Perceções sobre a imagem social da escola: estudo de caso na escola sede do agrupamento de Marrazes

Este trabalho focaliza-se na influência da comunicação e do marketing na melhoria da imagem social da escola, e desta imagem na escolha da instituição de ensino para os alunos. O tema torna-se pertinente após a divulgação dos rankings de escolas que tornou o ambiente entre escolas semelhante ao do mercado levando esta mudança à competitividade. Foram usados métodos de investigação por inquérito entre os alunos e por entrevista entre decisores, diretor e autarcas. Obtiveram-se resultados dessa investigação que levam à conclusão que a influência do marketing é muito baixa, face ao critério de proximidade da residência, e que a imagem da escola entre alunos, decisores e demais comunidade não é coincidente, variando consoante o maior ou menor conhecimento da Escola Básica nº2 de Marrazes

Noise rich in low frequency components, a new comorbidity for periodontal disease? An experimental study

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited."Introduction: Exposure to noise rich in low frequency components induces abnormal proliferation of extracellular matrix and collagens. The previous studies have shown alterations in the periodontium of both humans and animals. Our objective was the evaluation of collagens I, IV and V of the periodontium of Wistar rats exposed to noise rich in low frequency components. Materials and Methods: 5 groups (each with 10 animals) were exposed to continuous low frequency noise (LFN). The LFN, from previously recorded white noise, frequency filtered and amplified, was applied in growing periods of 1, 3, 5, 9 and 13 weeks, in order to characterize the alterations with exposure time. A control group of ten animals was kept in silence. These animals were used in groups of 2 as aged‑matched controls. After exposure, sections were obtained including teeth, alveolar bone and periodontium and observed after immunollabeling for collagens I, IV and V. Results: A significant increase in collagen I was observed in exposed groups (P < 0.001) (Kruskal‑Wallis test). Post‑hoc comparisons (Mann‑Whitney test with Bonferroni correction) showed an increase in collagen I in animals exposed for 3 weeks or more (P < 0.001). The same test was applied to collagen V where significant differences were found when comparing control and exposed groups (P ≤ 0.004). The t‑test for independent samples was applied to collagen type IV where no significant differences were found (P = 0.410), when comparing to the control group. Discussion: As in other organs, we can observe fibrosis and the newly formed collagen is likely to be “nonfunctional,” which could have clinical impact. Conclusion: Noise may constitute a new comorbidity for periodontal disease.

Effects of low-frequency noise on cardiac collagen and cardiomyocyte ultrastructure: an immunohistochemical and electron microscopy study

"Introduction: Low-frequency noise (LFN) leads to the development of tissue fibrosis. We previously reported the development of myocardial and perivascular fibrosis and a reduction of cardiac connexin43 in rats, but data is lacking concerning the affected type of collagen as well as the ultrastructural myocardial modifications. Objectives: The aim of this study was to quantify cardiac collagens I and III and to evaluate myocardial ultrastructural changes in Wistar rats exposed to LFN. Methods: Two groups of rats were considered: A LFN-exposed group with 8 rats continuously submitted to LFN during 3 months and a control group with 8 rats. The hearts were sectioned and the mid-ventricular fragment was selected. After immunohistochemical evaluation, quantification of the collagens and muscle were performed using the image J software in the left ventricle, interventricular septum and right ventricle and the collagen I/muscle and collagen III/muscle ratios were calculated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to analyze mid-ventricular samples taken from each group. Results: The collagen I/muscle and collagen III/muscle ratios increased in totum respectively 80% (p<0.001) and 57.4% (p<0.05) in LFN-exposed rats. TEM showed interstitial collagen deposits and changes in mitochondria and intercalated discs of the cardiomyocytes in LFN-exposed animals. Conclusions: LFN increases collagen I and III in the extracellular matrix and induces ultrastructural alterations in the cardiomyocytes. These new morphological data open new and promising paths for further experimental and clinical research regarding the cardiac effects of low-frequency noise.

Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Regulate the Proinflammatory Response of Monocytes and Myeloid Dendritic Cells from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a disabling autoimmune disease whose treatment is ineffective for one-third of patients. Thus, the immunomodulatory potential of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) makes MSC-based therapy a promising approach to RA. This study aimed to explore the immunomodulatory action of human bone marrow (BM)-MSCs on myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and monocytes, especially on cytokines/chemokines involved in RA physiopathology. For that, LPS plus IFNγ-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from RA patients (n = 12) and healthy individuals (n = 6) were co-cultured with allogeneic BM-MSCs. TNF-α, CD83, CCR7 and MIP-1β protein levels were assessed in mDCs, classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes. mRNA expression of other cytokines/chemokines was also evaluated. BM-MSCs effectively reduced TNF-α, CD83, CCR7 and MIP-1β protein levels in mDCs and all monocyte subsets, in RA patients. The inhibition of TNF-α production was mainly achieved by the reduction of the percentage of cellsproducing this cytokine. BM-MSCs exhibited a remarkable suppressive action over antigen-presenting cells from RA patients, potentially affecting their ability to stimulate the immune adaptive response at different levels, by hampering their migration to the lymph node and the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Accordingly, MSC-based therapies can be a valuable approach for RA treatment, especially for non-responder patients

estudos artísticos

O tropicalismo arranca em 1967, através do corpo: a música de Caetano Veloso e Gilberto Gil, os vestíveis de Hélio Oiticica, as propostas teatrais de José Celso Martinez Corrêa e os cenários de Hélio Eichbauer. Hoje as coisas são um pouco mais complexas. Em tempo de redes sociais, os aspirantes ao poder fazem uso da sua imediatez para suscitarem reações epidérmicas, superficiais, populistas e de grande instantaneidade. A boçalidade triunfa nas caixas de comentários, e com mais alguns perfis falsificados podem manipular-se plebiscitos, movimentos secessionistas, ou, e também censurar-se exposições de arte. Nesta variação do fascismo, a epiderme eletrificada das redes sociais estrutura-se como uma poderosa arena onde se aparenta uma falsa democracia. Talvez a arte continue a ser um reduto para reflexão, mas vemos que a censura se manifesta hoje de modo talvez mais eficaz, silenciando artistas e professores, através da pressão mediatizada, da emoção do momento. Para isto é necessária a atenção consciente da arte, dos artistas, e também dos arte-educadores: enfrenta-se uma massa cada vez mais informe, alienada e despojada de reflexão para além do imediato.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A História da Alimentação: balizas historiográficas

Os M. pretenderam traçar um quadro da História da Alimentação, não como um novo ramo epistemológico da disciplina, mas como um campo em desenvolvimento de práticas e atividades especializadas, incluindo pesquisa, formação, publicações, associações, encontros acadêmicos, etc. Um breve relato das condições em que tal campo se assentou faz-se preceder de um panorama dos estudos de alimentação e temas correia tos, em geral, segundo cinco abardagens Ia biológica, a econômica, a social, a cultural e a filosófica!, assim como da identificação das contribuições mais relevantes da Antropologia, Arqueologia, Sociologia e Geografia. A fim de comentar a multiforme e volumosa bibliografia histórica, foi ela organizada segundo critérios morfológicos. A seguir, alguns tópicos importantes mereceram tratamento à parte: a fome, o alimento e o domínio religioso, as descobertas européias e a difusão mundial de alimentos, gosto e gastronomia. O artigo se encerra com um rápido balanço crítico da historiografia brasileira sobre o tema

Dietary Arthrospira platensis improves systemic antioxidant potential and changes plasma lipids without affecting related hepatic metabolic pathways in post-weaned piglets

Research ArticleBackground: The ability of a high level of dietary Arthrospira platensis, individually or in combination with two exogenous carbohydrate-degrading enzymes (lysozyme and Rovabio®), to improve systemic antioxidant potential and hepatic lipid metabolism was tested in piglets. Forty male post-weaned piglets, sons of Large White × Landrace sows crossed with Pietrain boars, were allocated into 4 groups (n = 10) and fed during 28 days one of the following diets: 1) a control basal diet (cereal and soybean meal); 2) a basal diet with 10% of A. platensis (AP); 3) the AP diet supplemented with 0.005% of Rovabio® (AP + R); 4) the AP diet supplemented with 0.01% of lysozyme (AP + L). Results: Arthrospira platensis decreased BW gain of piglets, regardless the addition of feed enzymes. The majority of plasma metabolites were affected by diets. A. platensis increased total lipids, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, without changing hepatic fatty acid content or modulating, in an expressive manner, the transcriptional profile of lipid sensitive mediators. The antioxidant potential in general, and total carotenoids in particular, were improved by the microalga, regardless lysozyme or Rovabio®. Conclusions: Summing up, A. platensis, individually and combined with feed enzymes, impacts negatively on piglets’ growth but improves the systemic antioxidant potential and changes plasma lipids with a minor modulation on related hepatic metabolic pathwaysinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Arte Teoria, nº2 (2001)

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Arginine supplementation modulates pig plasma lipids, but not hepatic fatty acids, depending on dietary protein level with or without leucine

Abstract Background In the present study, the effect of arginine and leucine supplementation, and dietary protein level, were investigated in commercial crossbred pigs to clarify their individual or combined impact on plasma metabolites, hepatic fatty acid composition and mRNA levels of lipid sensitive factors. The experiment was conducted on fifty-four entire male pigs (Duroc × Pietrain × Large White × Landrace crossbred) from 59 to 92 kg of live weight. Each pig was randomly assigned to one of six experimental treatments (n = 9). The treatments followed a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, providing two levels of arginine supplementation (0 vs. 1%) and three levels of basal diet (normal protein diet, NPD; reduced protein diet, RPD; reduced protein diet with 2% of leucine, RPDL). Results Significant interactions between arginine supplementation and protein level were observed across plasma lipids. While dietary arginine increased total lipids, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerols in NPD, the inverse effect was observed in RPD. Overall, dietary treatments had a minor impact on hepatic fatty acid composition. RPD increased 18:1c9 fatty acid while the combination of leucine and RPD reduced 18:0 fatty acid. Arginine supplementation increased the gene expression of FABP1, which contributes for triacylglycerols synthesis without affecting hepatic fatty acids content. RPD, with or without leucine addition, upregulated the lipogenic gene CEBPA but downregulated the fat oxidation gene LPIN1. Conclusions Arginine supplementation was responsible for a modulated effect on plasma lipids, which is dependent on dietary protein level. It consistently increased lipaemia in NPD, while reducing the correspondent metabolites in RPD. In contrast, arginine had no major impact, neither on hepatic fatty acids content nor on fatty acid composition. Likewise, leucine supplementation of RPD, regardless the presence of arginine, promoted no changes on total fatty acids in the liver. Ultimately, arginine, leucine and dietary protein reduction seem to be unrelated with fatty liver development