Identificação e caracterização dos biótopos de uma praia de Peniche

Mestrado em Biologia MarinhaA praia do Abalo situa-se na costa oeste de Portugal, na península de Peniche ( 39º21’12,90’’N e 9º23’06,15’’W). De Março de 2007 a Agosto de 2008 foi efectuado um estudo com o objectivo de identificar e caracterizar as comunidades intertidais de subtrato rochoso desta praia. Foi recenseado um total de 105 espécies, das quais 35 de macroalgas, 68 de macroinvertebrados e 2 de líquenes. No que respeita às macroalgas foi a Divisão Rhodophyta que apresentou uma maior riqueza em espécies, com 19, seguida da divisão Chlorophyta com 9 espécies e da Heterokontophyta com 7 espécies. Dentro dos macroinvertebrados foram os moluscos que apresentaram a maior diversidade, com 30 espécies, seguidos dos crustáceos com 16 e dos anelídeos com 13 espécies. A diversidade aumentou da zona superior da praia em direcção à linha de água. Na praia do Abalo identificaram-se dois biótopos: um localizado na franja sublitoral e caracterizado pelas macroalgas Corallina elongata, Halopteris filicina e Asparagopsis armata e outro, localizado no eulitoral superior, caracterizado pelo cirrípede Chthamalus sp, pelo líquen Lichina pygmaea e pelo gastrópode Melaraphe neritoides. Apenas este último biótopo está definido para a região costeira de Inglaterra e Irlanda. Os factores determinantes no estabelecimento das comunidades da zona intertidal rochosa da praia do Abalo, à semelhança do que acontece noutras regiões intertidais, parecem ser o grau de exposição às ondas, a elevação, a natureza do substrato e a heterogeneidade inerente à sua superfície. ABSTRACT: The Abalo beach is situated in the western coast of Portugal, in the peninsula of Peniche (39º21’12,90’’N e 9º23’06,15’’W). March of 2007 to August of 2008 a study was effectuated with the objective to identify and to characterize the intertidal communities of this rocky shore. From the first study it resulted a catalogue with 105 different taxes, of which 35 species are of seaweeds, 68 species are of macroinvertebrates and 2 species are of lichens. The group of seaweeds with bigger diversity of species, are the Rhodophyta, with a total of 19 species, then the Chlorophyta with 9 species and the Heterokontophyta with seven species. The group of macroinvertebrates with bigger biodiversity is the group of the Mollusca, with 30 species, followed from the group of the Crustacea with 16 species and Annelida with 13 species. The diversity increased of the superior zone of the beach towards the line of water. The qualitative study doing later achieved 2 different biotopes. The first one located on sublittoral fringe. This biotope has a community of species such as Corallina elongate, Halopteris filicina e Asparagopsis armata. In superior eulittoral its the other biotope in which it is obviate the power of three species, its Chthamalus sp, Melaraphe neritoides and Lichina pygmaea. The only biotope in which it is possible applies the code inherent in the biotopes of the English and Irish rocky shores is this second biotope. Important factors for this community’s its, according several studies already done are the exposure to wave action, high of rocky substratum, variation in topography on rocky surface and rock type

O efeito socioeconómico das insolvências nas famílias

O panorama atual da economia portuguesa reveste-se de graves dificuldades por parte das empresas, e esta realidade conduz-nos para a instabilidade e insegurança com que vivem todos aqueles que, de uma forma ou de outra, são influenciados por estes eventos. É recorrente assistirmos, nos dias de hoje, à menção da palavra “Insolvência”, sem que tenhamos totalmente a noção do que ela representa, seja a nível das sociedades, seja no que diz respeito aos particulares. A investigação desta Dissertação assenta neste ponto, dado que permitirá averiguar até que ponto os particulares têm a exata noção do mecanismo de insolvência e das consequências que advém desse processo. A estrutura base desta Dissertação assenta em duas partes fundamentais para o objetivo da investigação: a componente empírica que se focaliza nos preceitos legais existentes sobre o processo de insolvência, e a componente prática que revela os resultados obtidos pela metodologia de investigação utilizada, além de encerrar as conclusões mais pertinentes que decorrem desses mesmos resultados. Assim, em primeiro lugar introduz-se o tema abordado, em que se refere o propósito e metodologia de investigação, e se mencionam os contributos do estudo efetuado. Após isto, apresenta-se uma revisão de literatura, na qual se desenvolvem conceitos importantes sobre a insolvência e outros complementares, que são relevantes para a investigação realizada, e para a compreensão dos resultados e das suas conclusões. No corpo do trabalho, será feita uma análise prática aos resultados obtidos decorrentes da investigação efetuada, e da metodologia utilizada através de inquéritos. Nesta fase, importa identificar ainda os principais indicadores que influenciam o processo de insolvência, e qual o impacto dos mesmos nas famílias e particulares envolvidos. Por fim, de referir, numa fase final, a elaboração das principais conclusões do estudo efetuado, e os contributos essenciais que a investigação proporciona aos interessados e público que se identifica como o foco deste trabalho

Condições atmosféricas e utilização de duas praias do Concelho de Cascais, durante o período estival

Relatório de estágio de mestrado, Geografia - Geografia Física e Ordenamento do Território, Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território, 2012O conforto Bioclimático é uma temática relevante em qualquer região do mundo, mas adquire uma maior importância em áreas turísticas. Cascais é um concelho muito vocacionado para a atividade turística, principalmente durante o período estival, recebendo um elevado número de visitantes que procuram as belas praias distribuídas ao longo da linha de costa. Neste relatório é desenvolvido um estudo sobre o conforto bioclimático, em duas praias do concelho de Cascais (Crismina e Moitas), durante o Verão. O objetivo é compreender a influência dos elementos atmosféricos sobre a utilização das áreas balneares. O estudo foi possível através da recolha de dados climáticos (temperatura do ar, velocidade de vento e nebulosidade e tendo sido calculado o índice bioclimático Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET)) e através da recolha de dados dos frequentadores da praia (características pessoais e comportamentos). A regressão linear foi utilizada para analisar a relação entre os elementos climáticos e os dados dos utilizadores. Embora próximas, as duas praias apresentaram discrepâncias nas condições atmosféricas, no tipo de ocupação e na relação entre ambos. Na praia da Crismina, a temperatura do ar tende a ser mais baixa e a velocidade de vento mais elevada, comparativamente à praia das Moitas. No que respeita à ocupação do areal, por norma, a praia das Moitas é mais frequentada do que a praia da Crismina. As características e comportamentos dos indivíduos que usufruem das praias, também, são variáveis. Os resultados indicam diferentes realidades de conforto bioclimático, nas áreas de estudo. Através deste estudo é fornecido um contributo importante para esta temática, no concelho de Cascais, podendo, futuramente, ser usado em estratégias mais sustentadas.Abstract: Bioclimatic comfort is a relevant issue in any region of the world, but acquires a greater importance in touristic areas. Cascais is an area connected to touristic activity, receiving a high number of visitors that uses the beautiful beaches distributed along the coastline, mainly during summer. In this report is developed a bioclimatic comfort study, in two beaches of Cascais (Crismina e Moitas), during summer. The aim is to understand the influence of atmospheric elements on the use of bathing areas. The study was possible by collecting climatic data (air temperature, wind velocity and cloudy were consider to determinate the atmospheric conditions and calculated a bioclimatic index - Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) and through the collect beaches users data. User data encompassed some personal characteristics and behaviors. Linear regression was used to analyze the relation between climatic elements and the user data. Although the proximity, the two beaches showed differences in the atmospheric conditions, in the type of occupation and in the relation between them. On Crismina beach, air temperature tends to be lower and the wind velocities higher, comparatively to Moitas beach. The sand occupation at the Moitas beach is more crowded than the Crismina beach. The behaviors and characteristics of individuals are variables too. The results indicate different realities of bioclimatic comfort, in the study areas. Through this study is provided a important contribution to this theme, in Cascais, and in future may be used in sustained strategies

Exercise templates with Sage Math

Students can benefit from the study of a detailed answer of an exercise after trying to solve it in traditional pen-and-paper way as has been verified in literature. This basic fact was the incentive to the creation of a new package, for the growing community of users of Sage Math, that allows an author to add, change and delete parameterized exercise templates, with detailed answer, from one or more personal databases, as well as producing new exercises in a booklet style or exam form

Oral Route Driven Acute Trypanosoma cruzi Infection Unravels an IL-6 Dependent Hemostatic Derangement

Oral transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, is presently the most important route of infection in Brazilian Amazon. Other South American countries have also reported outbreaks of acute Chagas disease associated with food consumption. A conspicuous feature of this route of transmission is presenting symptoms such as facial and lower limbs edema, in some cases bleeding manifestations and risk of thromboembolism are evident. Notwithstanding, studies that address this route of infection are largely lacking regarding its pathogenesis and, more specifically, the crosstalk between immune and hemostatic systems. Here, BALB/c mice were orally infected with metacyclic trypomastigotes of T. cruzi Tulahuén strain and used to evaluate the cytokine response, primary and secondary hemostasis during acute T. cruzi infection. When compared with control uninfected animals, orally infected mice presented higher pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6) serum levels. The highest concentrations were obtained concomitantly to the increase of parasitemia, between 14 and 28 days post-infection (dpi). Blood counts in the oral infected group revealed concomitant leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia, the latter resulting in increased bleeding at 21 dpi. Hematological changes paralleled with prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, Factor VIII consumption and increased D-dimer levels, suggest that oral T. cruzi infection relies on disseminated intravascular coagulation. Remarkably, blockade of the IL-6 receptor blunted hematological abnormalities, revealing a critical role of IL-6 in the course of oral infection. These results unravel that acute T. cruzi oral infection results in significant alterations in the hemostatic system and indicates the relevance of the crosstalk between inflammation and hemostasis in this parasitic disease

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Menin : a new actor in cell cycle ?

La NEM1 est un syndrome cancéreux affectant de nombreuses glandes endocrines, qui résulte d’une prédisposition génétique liée à des mutations du gène MEN1. La Menin, protéine codée par MEN1 possède de nombreux partenaires qui interviennent dans la dynamique de la chromatine, la régulation de la transcription et de la stabilité du génome. Le besoin de mieux connaître les fonctions biochimiques de la Menin m’a conduit à tenter de produire la protéine purifiée en grande quantité. Ce faisant, j’ai pu apporter des informations sur la structure de la Menin. Sur un plan fonctionnel, j’ai étudié l’interaction entre Menin et l’oncosuppresseur p53, et montré que certaines modifications post-traductionnelles de p53 déterminantes pour son activité et sa stabilité en réponse à un stress génotoxique, n’affectent pas l’interaction, rendant possible que ce soient des modifications de la Menin qui y jouent un rôle déterminant. J’ai ainsi montré que la Menin pouvait être mono-ubiquitinée. La Menin interfère également avec un autre régulateur du cycle cellulaire, la protéine RB dont elle semble réguler le niveau de phosphorylation et peut-être même la quantité totale dans la cellule.MEN1 is a cancer syndrome affecting many endocrine glands, which results from a genetic predisposition related to mutations of the MEN1 gene. Menin, the protein encoded by MEN1 has many partners that play a role in the dynamics of chromatin and in the regulation of the transcription and of genome stability. The need for knowing better the biochemical functions of Menin led me to try to produce the purified protein in great quantity. By doing this, I could bring information on the structure of Menin. On a functional level, I studied the interaction between Menin and the oncosuppressor p53, and showed that certain post-translational modifications of p53 crucial for its activity and its stability in response to a genotoxic stress, do not affect the interaction, making possible that modifications of Menin play a determining role there. I thus showed that Menin could be monoubiquitinylated. Menin also interferes with another regulator of the cell cycle, the protein RB of which it seems to control the level of phosphorylation and perhaps even the total amount in the cell

IL-6 promove alterações hemostáticas durante a fase aguda da doença de Chagas

Submitted by Repositório Arca ([email protected]) on 2019-07-11T14:06:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Dinelis ([email protected]) on 2019-07-25T15:42:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 dina_antunes_ioc_dout_2019.pdf: 5191176 bytes, checksum: 62fa8db80466cfbf4eac21cdfe9cb96d (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-07-25T15:42:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 dina_antunes_ioc_dout_2019.pdf: 5191176 bytes, checksum: 62fa8db80466cfbf4eac21cdfe9cb96d (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.A infecção oral pelo Trypanosoma cruzi, agente etiológico da doença de Chagas, é a via de transmissão com maior registro de casos no Brasil nos dias de hoje. Outros países da América Latina também reportaram surtos associados ao consumo de alimentos contaminados. Esta via de infecção apresenta sintomas específicos como edema de face e de membros inferiores e, em alguns casos, hemorragias e risco de tromboembolismo. Mesmo assim, ainda existem poucos estudos que abordam esta via de transmissão tanto ao nível da sua patogênese quanto, mais especificamente, ao nível do sistema hemostático e sua interação com o sistema imune. Neste trabalho, camundongos BALB/c com idade entre 6±8 semanas foram infectados por via oral com 5x104 tripomastigotas metacíclicos da cepa Tulahuén derivados de excreta de insetos Triatoma infestans. Quando comparados com os controles, os animais oralmente infectados apresentaram altas concentrações séricas de citocinas pró-inflamatórias (TNF, IFN-\03B3 e IL-6) As maiores concentrações e o aumento da parasitemia foram obtidos entre os 14-28 dias após a infecção (dpi). Os hemogramas demonstraram leucocitose e trombocitopenia nos animais infectados, resultando em um aumento do sangramento aos 21 dpi. Alterações hematológicas paralelas ao prolongamento do tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada, consumo de fator VIII e detecção do D-dímero, sugerem que a infecção pelo T. cruzi apresenta sinais de coagulação intravascular disseminada. Notavelmente, o bloqueio de IL-6R preveniu as anormalidades hematológicas, revelando o papel crítico de IL-6 no curso da infecção oral. Além disso, análises hematológicas em camundongos infectados pela via subcutânea indicaram que as perturbações no sistema hemostático não são específicas da via de infecção oral. Estes resultados demonstram, pela primeira vez, que a infecção pelo T. cruzi, resulta em alterações no sistema hemostático e mostram a relevância do "crosstalk" entre inflamação e coagulação nesta doença parasitária.Oral transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, is presently the most important route of infection in Brazil. Other South American countries have also reported outbreaks of acute Chagas disease associated with food consumption. A conspicuous feature of this route of transmission is presenting distinct symptoms such as facial and lower limbs edema, in some cases bleeding manifestations and risk of thromboembolism are evident. Notwithstanding, studies that address this route of infection are largely lacking regarding its pathogenesis and, more specifically, the crosstalk between immune and hemostatic systems. Here, BALB/c mice, aged 6±8 weeks, were orally infected with metacyclic trypomastigotes of T. cruzi Tulahuén strain, obtained from excreta of Triatoma infestans. When compared with control uninfected animals, orally infected mice presented higher pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF, IFN-γ and IL-6) serum levels. The highest concentrations and the parasitemia increase were obtained between 14-28 days post-infection (dpi). Blood counts in the oral infected group revealed concomitant leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia, resulting in increased bleeding at 21 dpi. Hematological changes paralleled with prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, Factor VIII consumption and increased D-dimer levels, suggest that oral T. cruzi infection relies on disseminated intravascular coagulation. Remarkably, blockade of the IL-6 receptor blunted hematological abnormalities, revealing a critical role of IL-6 in the course of oral infection. Moreover, haematological analyses in mice subcutaneously infected indicated that haemostatic disorders are not specific to the oral infection route. These results unravel that acute T. cruzi infection results in significant alterations in the hemostatic system and indicates the relevance of the crosstalk between inflammation and hemostasis in this parasitic disease

Honours students at secondary education: exploratory study of psichlogical factors related to high academic achievement

Nos últimos anos tem-se assistido a um investimento no estudo da excelência humana, nomeadamente na excelência académica. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar algumas das características psicológicas que possam estar associadas à elevada realização académica dos alunos que constam no quadro de honra escolar ao nível do ensino secundário. No estudo disponibilizaram-se a participar 10 alunos de uma Escola Básica e Secundária, na Região Autónoma da Madeira, sendo três alunos do 10º ano, cinco alunos do 11º ano e dois alunos do 12º ano. Os dados foram recolhidos através da administração individual de um teste de inteligência (WISC-III), de uma bateria de aptidões (BPR-10/12), de um teste de criatividade (TPCT) e de uma entrevista individual. Os resultados apontam para perfis de desempenho heterogéneos, verificando-se uma superioridade do desempenho intelectual e académico em relação ao desempenho criativo, sendo que os alunos apresentam também elevada motivação, métodos e hábitos de estudo, e expetativas de prosseguimento de estudos a nível superior. Finalizamos com uma discussão dos resultados e apontando pistas para o desenvolvimento de trabalhos futuros.In recent years there has been an increasing interest in the study of human excellence, particularly in academic excellence. The objective of this paper is to analyse some of the psychological factors that may be associated with the high academic achievement of the students listed in the roll of honour at secondary education. In this study, 10 students from a school in Madeira Island agreed to participate: three students of the 10th school year, five students of the 11th school year and two students of the 12th school year. Data collection was carried out through the individual administration of an intelligence test (WISC-III), a reasoning tests battery (BPR-10/12), a creativity test (TTCT) and a semi-structured interview. The results reveal heterogeneous performance profiles, and a superior intellectual and academic performance in comparison with creative performance. Results also show that students are highly motivated, have study methods, and all of them want to continue their studies at higher education. Finally, the results are discussed and some clues for future studies are presented.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio