Additional file 1: of Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between energy intake and BMI z-score in European children

Baseline and follow-up characteristics (mean and SD) of exposure and outcome variates given by sex and age group at baseline for MVPA-subgroup. (DOCX 21 kb

Association between parental consumer attitudes and their children’s taste preferences¹.

<p>Association between parental consumer attitudes and their children’s taste preferences<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0200413#t002fn002" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Association between parental consumer attitudes and their children’s food consumption¹.

<p>Association between parental consumer attitudes and their children’s food consumption<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0200413#t003fn002" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Influence of parental ISCED level on their consumer attitudes¹.

<p>Influence of parental ISCED level on their consumer attitudes<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0200413#t004fn002" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Characteristics (total number and percentages or mean and standard deviation (SD)) of exposure and outcome variables given by boys and girls.

<p>Characteristics (total number and percentages or mean and standard deviation (SD)) of exposure and outcome variables given by boys and girls.</p

Selection of key indicators for European policy monitoring and surveillance for dietary behaviour, physical activity and sedentary behaviour

Background: A pan-European approach to evaluate policy impact on health behaviour requires the employment of a consensus set of established and relevant indicators. Methods: As part of the Joint Programming Initiative on a Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life, the Policy Evaluation Network PEN identified key indicators of health behaviours and their determinants. These key indicators are already, or have the potential to be, adopted by large European Union surveillance systems for the assessment of policy impact. The iterative selection process included consultations in two rounds via email prior to a 2-days expert workshop. The experts collated a list of dietary behaviour, physical activity and sedentary behaviour indicators for European policy monitoring in young and adult populations based on existing frameworks and literature reviews. The expert panel was composed of researchers, policy makers and representatives of major European surveillance systems and related initiatives, as well as, representatives of organisations providing monitoring data, such as the European Commission and Eurostat. Results: The process provided two lists of key indicators including 37 diet ‘policy’ indicators and 35 indicators for dietary behaviour and their ‘determinants’; as well as 32 physical activity ‘policy’ indicators and 35 indicators for physical activity, sedentary behaviour and their ‘determinants’. Conclusion: A total of 139 key indicators related to the individual, the setting and the population level, and suitable for the assessment of dietary behaviour, physical activity and sedentary behaviour were prioritised by policy makers and researchers with the ultimate aim to embed policy evaluation measures in existing surveillance systems across the European Union. In a next step, data sources and suitable instruments will be identified to assess these key indicators

Potentially modifiable determinants of malnutrition in older adults: A systematic review

Background & aims: Malnutrition in older adults results in significant personal, social, and economic burden. To combat this complex, multifactorial issue, evidence-based knowledge is needed on the modifiable determinants of malnutrition. Systematic reviews of prospective studies are lacking in this area; therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to investigate the modifiable determinants of malnutrition in older adults. Methods: A systematic approach was taken to conduct this review. Eight databases were searched. Prospective cohort studies with participants of a mean age of 65 years or over were included. Studies were required to measure at least one determinant at baseline and malnutrition as outcome at follow-up. Study quality was assessed using a modified version of the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. Pooling of data in a meta-analysis was not possible therefore the findings of each study were synthesized narratively. A descriptive synthesis of studies was used to present results due the heterogeneity of population source and setting, definitions of determinants and outcomes. Consistency of findings was assessed using the schema: strong evidence, moderate evidence, low evidence, and conflicting evidenc