A proposal of generic event trees and probabilities for the release of different types of hazardous materials

Abstract: In quantitative risk analysis usually generic hypothesis concerning the loss of containment initiating events are applied, in order to simplify the analysis. For example, for the loss of containment from a storage tank: instantaneous release of the complete inventory, continuous release of the complete inventory in 10 min and continuous release from a hole with a diameter of 10 mm. Once these initiating events specified, it is necessary to develop the corresponding event trees to establish which are the different sequences –depending on the properties of the released material, the existing safety barriers, etc.– leading from each initiating event to the diverse final outcomes or accident scenarios. In this communication a set of generic short event trees are proposed for the main cases which can be found, as a function of the type of hazardous material released. Values for the corresponding intermediate probabilities (immediate ignition, delayed ignition, flame front acceleration, BLEVE, etc.) are also proposed, following both a literature survey and expert judgment.Postprint (published version

Molecular Physiology of Kainate Receptors

28 páginas, 15 figuras, 3 tablas.A decade ago, our understanding of the molecular properties of kainate receptors and their involvement in synaptic physiology was essentially null. A plethora of recent studies has altered this situation profoundly such that kainate receptors are now regarded as key players in the modulation of transmitter release, as important mediators of the postsynaptic actions of glutamate, and as possible targets for the development of antiepileptic and analgesic drugs. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the properties of kainate receptors focusing on four key issues:1) their structural and biophysical features, 2) the important progress in their pharmacological characterization,3) their pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms of action, and4) their involvement in a series of physiological and pathological processes. Finally, although significant progress has been made toward the elucidation of their importance for brain function, kainate receptors remain largely an enigma and, therefore, we propose some new roads that should be explored to obtain a deeper understanding of this young, but intriguing, class of proteins.Work in the laboratory of J. Lerma has been supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Culture (DGICYT Grants PB93/0150 and UE96/0007 as well as DGESIC Grants PM-0008/96 and PM99–0106), the Ministry of Health (FISSS Grant 95/0869), the Comunidad de Madrid (Grant 08.5/ 0042/1998), and the European Union (Grant BIO2-CT930243). J. C. López-García is the recipient of a long-term fellowship awarded by EMBO.Peer reviewe

Osteoporosis Idiopática Juvenil: (a propósito de un caso)

Presentamos un caso de osteporosis idiopática juvenil. Se trata de una niña de ll años que debuta con un aplastamiento de T4 tras un traumatismo mínimo y que posteriormente, con el corsé de Milwaukee puesto, desarrolla múltiples aplastamientos vertebrales. Efectuan una revisión de la literatura sobre la etiopatogenia, diagnóstico diferencial y pronóstico de esta rar a forma de osteporosis.The authors showed a case of idiopathic juvenil e Osteoporosis, a girl 11 year s old than started with a wedge fracture of T4 after a minimal trauma. Although she wor e a Milwauke e brace, develope s multiples lewe l vertebral wedges. They made a review of the literature about the etiopathogenia differential diagnosis and prognosis of this rare form of osteoporosis

Evidence of increased anthropogenic emissions of platinum: time-series analysis of mussels (1991-2011) of an urban beach

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Structural and Magnetic Properties of Ni0.8Fe0.2/Ti Nanoscale Multilayers

The influence of the thickness of the Ni0.8Fe0.2 (Permalloy, Py) layers on the structural and magnetic properties of magnetron sputtered Py/Ti multilayers was studied. The thickness of the Py layers was varied in the interval of 8 to 30 angstrom. X-ray reflectivity scans evidence the existence of a well-defined layered structure in all the samples considered, but also the presence of a complex intermixed interface. The shape of both the temperature dependence of magnetization and the hysteresis loops of the multilayered structures depends strongly on Py thickness. Magnetic and reflectivity measurements were comparatively analyzed in order to better understand the structure of the samples, and specifically, their interfaces. In particular, the presence of small superparamagnetic Py at the interfaces of the samples, especially evident in the samples with the thinnest Py layers, seems confirmed by the magnetic measurements, agreeing well with the reflectivity results.The research was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Agreement No. 02.A03.21.0006) and by the Spanish projects MAT2014-58034-R (MINECO/AEI/FEDER, EU) and PEII-2014-042-P (JCCM/FEDER, EU)

ATR-SEIRAS study of CO adsorption and oxidation on Rh modified Au(111-25 nm) film electrodes in 0.1 M H2SO4

Rh modified Au(111-25 nm) electrodes, prepared by electron beam evaporation and galvanostatic deposition, were employed to study adsorption and electro-oxidation of CO on Rh in 0.1 M sulfuric acid solution by in situ attenuated total reflection surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR-SEIRAS). The results of ATR-SEIRAS experiments were compared with those obtained by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy on three low-index Rh single crystal surfaces. The Rh film deposited on Au(111-25 nm) electrode consists of 3D clusters forming a highly stepped [n(111) × (111)]-like surface with narrow (111) terraces. When CO was dosed at the hydrogen adsorption potential region, CO adsorbed in both atop (COL) and bridge (COB) configurations, as well as coadsorbed water species, were detected on the Rh film electrode. A partial interconversion of spectroscopic bands due to the CO displacement from bridge to atop sites was found during the anodic potential scan, revealing that there is a potential-dependent preference of CO adsorption sites on Rh surfaces. Our data indicate that CO oxidation on Rh electrode surface in acidic media involves coadsorbed water and follows the nucleation and growth model of a Langmuir-Hinshelwood type reaction.The work was supported by the Research Center Jülich, the University of Bern, Swiss National Science Foundation (200020_144471, 200021-124643), the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (project CTQ2013-44083-P) and University of Alicante. QX acknowledges fellowships of the Research Center Jülich; IP acknowledges support by COST Action TD 1002; and AK acknowledges the financial support by CTI Swiss Competence Centers for Energy Research (SCCER Heat and Electricity Storage)

Level of quality of life and health self-care in university students of health sciences at the National University of Villa María

The purpose of this study is the analysis of self - perceived quality of life and self-care of university students in their first years of Health Sciences Degrees at Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Humanas (IAPCH) - National University of Villa María (UNVM). Methods: An observational, descriptive and correlational, cross-sectional design was implemented to conduct this study. It involved all the students in the first three years of the Medicine and Occupational Therapy degrees, with an estimated total of 280 students. The socio-demographics considered were: age, gender, origin and level of education of the immediate family members (father, mother and brother/sister). The Quality of Life assessment was carried out based on the SF-36 and the self-care assessment was performed according to the “Appraisal of the Capacity for Self-Care Agency Scale”. Results: Regarding quality of life, the Physical Component Summary (PCS) is higher than the Mental Component Summary (MCS) and with regard to the analysis based on gender, men revealed a higher perceived quality of life in both the physical and mental aspects. Women revealed a lower perceived quality of life regarding their physical functioning, emotional role, vitality, mental health, social role, bodily pain and general health. The analysis of self – care capacity showed that the total score in men and women corresponds to a medium level of self-care capacity, however, the highest proportion, in men as well as in women, was found in the category of low self-care capacity.Fil: Romero, D. E.. Universidad Nacional de Villa Maria. Instituto Academico de Ciencias Humanas; ArgentinaFil: Gili, Juan Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno". CEMIC-CONICET; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Villa Maria. Instituto Academico de Ciencias Humanas; ArgentinaFil: Trecco, P.. Universidad Nacional de Villa Maria. Instituto Academico de Ciencias Humanas; ArgentinaFil: Torres, V.. Universidad Nacional de Villa Maria. Instituto Academico de Ciencias Humanas; ArgentinaFil: Chiriotti, V.. Universidad Nacional de Villa Maria. Instituto Academico de Ciencias Humanas; ArgentinaFil: Fernández, A. R.. Universidad Nacional de Villa Maria. Instituto Academico de Ciencias Humanas; Argentin

On the Weyl transverse frames in type I spacetimes

We apply a covariant and generic procedure to obtain explicit expressions of the transverse frames that a type I spacetime admits in terms of an arbitrary initial frame. We also present a simple and general algorithm to obtain the Weyl scalars $\Psi_2^T$, $\Psi_0^T$ and $\Psi_4^T$ associated with these transverse frames. In both cases it is only necessary to choose a particular root of a cubic expression.Comment: 12 pages, submitted to Gen. Rel. Grav. (6-3-2004