Pérdida/ adquisición de dialectos del español

Este artículo describe aspectos del proceso de pérdida/adquisición del español chileno y el español venezolano. Los datos fueron obtenidos de un estudio de casos de una familia chileno-venezolana residente en Venezuela. Los procedimientos de recolección de datos fueron la observación y la introspección. Los resultados revelaron pérdida del español chileno, especialmente a nivel fonológico y léxico. Los daros obtenidos sobre el proceso de pérdida se interpretaron como consistentes con la hipótesis de inaccesibilidad circunstancial del conocimiento (Weltens 1989). En relación con la adquisición de ambos dialectos, los datos permitieron establecer similitudes con una segunda lengua en cuanto a la utilización de estrategias de adquisición y de comunicación, y a la influencia de variables socioafectivas

Upgrade of the HIVIPP Deposition Apparatus for Nuclear Physics Thin Targets Manufacturing

The High Energy Vibrational Powder Plating (HIVIPP) technique allows for the preparation of targets starting from refractory metal powders with negligible material losses during the process, thus preserving the expensive isotope-enriched materials. An upgraded HIVIPP apparatus was developed at the Legnaro National Laboratory of the National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN-LNL), and it is reported in this work. Particular attention was paid to the design of the sample holder, the automation of the power supply, and the control of the process, all with the aim of obtaining a versatile and reliable apparatus. Several tests have been carried out and the related results are reported proving the flexibility of the apparatus and the process reproducibility. The main result is a 'ready to use' technology at INFN-LNL for the preparation of isotopically enriched refractory metal targets that cannot be manufactured using standard techniques

Los problemas abiertos como instrumento para integrar los conocimientos motivando las competencias

Las tendencias actuales respecto a los perfiles de los futuros ingenieros y las metodologías a ser utilizadas para su formación llevan a desarrollar nuevas actividades que motiven y estimulen a los alumnos a profundizar los temas desarrollados en la materia Física I sumando conocimientos y/o habilidades que, si bien no están relacionadas directamente con el trabajo, contribuyen significativamente a su crecimiento personal y/o grupal. Esto nos llevó a desarrollar diversas consignas abiertas, es decir: que podían ser abordadas, desarrolladas e implementadas desde diferentes puntos de vista, que denominamos “Problemas Abiertos”. En este trabajo desarrollaremos una de estas experiencias; comenzando con una breve descripción de la consigna, y luego, nos enfocaremos en el trabajo realizado por los alumnos, la manera en la que ellos se organizaron para llevar adelante la tarea, como así también en las conclusiones a las cuales llegaron luego de realizar dicha actividad. Analizaremos el trabajo realizando un enfoque global y particular del grupo de trabajo y de sus integrantes, realizando una evaluación por competencias. Luego de esto, se propondrán modificaciones y/o mejoras que permitan optimizar actividades futuras de este tipo.Facultad de Ingenierí

Desempeño fotoeletroquímico de nanoestruturas de niobio obtenidas por anodización: efecto de la concentración de glicerol / Desempenho fotoeletroquímico das nanoestruturas de nióbio obtidas por anodização: efeito da concentração de glicerol

Se han realizado muchos estudios sobre el comportamiento de nanotubos de dióxido de titanio (TiO2) para aplicaciones fotocatalíticas. Sin embargo, se han reportado pocos estudios involucrando metales como niobio (Nb). Los óxidos de niobio presentan propiedades catalíticas muy similares a las del TiO2, con la ventaja de que Brasil concentra el 96% de las reservas mundiales de Nb. Procesos que utilizan técnicas electroquímicas como anodización han sido empleados para la obtención de sólidos nanoporosos en metales. En este estudio, las muestras de metales de niobio fueron anodizadas a 90V durante 90 minutos. El electrolito utilizado en la anodización fue una mezcla de glicerol, NH4F y agua. Las muestras anodizadas fueron tratadas térmicamente a 450°C en atmósfera de N2 por 60 minutos. La caracterización estructural fue realizada por difracción de rayos-X y microscopía electrónica de barrido. El desempeño fotoelectroquímico fue evaluado mediante ensayos de fotocorriente en solución de KOH 0,1 M con diferentes concentraciones de glicerol: 0,1 M y 0,2 M. Se constató la presencia de nanotubos de óxido de Nb luego de la anodización, lo que puede haber contribuido a mejorar  el desempeño fotoelectroquímico de los sistemas evaluados. La adición de glicerol a la solución de KOH 0,1 M contribuye al aumento del desempeño fotoelectroquímico.

Use of products of the wine industry in diets for goats: Effect on total apparent digestibility and ruminal degradability in situ

El objetivo del siguiente trabajo fue evaluar la incorporación de ensilado de orujo de uva en dietas para caprinos. La dietas suministradas fueron: heno de alfalfa 100% (D0) y heno de alfalfa + ensilado de orujo de uva (1kg/día/cabra) (D1). Las variables analizadas fueron CMST, CMSF, CTFDN, CTFDA, CTPB, CMSTD, TS, F/O, DTAIVMS, de la FDN, FDA y PB. Se evaluaron parámetros ruminales como pH ruminal y degradabilidad ruminal in situ. El CMST y CMSF, disminuyó linealmente (p 0,05). La DTAIV de la MS consumida como de la FDN, FDA, PB y el CMSTD fue menor (p 0,05) entre los tratamientos. El pH ruminal promedio de D1 registró una tendencia (p= 0,094) a ser mayor que D0. El área bajo la curva y las horas con valores de pH menores a 6, no verificaron efectos (p> 0,05) entre las dietas. La DEGRIMS del ensilado de orujo de uva, para las 24 horas de incubación, fue un 11,9 % menor (p 0.05). The DTAIV of the MS consumed as FDN, FDA, PB and CMSTD was lower (p 0.05) between treatments. The average ruminal pH of D1 showed a trend (p = 0.094) to be greater than D0. The area under the curve and hours with pH values below 6 not verified effects (p> 0.05). The DEGRIMS of grape pomace silage, for 24 hours of incubation was 11.9% lower (p <0.05) than the diet D0. For 48 hours incubation a trend (p = 0.095) to differ between treatments was observed. It can be concluded that although the nutritional value of grape pomace is limited, their interest could be related to maintenance diets, interesting in feeding the goats aspect considering the cost and the problem of their disposal as environmental waste.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Simultaneous storage of medical images in the spatial and frequency domain: A comparative study

BACKGROUND: Digital watermarking is a technique of hiding specific identification data for copyright authentication. This technique is adapted here for interleaving patient information with medical images, to reduce storage and transmission overheads. METHODS: The patient information is encrypted before interleaving with images to ensure greater security. The bio-signals are compressed and subsequently interleaved with the image. This interleaving is carried out in the spatial domain and Frequency domain. The performance of interleaving in the spatial, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) coefficients is studied. Differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) is employed for data compression as well as encryption and results are tabulated for a specific example. RESULTS: It can be seen from results, the process does not affect the picture quality. This is attributed to the fact that the change in LSB of a pixel changes its brightness by 1 part in 256. Spatial and DFT domain interleaving gave very less %NRMSE as compared to DCT and DWT domain. CONCLUSION: The Results show that spatial domain the interleaving, the %NRMSE was less than 0.25% for 8-bit encoded pixel intensity. Among the frequency domain interleaving methods, DFT was found to be very efficient

Distinguishing Parkinson's disease from atypical parkinsonian syndromes using PET data and a computer system based on support vector machines and Bayesian networks

Differentiating between Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS) is still a challenge, specially at early stages when the patients show similar symptoms. During last years, several computer systems have been proposed in order to improve the diagnosis of PD, but their accuracy is still limited. In this work we demonstrate a full automatic computer system to assist the diagnosis of PD using 18F-DMFP PET data. First, a few regions of interest are selected by means of a two-sample t-test. The accuracy of the selected regions to separate PD from APS patients is then computed using a support vector machine classifier. The accuracy values are finally used to train a Bayesian network that can be used to predict the class of new unseen data. This methodology was evaluated using a database with 87 neuroimages, achieving accuracy rates over 78%. A fair comparison with other similar approaches is also provided.This work is part of a project approved by the Andalucía Talent Hub Program launched by the Andalusian Knowledge Agency, co-funded by the European Union's Seventh Framework Program, Marie Sklodowska-Curie actions (COFUND Grant Agreement no 291780) and the Ministry of Economy, Innovation, Science and Employment of the Junta de Andalucía. The work was also supported by the University of Granada (Spain), the University for Munich (Germany), the MICINN (Spain) under the TEC2012–34306 project and the Consejera de Innovacin, Ciencia y Empresa (Junta de Andaluca, Spain) under the P11–TIC–7103 excellence project

The efficacy of penile duplex ultrasound in erectile dysfunction management decision-making: facing the opinion leader

Erectile dysfunction (ED) poses a significant challenge in clinical practice, necessitating accurate diagnostic strategies to distinguish between organic and psychogenic causes. Current guidelines advocate a comprehensive approach involving medical history, physical examination and blood tests, with second-level analyses like the intracavernous injection of vasoactive drugs (ICI test) and penile duplex ultrasound (PDU) reserved for specific cases. A survey involving 24 urologists experienced in ED was conducted to assess their opinions on the appropriateness of the ICI test and PDU in six clinical scenarios. Results were analyzed using pie charts, revealing varied preferences among experts. The responses indicated diverse viewpoints, with preferences for the ICI test or PDU depending on the patient’s age, comorbidities, response to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) and concomitant Peyronie’s disease. In some cases, a significant proportion of experts opted for neither test. The study highlights the lack of consensus among experts regarding the routine use of PDU in ED management. Despite its diagnostic capabilities, the clinical utility of PDU remains unclear, and its role may be more justified in certain populations with anatomical abnormalities or specific conditions. The need for rigorous research to determine the impact of PDU on ED management decision-making is emphasized

Scaling slowly rotating asteroids with stellar occultations

Context. As evidenced by recent survey results, the majority of asteroids are slow rotators (spin periods longer than 12 h), but lack spin and shape models because of selection bias. This bias is skewing our overall understanding of the spins, shapes, and sizes of asteroids, as well as of their other properties. Also, diameter determinations for large (>60 km) and medium-sized asteroids (between 30 and 60 km) often vary by over 30% for multiple reasons. Aims. Our long-term project is focused on a few tens of slow rotators with periods of up to 60 h. We aim to obtain their full light curves and reconstruct their spins and shapes. We also precisely scale the models, typically with an accuracy of a few percent. Methods. We used wide sets of dense light curves for spin and shape reconstructions via light-curve inversion. Precisely scaling them with thermal data was not possible here because of poor infrared datasets: large bodies tend to saturate in WISE mission detectors. Therefore, we recently also launched a special campaign among stellar occultation observers, both in order to scale these models and to verify the shape solutions, often allowing us to break the mirror pole ambiguity. Results. The presented scheme resulted in shape models for 16 slow rotators, most of them for the first time. Fitting them to chords from stellar occultation timings resolved previous inconsistencies in size determinations. For around half of the targets, this fitting also allowed us to identify a clearly preferred pole solution from the pair of two mirror pole solutions, thus removing the ambiguity inherent to light-curve inversion. We also address the influence of the uncertainty of the shape models on the derived diameters. Conclusions. Overall, our project has already provided reliable models for around 50 slow rotators. Such well-determined and scaled asteroid shapes will, for example, constitute a solid basis for precise density determinations when coupled with mass information. Spin and shape models in general continue to fill the gaps caused by various biases