Características psicológicas que influyen en las lesiones deportivas de triatletas amateurs de Yucatán, México

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las relaciones entre las características psicológicas con las lesiones deportivas en triatletas amateurs de Yucatán, México. Se aplicaron los siguientes instrumentos: Inventario Psicológico de Ejecución Deportiva (IPED), Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT), Cuestionario de Percepción de las causas de las Lesiones en el Triatleta (CPELT) y Autoinforme de características del entrenamiento y de lesiones. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 50 triatletas, 33 hombres (66%) y 17 mujeres (34%) con una media de edad de 24.47 en un rango de 15 a 48 años. Se encontraron relaciones significativas del número de lesiones con factores del IPED y del CPELT. Además la ansiedad competitiva, el control de afrontamiento negativo del IPED y el factor de medidas preventivas del CPELT obtuvieron un mejor valor de predicción para las lesiones deportivas.The aim of this research was to analyze the relation between the psychological characteristics with the sport injuries in amateur triathletes from Yucatan, Mexico. The next instruments were applied: Psychological Inventory of Sports Performance (IPED), Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT), Questionnaire of Perceived causes of Injuries in Triathletes (CPELT) and Self-report of training and injuries features. The sample was composed of 50 triathletes, 33 men (66%) and 17 women (34%) with a mean age of 24.47 in a range of 15 to 48 years. Significant relationships were found in the number of sport injuries with IPED and CPELT factors. Furthermore, the competitive anxiety, coping negative control from IPED and prevention measures factor from CPELT gained a better predictive value for sports injuries.O objectivo deste trabalho foi analisar as relações entre as características psicológicas e as lesões desportivas em triatletas amadores de Yucatán, México. Foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos: Inventário Psicológico de Execução Desportiva (IPED), Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT), Questionário de Percepção das causas das Lesões desportivas em Triatletas (QPELT) e um questionário individual de características de treino e de lesões. A amostra foi composta por 50 triatletas, 33 homens (66%) e 17 mulheres (34%) com uma média de idades de 24.47 compreendidas entre os 15 e os 48 anos. Verificaram-se relações significativas entre o número de lesões e os factores do IPED e do QPELT. Adicionalmente, a ansiedade competitiva, o controlo de coping negativo do IPED e o factor medidas preventivas do QPELT obtiveram um melhor valor preditivo para as lesões desportivas

Perfeccionismo percibido y expresión de ira en deportistas varones adolescentes: Influencia sobre la autoestima

The aim of this research is the analysis of the influences of dimensions such as perfectionism and expression anger on self-esteem, pillar on which personality is built. 229 athletes, male, football (N = 130) and basketball players (N = 99), aged between 13 and 17 years (M = 14.43; DS = 1.367), took part in this research. Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-NA), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) and socio-demographic questionnaires were distributed. The results of correlational analyses show how the dimensions of maladaptive perfectionism are associated with lower self-esteem; in contrast, some dimensions of maladaptive perfectionism were found. Anger feature dimension is correlated in reverse order to self-esteem. Moreover, the indicators of adaptative perfectionism –Organization and Personal Standards- associate a higher sense of self-steem; as opposed to maladaptive perfectionist tendencies. The evaluation of such variables in sports allows to design prevention programs health and/or stimulation of adaptive behaviors for team sports.La presente investigación pretende analizar la influencia de las dimensiones de perfeccionismo y expresión de la ira sobre la autoestima, pilar sobre el que se construye la personalidad. Participaron 229 deportistas, varones, practicantes de fútbol (n = 130) y baloncesto (n = 99); con edades entre 13 y 17 años (M = 14.43; DE = 1.367). Se administraron a los participantes: Escala Multidimensional de Perfeccionismo (FMPS), Inventario de expresión de ira estado-rasgo (STAXI-NA), Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (EAR) y cuestionario sociodemográfico ad-hoc. Los resultados del análisis correlacional revelan cómo las dimensiones de perfeccionismo desadaptativo se relacionan con menor autoestima; contrario a lo hallado con algunas dimensiones de perfeccionismo adaptativo. La dimensión ira rasgo se correlaciona de forma inversa con autoestima. Además, los indicadores de perfeccionismo adaptativo –Organización y Estándares Personales- se asocian de forma significativa una mayor percepción de autoestima de los jugadores; en contraposición a lo que ocurre con quienes presentan tendencias perfeccionistas desadaptativas. La evaluación de este tipo de variables en el ámbito deportivo permite diseñar programas de prevención de la salud y/o estimulación de conductas adaptativas para deportes de equipo

Assessment of Food Sources and the Intake of the Colourless Carotenoids Phytoene and Phytofluene in Spain.

Phytoene (PT) and phytofluene (PTF), colorless carotenoids, have largely been ignored in food science studies, food technology, and nutrition. However, they are present in commonly consumed foods and may have health-promotion effects and possible uses as cosmetics. The goal of this study is to assess the most important food sources of PT and PTF and their dietary intakes in a representative sample of the adult Spanish population. A total of 62 food samples were analyzed (58 fruit and vegetables; seven items with different varieties/color) and carotenoid data of four foods (three fruits and one processed food) were compiled. PT concentration was higher than that of PTF in all the foods analyzed. The highest PT content was found in carrot, apricot, commercial tomato juice, and orange (7.3, 2.8, 2.0, and 1.1 mg/100 g, respectively). The highest PTF level was detected in carrots, commercial tomato sauce and canned tomato, apricot, and orange juice (1.7, 1.2, 1.0, 0.6, and 0.04 mg/100 g, respectively). The daily intakes of PT and PTF were 1.89 and 0.47 mg/person/day, respectively. The major contributors to the dietary intake of PT (98%) and PTF (73%) were: carrot, tomato, orange/orange juice, apricot, and watermelon. PT and PTF are mainly supplied by vegetables (81% and 69%, respectively). Considering the color of the edible part of the foods analyzed (fruit, vegetables, sauces, and beverages), the major contributor to the daily intake of PT and PTF (about 98%) were of red/orange color.post-print1287 K

In vitro and in vivo effects of lutein against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity

This is peer reviewed version of the following article Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology 68.4 (2016): 197-204, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.etp.2016.01.003Introduction: Cisplatin is a commonly prescribed drug that produces ototoxicity as a side effect. Lutein is a carotenoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties previously tested for eye, heart and skin diseases but not evaluated to date in ear diseases. Aim: To evaluate the protective effects of lutein on HEI-OC1 auditory cell line and in a Wistar rat model of cisplatin ototoxicity. Materials and Methods: In vitro study: Culture HEI-OC1 cells were exposed to lutein (2.5-100 μM) and to 25 μM cisplatin for 24 h. In vivo study: Twenty eight female Wistar rats were randomized into three groups. Group A (n = 8) received intratympanic lutein (0.03 mL) (1 mg/mL) in the right ear and saline solution in the left one to determine the toxicity of lutein. Group B (n = 8) received also intraperitoneal cisplatin (10 mg/kg) to test the efficacy of lutein against cisplatin ototoxicity. Group C (n = 12) received intratympanic lutein (0.03 mL) (1 mg/mL) to quantify lutein in cochlear fluids (30 min, 1 h and 5 days after treatment). Hearing function was evaluated by means of Auditory Steady-State Responses before the procedure and 5 days after (groups A and B). Morphological changes were studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results: In vitro study: Lutein significantly reduced the cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in the HEI-OC1 cells when they were pre-treated with lutein concentrations of 60 and 80 μM. In vivo study: Intratympanic lutein (1 mg/mL) application showed no ototoxic effects. However it did not achieve protective effect against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in Wistar rats. Conclusions: Although lutein has shown beneficial effects in other pathologies, the present study only obtained protection against cisplatin ototoxicity in culture cells, but not in the in vivo model. The large molecule size, the low dose administered, and restriction to diffusion in the inner ear could account for this negative result.Research supported by a Spanish FIS Grant EI 11/00742

Actividades interdisciplinares universidad-institutos de enseñanza secundaria

Durante los cursos académicos 2009/2011 profesores universitarios y de enseñanza secundaria, hemos desarrollado una serie de proyectos destinados a mejorar el nivel académico de los alumnos que ingresan en la universidad, concretamente en los estudios de ingeniería. En el presente artículo se describe una experiencia interdisciplinar basa en el aprendizaje basado en problemas, que se enmarca dentro de un proyecto más amplio que comenzó a desarrollarse en el curso 2009-2010 y continuará en el curso 2012-13

A global perspective on carotenoids: metabolism, biotechnology, and benefits for nutrition and health.

Carotenoids are lipophilic isoprenoid compounds synthesized by all photosynthetic organisms and some non-photosynthetic bacteria and fungi. With some notable exceptions, animals (including humans) do not produce carotenoids de novo but take them in their diets. In photosynthetic systems carotenoids are essential for photoprotection against excess light and contribute to light harvesting, but perhaps they are best known for their properties as natural pigments in the yellow to red range. Carotenoids can be associated to fatty acids, sugars, proteins, or other compounds that can change their physical and chemical properties and influence their biological roles. Furthermore, oxidative cleavage of carotenoids produces smaller molecules such as apocarotenoids, some of which are important pigments and volatile (aroma) compounds. Enzymatic breakage of carotenoids can also produce biologically active molecules in both plants (hormones, retrograde signals) and animals (retinoids). Both carotenoids and their enzymatic cleavage products are associated with other processes positively impacting human health. Carotenoids are widely used in the industry as food ingredients, feed additives, and supplements. This review, contributed by scientists of complementary disciplines related to carotenoid research, covers recent advances and provides a perspective on future directions on the subjects of carotenoid metabolism, biotechnology, and nutritional and health benefits

Levels of Cognitive Congruence between Managers and Team Members' Perceptions of Cooperation at Work

Much of the research on the psychological dynamics of performance teams suffers from the following limitations: consideration of only one theoretical framework and analysis of just one perspective (e.g., manager-coach or team member). To address these shortcomings, this study used a Global Cooperation concept that synthesized five psychological frameworks: coordination, cohesion, cooperation, integration, and identification. The objective of this study was to examine the level of congruence-symmetry between the two perspectives and the tendency for managers-coaches and team members to reduce cognitive dissonance in the perception of global cooperation. To this end, 108 managers-coaches and members of performance teams were studied (range: 23−60 years old) using a Cooperative Workteam Questionnaire (CWQ). Results revealed that the greatest amount of asymmetry was observed in Global Cooperation and Emotional Cooperation, while less asymmetry was found in Personal Growth, and good congruence-fit in Conditioned Cooperation. Results are discussed in terms of their theoretical meaning and practical implications for interventions on performance teams

Estudios sobre la reproducción sexual en el olivo

Trabajo presentado a las VI Jornadas Internacionales de Olivar Ecológico. Ecoliva, celebradas en Puente de Génave (Jaén) en 2007.El olivo es una planta de gran importancia agronómica en los países mediterráneos, y muy especialmente en nuestra región. Nuestro grupo viene tradicionalmente estudiando numerosos aspectos de la reproducción sexual de dicha especie, tales como el desarrollo del polen, sus características (viabilidad y capacidad de germinación), el desarrollo del gineceo, los procesos de fertilización, la formación y maduración del fruto, etc. Para estos estudios utilizamos distintos métodos que incluyen desde la observación morfológica mediante técnicas de microscopía óptica, microscopía electrónica de transmisión, barrido y microscopía confocal, hasta técnicas de aislamiento y caracterización de proteínas y genes implicados en dichos procesos. Todos estos estudios nos están ayudando a comprender el sistema de reproducción sexual del olivo, una planta en la que la presencia de mecanismos de autoincompatibilidad polen-pistilo con bases aparentemente genéticas y ambientales, está empezando a ser estudiada. Otra línea de investigación en curso en nuestro grupo es aquella que se refiere al estudio de determinadas proteínas del grano de polen con funciones clave en su desarrollo y en la germinación y crecimiento del tubo polínico, y que además exhiben carácter alergénico para algunos individuos. Las características moleculares y el contenido de estos alérgenos varían significativamente entre cultivares de olivo, lo cual hace especialmente interesante su estudio en la fisiología del grano de polen, además de las implicaciones clínicas que de ello se derivan.Los resultados obtenidos en este campo se engloban en dos proyectos de investigación (AGL2003-00719 y BFU 2004-00601/BFI). Los resultados descritos han sido obtenidos gracias a la financiación de diversas instituciones públicas, esencialmente, los proyectos del Plan Nacional de I+D+i mencionados anteriormente y varios planes de formación de personal investigador de dicho programa, así como de la AECI y del programa I3P-CSIC.Peer reviewe

Informe de investigación COVID19: Voces de docentes y familias

Proyecto Atlántid

Crocins-rich tomato extracts showed enhanced protective effects in vitro

Crocins are high-value water soluble pigments that have long been recognized for their medicinal properties, and whose demand has increased worldwide in recent years. In the present study transgenic tomato fruits engineered for the production of crocins and hp3/Bsh tomato mutants with alterations in the carotenoid metabolism, have been combined to increase the levels of crocins in tomato fruits. Tomato fruits from F4 plants showed high antioxidant capacity and the crocin-rich juice of the produced tomato fruit was protected neuroblastoma cells against oxidative insult, through its ability to activate factor 2 related to nuclear erythroid factor 2 (Nrf2). The bio-accessibility of crocins in the juice showed values similar to the ones observed with saffron. Overall, our results support that crocin-fortified tomatoes could result in higher crocin availability and have additional health-promoting effects and could provide better protection against oxidative stress related chronic diseases in humans.This work was supported by grants BIO2016-77000-R, PID2020-114761RB-I00 from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades and SBPLY/17/180501/000234 and SBPLY/21/180501/000064 from the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (co-financed European Union FEDER funds) and HARNESSTOM, contract number 101000716 Innovation Action EC-H2020-SFS-2020-1. GD and AG are participants of the European COST action CA18210 (ROXY).Peer reviewe