed, a second biography, composed by Jerónimo Román, could have been used by Lope to write his comedy. The identification of these sources reveals the true origin of many passages of the work mistakenly attributed to Lope de Vega's imagination. It also helps to understand the limits of the invention of wonderful episodes in his «comedias de santos»

Cuentos efímeros. Ejemplo verosímil y diálogo en el «Llibre de meravelles»

Resumen: El Llibre de meravelles de Ramon Llull incluye un extenso corpus de cuentos verosímiles, utilizados por los personajes para mostrar su visión del mundo o para expresar su posición en el debate. Se trata de cuentos creados ad hoc por el autor, cuya vida comienza y concluye con esa enunciación única en el interior de la novela. Y esa condición fugaz, efímera, les otorga el aspecto de meras hipótesis narrativas. Algunos de esos cuentos parecen poseer incluso una trama provisional o inestable, acentuando su carácter virtual, casi ilusorio. La escritura del Llibre de meravelles revela, en cualquier caso, un enorme esfuerzo de experimentación narrativa, visible en el diseño de los relatos, pero también en el «diálogo» que el discurrir de la novela establece entre los mismos. Y ese afán de experimentación se proyecta finalmente sobre los lectores, pues el texto se erige en una auténtica guía para la invención de nuevos cuentos. Esa dimensión metaejemplar constituye el mayor signo de la originalidad de la propuesta luliana en el panorama de la literatura ejemplar de la Edad Media.   Palabras clave: literatura catalana, literatura medieval, Ramon Llull, Llibre de meravelles, ejemplo verosímil, cuento, diálogo, experimentación narrativa

Constructing Scientific Knowledge through the Teacher´s Questions in a Guided-Inquiry Primary Lesson of the Water Cycle

Background: This paper deals about how scientific content emerged through the guide of teacher questions in an inquiry-based activity. The lesson takes place with an experimental device which aims to enable students to explain the phase transitions in the water cycle. Objectives: What scientific concepts are constructed by students and teacher? What kind of questions uses the pre-service teacher in order to guide the thought of students? Design: The methodology used is based on video-analysis. The analysis is carried out at two scales, one mesoscopic (minutes) based on a thematic approach (games), the other microscopic (seconds) based on the cognitive demand of each question from the teacher as well as the decomposition of the knowledge involved in each oral intervention (facets). Setting and Participants: The study is carried out with a pre-service teacher in a science lesson of 6th grade formed by 17 students in a public school. Data collection and analysis: Our source of data is a 1-hour video recording made during a science lesson. The data is analyzed with Transana software. Results: Findings show how the pre-service teacher uses questions in all games as a key lever to engage students in the construction of meanings. Difficulties are perceived when students try to explain the scientific concepts (evaporation and condensation) in a context of the water cycle. Conclusions: The video allowed us to observe the difficulty involved in making knowledge move forward as the session progresses if the student diversity is to be dealt with

Active power control in a hybrid PV-storage power plant for frequency support

The recent increase of intermittent power generation plants connected to the electric power grids may stress the operation of power systems. So, grid codes started considering these power plants should con- tribute to the grid support functions. Recently, a power ramp rate limitation is being included in several grid codes, which is a challenge for photovoltaic installations due to the lack of inertia. This paper pre- sents a method to deal with the main grid code requirements considering a PV plant with an energy stor- age device, where a strict two-second time window ramp rate restriction is applied. A direct ramp rate control strategy is used, which includes a dynamic SOC control and battery support functionality for active power setpoint compliance. The control strategy is validated by simulations.Postprint (published version

Capability curve analysis of photovoltaic generation systems

The present article assesses the study of the PV generator capability curves for use in large scale photovoltaic power plants (LS-PVPPs). For this purpose, the article focuses on three main aspects: (i) the modelling of the main components of the PV generator, (ii) the operational limits analysis of the PV array together with the inverter, and (iii) the capability curve analysis considering variable solar irradiance and temperature. To validate this study a PVPP of 1 MW is designed, modelled and simulated in DIgSILENT PowerFactory®. The results for each case scenario shows that the capability curve and the limitations are directly affected by: the solar irradiance, temperature, dc voltage, and the modulation index.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Microgrids

Integration of renewable energy sources in the electrical power system is key for enabling the decarbonization of that system. The connection of renewable generation to the electrical system is being performed in a centralized form (large renewable power plants like wind or solar power plants connected at the transmission system) and in a decentralized manner (through the connection of dispersed generation connected at the distribution system). The connection of renewable generation at distribution levels, together with other generating sources as well as energy storage systems (the so-called DER, Distributed Energy Resources) close to consumption sites, is promoting the development of microgrids: DER installations that have the capability to operate grid connected and grid isolated. The uncertainty and variability of the renewable energy sources that integrate microgrids, as well as the need for coordination with other energy sources, pose challenges in the operation, protection, control, and planning of microgrids. The five selected papers published in this Special Issue propose solutions to address these challenges.Peer ReviewedObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::7 - Energia Assequible i No ContaminantObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::7 - Energia Assequible i No Contaminant::7.1 - Per a 2030, garantir l’accés universal a serveis d’energia assequibles, confiables i modernsObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::7 - Energia Assequible i No Contaminant::7.2 - Per a 2030, augmentar substancialment el percentatge d’energia renovable en el con­junt de fonts d’energiaPostprint (published version

Special issue on microgrids

Postprint (published version