Enzymatic digestion of calf fleshing meat by-products: Antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activity of protein hydrolysates, and identification of fatty acids

open7noThis research was funded by Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research, National Project Cluster Agrifood SO.FI.A. (SOstenibilità della FIliera Agroalimentare) (2013–2017, Grant Number CTN01_00230_450760).The food waste reduction through an efficient recovery of its valuable building molecules has become an important topic with a positive effect on the economy and the environment. In this work, the revalorization of slaughterhouse calf fleshing meat through its enzymatic hydrolysis is proposed. The proteolytic activity of 11 enzymes was initially screened and the four most efficient enzymes (papain, trypsin, pancreatin, and bromelain) were selected. The molecular profiling of the different protein/peptide fractions by the Linear Trap Quadrupole-OrbiTrap technique showed compositional differences due to the specificity of the enzymes’ cleavage sites. In order to find a potential reuse of these hydrolysates, the analysis of antioxidant and, for the first time on fleshing meat hydrolysates, of anti-tyrosinase activities, was performed. Papain-digested samples were those showing the highest inhibition activity of tyrosinase enzyme (55.6%) as well as the highest antioxidant activity (3.52 g TEAC/L). In addition, the composition analysis of the lipid fraction was performed. The mono-unsaturated fatty acids resulted to be the most abundant lipid in all the samples with the exception of pancreatin-treated hydrolysates in which poly-unsaturated fatty acids were predominant. The present results seemed to support a possible valorization of isolated fractions from calf fleshing by-products, as food or feed ingredients, by the implementation of fraction isolation within the meat-processing pipeline.openTedeschi T.; Anzani C.; Ferri M.; Marzocchi S.; Caboni M.F.; Monari S.; Tassoni A.Tedeschi T.; Anzani C.; Ferri M.; Marzocchi S.; Caboni M.F.; Monari S.; Tassoni A

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Pemesanan Makanan Berbasis Web pada Cafe Surabiku

Café merupakan tempat yang melayani pesanan minuman dan makanan, café juga merupakan salah satu pusat interaksi sosial dimana  orang-orang  dapat  berkumpul,  berbicara,  menulis,  membaca,  melawak,  atau sekedar mengisi waktu. Pemesanan adalah suatu aktifitas yang dilakukan oleh konsumen sebelum membeli. Untuk mewujudkan kepuasan konsumen maka Perusahaan harus mempunyai sebuah sistem pemesanan yang baik.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data yaitu dengan observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Sedangkan untuk pengembangan software menggunakan metode waterfall. Pada saat ini Cafe Surabiku mengalami  kesulitan  dalam melayani  pemesanan dan masih menggunakan pencatatan yang belum terkomputerisasi atau masih menggunakan sistem konvesional. Dimana pembeli harus menunggu terlalu lama untuk memesan makanan, selain itu pelayan juga mengalami kesulitan dalam mencatat pesanan secara manual menggunakan kertas. Pencatatan  pesanan secara  manual  kurang efisien  dari  sisi  waktu. Maka untuk mewujudkan kepuasan konsumen dalam pemesanan makanan dibuatlah sebuah rancang bangun sistem informasi pemesanan pemesanan makanan berbasis web dengan menggunakan PHP dan Mysql. Kata Kunci: Pemesanan, Sistem Informasi, Café, We

OXTR Gene DNA Methylation Levels Are Associated with Discounting Behavior with Untrustworthy Proposers

Individual differences in temporal and probabilistic discounting are associated with a wide range of life outcomes in literature. Traditional approaches have focused on impulsiveness and cognitive control skills, on goal-oriented personality traits as well as on the psychological perception of time. More recently, literature started to consider the role of social and contextual factors in discounting behavior. Between others, higher generalized trust in human beings and specific trust in people who will deliver the future/probabilistic rewards have been related to a stronger willingness to wait and to assume risk. Moreover, the tendency to trust others has been associated with the oxytocin receptor gene regulation that can be modified by life experiences. In this perspective, we hypothesized that differences in the tendency to wait and to take risks for a more desirable reward according to the proposer’s trustworthiness could be related to a different level of DNA methylation at the oxytocin receptor gene. Findings confirmed that participants are less willing to wait and to risk when the proposer is considered highly untrustworthy and revealed how higher oxytocin receptor gene DNA methylation is associated with a stronger effect due to the presence of an untrustworthy proposer. Limits and future directions are outlined

Vitis vinifera - a chemotaxonomic approach: Seed storage proteins

The IEF pattern of the constituent peptides for the storage protein from Viris vinifera endosperm is used for the construction of a dendrogram relating 74 seed specimens

Partnership Encounters in Literature(s), Poetry and Voices from Other Worlds

The academic bulk of this year’s Blue Gum contains texts in both English and Italian. Out of fourteen articles, seven are in Italian and seven in English. They all scrutinise and illuminate a diversity of relevant literary works under the lens of the biocultural partnership-domination theory (Eisler 1987). The literary texts in this issue range from the ancient to the contemporary, from ‘canon’ to post-decolonial literature, in a joyful variety of interrelated recurrences, connections and encounters. William Shakespeare, Walter Scott, Doris Lessing, Ursula Le Guin, Bram Stoker, David Malouf and Jean Rhys are just few of the many writers tackled by our invited authors

Lighting emotions: a review of the emotional influence of color perceived lightness

As human beings, we are continuously exposed to stimuli that modulate our psychological functioning and behavior, presumably through the influence exerted on our emotions (Valdez and Mehrabian, 1994). In literature, among others, the feature of color, mainly related to the three attributes of hue, chroma, and lightness, represents one of the most explored topics (Wilms and Oberfeld, 2018). By the way, the multidisciplinary lens through which it has been investigated and the partial lack of methodological rigor (Elliot, 2015) make it difficult, thus far, to unify the research evidence while being able to disambiguate the single contribution of each color's attribute. The current review aims to provide an overview of the most recent literature, focusing on evidence that highlights the role of the perceived lightness of color, in its functional as well as aesthetic properties, in influencing emotions and behavior. Practical implications and future directions in this research area are outlined

Face Mask Reduces the Effect of Proposer’s (Un)Trustworthiness on Intertemporal and Risky Choices

Previous literature suggested that individuals increase temporal and risk discounting at the presence of a proposer whose face is perceived as untrustworthy, suggesting the activation of protective choice patterns. By the way, the COVID-19 pandemic has substantially transformed the way we interact with other people, even bringing us into situations where the face of the person making a proposal is not fully visible, because of the mask. With the current study, we aimed at verifying if the effect of proposer’s facial (un)trustworthiness on discounting behavior is modulated by mask wearing. In two different experiments, participants performed traditional delay and probability discounting tasks with masked proposers manipulated across trustworthiness levels. Results highlighted that, even after checking for subject-specific emotion recognition ability with masked faces, the presence of a masked untrustworthy proposer increases both delay and probability discounting parameters, although the effect is not statistically significant and smaller than the one detected at the presence of an untrustworthy proposer without a mask. These results suggest that the ability to perceive the proposer’s (un)trustworthiness is affected by the mask, with a consequent less strong effect of proposer’s (un)trustworthiness on choice behavior on both intertemporal and risky choices. Limits and possible implications are outlined and discussed