2019 Diversity, Equity, and Student Success Conference Association of American Colleges & Universities

Instructor Objectives: Identify students’ diversity and inclusion needs and how they integrate with learning and student success. Develop pedagogical skills to better convey diversity and inclusion throughout a course. Anticipate and effectively manage instructional dynamics regarding sensitive topics when teaching health communication (e.g. health disparities related to race, socioeconomic status). Recognize and effectively manage instructional dynamics regarding sensitive topics when teaching organizational communication (e.g., multicultural workplaces, intercultural team interactions, discrimination)

Os Estados Unidos como um caldeirão cultural: a universalidade dos direitos humanos

The universality of human rights means ensuring equal human rights to each individual regardless of any differences (race, sex, gender, religion, etc.). The United States has struggled with actively supporting the universality of human rights since its inception. The U.S. is a country built by immigrants and continues to be a destination for opportunity. However, balancing the different cultures from Asia to Europe to Africa has proved to be an increasingly difficult task for the U.S. The country has moved from one extreme (assimilation) to another (cultural relativity) while trying to be a true “melting pot” of cultures. This essay analyzes the costs and benefits of each of these solutions through a historical lens while also examining less extreme options for ensuring the universality of human rights such as promoting differences and ensuring equality.La universalidad de los derechos humanos implica garantizar la igualdad de derechos humanos a cada individuo, independientemente de las diferencias (raza, sexo, género, religión, etc.). Estados Unidos es un país construido por inmigrantes y sigue siendo un destino de oportunidades, y desde su creación, ha luchado por defender activamente la universalidad de los derechos humanos. Sin embargo, equilibrar las diferentes culturas provenientes de Asia, Europa y África ha resultado ser una tarea cada vez más difícil. El país ha pasado de un extremo (asimilacionismo) a otro (relativismo cultural) mientras intentaba ser un verdadero "crisol" de culturas. Este ensayo analiza los costos y beneficios de cada una de estas soluciones a través de una perspectiva histórica, a la vez que examina opciones menos extremas para garantizar la universalidad de los derechos humanos, como promover las diferencias y garantizar la igualdad.Universalidade dos direitos humanos significa garantir direitos humanos iguais a todos os indivíduos, independentemente das diferenças (raça, sexo, gênero, religião, etc.). Os Estados Unidos são um país construído por imigrantes e continua sendo um destino de oportunidades, e desde sua criação, tem lutado para defender ativamente a universalidade dos direitos humanos. Entretanto, o equilíbrio das diferentes culturas da Ásia, Europa e África provou ser uma tarefa cada vez mais difícil. O país passou de um extremo (assimilação) para outro (relativismo cultural) enquanto tentava ser um verdadeiro "caldeirão de culturas". Este ensaio analisa os custos e benefícios de cada uma dessas soluções através de uma perspectiva histórica, enquanto examina opções menos extremas para garantir a universalidade dos direitos humanos, como a promoção das diferenças e a garantia da igualdade.&nbsp

Notes

Notes by John M. Anderton, B. M. Apker, J. V. Wilcox, Leonard Boykin, Jr., John J. Broderick, Jr., Thomas F. Broden, Robert F. Burns, John E. Cosgrove, James K. Sugnet, and James D. Sullivan

Contributors to the May Issue/Notes

Notes by John M. Anderton, Robert F. Burns, B. M. Apker, Thomas F. Broden, James A. Cassidy, John E. Cosgrove, and Robert S. Olivier

Contributors to the May Issue/Notes

Notes by John M. Anderton, Robert F. Burns, B. M. Apker, Thomas F. Broden, James A. Cassidy, John E. Cosgrove, and Robert S. Olivier

Emergency Care Handover (ECHO study) across care boundaries : the need for joint decision making and consideration of psychosocial history

Background: Inadequate handover in emergency care is a threat to patient safety. Handover across care boundaries poses particular problems due to different professional, organisational and cultural backgrounds. While there have been many suggestions for standardisation of handover content, relatively little is known about the verbal behaviours that shape handover conversations. This paper explores both what is communicated (content) and how this is communicated (verbal behaviours) during different types of handover conversations across care boundaries in emergency care. Methods: Three types of interorganisational (ambulance service to emergency department (ED) in ‘resuscitation’ and ‘majors’ areas) and interdepartmental handover conversations (referrals to acute medicine) were audio recorded in three National Health Service EDs. Handover conversations were segmented into utterances. Frequency counts for content and language forms were derived for each type of handover using Discourse Analysis. Verbal behaviours were identified using Conversation Analysis. Results: 203 handover conversations were analysed. Handover conversations involving ambulance services were predominantly descriptive (60%–65% of utterances), unidirectional and focused on patient presentation (75%–80%). Referrals entailed more collaborative talk focused on the decision to admit and immediate care needs. Across all types of handover, only 1.5%–5% of handover conversation content related to the patient's social and psychological needs. Conclusions: Handover may entail both descriptive talk aimed at information transfer and collaborative talk aimed at joint decision-making. Standardisation of handover needs to accommodate collaborative aspects and should incorporate communication of information relevant to the patient's social and psychological needs to establish appropriate care arrangements at the earliest opportunity

Professional identity in nursing: UK students' explanations for poor standards of care

Research concludes that professional socialisation in nursing is deeply problematic because new recruits start out identifying with the profession’s ideals but lose this idealism as they enter and continue to work in the profession. This study set out to examine the topic focussing on the development of professional identity. Six focus groups were held with a total of 49 2nd and 3rd year BSc nursing students studying at a university in London, UK and their transcripts were subject to discourse analysis. Participants’ talk was strongly dualistic and inflected with anxiety. Participants identified with caring as an innate characteristic. They described some qualified nurses as either not possessing this characteristic or as having lost it. They explained strategies for not becoming corrupted in professional practice. Their talk enacted distancing from ‘bad’ qualified nurses and solidarity with other students. Their talk also featured cynicism. Neophyte nurses’ talk of idealism and cynicism can be understood as identity work in the context of anxiety inherent in the work of nurses and in a relatively powerless position in the professional healthcare hierarchy

"You're never making just one decision" : exploring the lived experiences of ambulance Emergency Operations Centre personnel

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of ambulance dispatch personnel, identifying key stressors and their impact on staff well-being. METHODS: Qualitative methodology was used. Nine semistructured interviews were conducted with National Health Service (NHS) ambulance Emergency Operations Centre (EOC) dispatch personnel in the UK between July and August 2014. Participants were asked about their experiences of the role, stress experienced and current strategies they use to deal with stress. Transcripts were analysed using an inductive, bottom-up thematic analysis. RESULTS: Three key themes were identified: (1) 'How dispatch is perceived by others', (2) 'What dispatch really involves' and (3) 'Dealing with the stresses of dispatch'. All participants expressed pride in their work, but felt overloaded by the workload and undervalued by others. Several sources of additional stress, not directly related to the execution of their work, were identified, including the need to mentally unwind from work at the end of a shift. Participants were able to identify a number of ways in which they currently manage work-related stress, but they also suggested changes the organisation could put in place in order to reduce stress in the working environment. CONCLUSIONS: Building on existing theory on work stress and postwork recovery, it was concluded that EOC dispatch staff require greater support at work, including skills training to promote postshift recovery, in order to reduce the likelihood of sickness absence, and prevent work-related fatigue