Effekt av surfôr fra kortvarig eng eller langvarig eng på kvalitet i kumelk

Surfôr fra kortvarig eng har gitt høyere andel av flerumettede fettsyrer i melk sammenlignet med surfôr fra langvarig eng men dette har ikke ført til at melka ble mer utsatt for lysindusert oksidasjon. Tilskudd av α-tokoferol økte innholdet av α-tokoferol i melka men hadde ingen effekt på melkas oksidative stabilitet. Surfôr fra kortvarig eng ga høyere innhold av isoflavoner og lavere innhold av lignaner i melk enn surfôr fra langvarig eng

Nicht erreichte Zielgruppen in der Wissenschaftskommunikation: Literatur-Review zu Exklusionsfaktoren und Analyse von Fallbeispielen

Der Zugang zu wissenschaftlichen Inhalten ist in der heutigen Gesellschaft wichtiger denn je, sei es als individuelle Bildungs- und Karrierechance oder als Grundlage für die Teilhabe an gesellschaftlichen und politischen Diskursen. Auf der anderen Seite stehen viele Formen der Wissenschaftskommunikation vor der Herausforderung, dass sie etliche Teile der Bevölkerung nicht erreichen. Dieser Bericht des Projekts „Wissenschaft für Alle“ widmet sich der Frage, wer diese Bevölkerungsgruppen sind, den Gründen für das Nicht-Erreichen und möglichen Lösungswegen. Dazu wurden zum einen nicht erreichte Gruppen und hierfür ursächliche Faktoren in der Literatur identifiziert und zum anderen Praxisprojekte im Bereich Wissenschaftskommunikation analysiert

Genome Sequence of the Saprophyte Leptospira biflexa Provides Insights into the Evolution of Leptospira and the Pathogenesis of Leptospirosis

Leptospira biflexa is a free-living saprophytic spirochete present in aquatic environments. We determined the genome sequence of L. biflexa, making it the first saprophytic Leptospira to be sequenced. The L. biflexa genome has 3,590 protein-coding genes distributed across three circular replicons: the major 3,604 chromosome, a smaller 278-kb replicon that also carries essential genes, and a third 74-kb replicon. Comparative sequence analysis provides evidence that L. biflexa is an excellent model for the study of Leptospira evolution; we conclude that 2052 genes (61%) represent a progenitor genome that existed before divergence of pathogenic and saprophytic Leptospira species. Comparisons of the L. biflexa genome with two pathogenic Leptospira species reveal several major findings. Nearly one-third of the L. biflexa genes are absent in pathogenic Leptospira. We suggest that once incorporated into the L. biflexa genome, laterally transferred DNA undergoes minimal rearrangement due to physical restrictions imposed by high gene density and limited presence of transposable elements. In contrast, the genomes of pathogenic Leptospira species undergo frequent rearrangements, often involving recombination between insertion sequences. Identification of genes common to the two pathogenic species, L. borgpetersenii and L. interrogans, but absent in L. biflexa, is consistent with a role for these genes in pathogenesis. Differences in environmental sensing capacities of L. biflexa, L. borgpetersenii, and L. interrogans suggest a model which postulates that loss of signal transduction functions in L. borgpetersenii has impaired its survival outside a mammalian host, whereas L. interrogans has retained environmental sensory functions that facilitate disease transmission through water

Biomarkers of conversion to alpha-synucleinopathy in isolated rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder

Patients with isolated rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) are commonly regarded as being in the early stages of a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving \u3b1-synuclein pathology, such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, or multiple system atrophy. Abnormal \u3b1-synuclein deposition occurs early in the neurodegenerative process across the central and peripheral nervous systems and might precede the appearance of motor symptoms and cognitive decline by several decades. These findings provide the rationale to develop reliable biomarkers that can better predict conversion to clinically manifest \u3b1-synucleinopathies. In addition, biomarkers of disease progression will be essential to monitor treatment response once disease-modifying therapies become available, and biomarkers of disease subtype will be essential to enable prediction of which subtype of \u3b1-synucleinopathy patients with isolated RBD might develop

Quality of life among Latina breast cancer patients: a systematic review of the literature

Introduction The Latino population is the most rapidly growing ethnic minority in the United States and Latinas have higher rates of advanced breast cancer and more rigorous treatments than White women. However, the literature lacks reviews on quality of life among this population of breast cancer patients. Methods A systematic review of the breast cancer quality of life (QOL) literature was conducted among studies that provided a comparison of mental, physical, social, or sexual QOL between Latinas and other racial/ethnic groups. Of the 375 studies reviewed, 20 quantitative studies and two qualitative studies met criteria for inclusion. Results Latinas were more likely to report poor mental, physical, and social QOL, relative to non-Latinas. Only four studies assessed sexual QOL, making it difficult to draw any conclusions. Of these four QOL domains, the largest disparity was found in the area of mental health in which Latinas reported poorer QOL compared to non-Latina Whites and Blacks. Discussion/conclusions Most quantitative studies revealed either that Latinas consistently evidenced significantly lower QOL than non-Latinas on all measures (6 studies) or reported mixed findings in which Latinas generally demonstrated significantly worse QOL on most, but not all, measures (12 studies) included in the study. Explanatory mechanisms including socio-demographic, treatment-related, and culturally-relevant factors are discussed. Implications for research design, measurement, and clinical work are also included. Implications for cancer survivors Although not entirely consistent, data suggest that Latina breast cancer survivors on average experience worse QOL than non-Latina Whites. Understanding ethnic differences in QOL among breast cancer survivors can inform interventions targeted at improving health status for Latinas

Spin Glass and Antiferromagnetic Behaviour in a Diluted fcc Antiferromagnet

We report on a Monte Carlo study of a diluted Ising antiferromagnet on a fcc lattice. This is a typical model example of a highly frustrated antiferromagnet, and we ask, whether sufficient random dilution of spins does produce a spin glass phase. Our data strongly indicate the existence of a spin glass transition for spin--concentration $p<0.75$: We find a divergent spin glass susceptibility and a divergent spin glass correlation length, whereas the antiferromagnetic correlation length saturates in this regime. Furthermore, we find a first order phase transition to an antiferromagnet for $1\ge p>0.85$, which becomes continuous in the range $0.85>p>0.75$. Finite size scaling is employed to obtain critical exponents. We compare our results with experimental systems as diluted frustrated antiferromagnets as ${\rm Zn_{1-p}Mn_{p}Te}$.Comment: 29 pages (revtex) and 10 figures uuencoded and Z-compresse

Childhood in Sociology and Society: The US Perspective

The field of childhood studies in the US is comprised of cross-disciplinary researchers who theorize and conduct research on both children and youth. US sociologists who study childhood largely draw on the childhood literature published in English. This article focuses on American sociological contributions, but notes relevant contributions from non-American scholars published in English that have shaped and fueled American research. This article also profiles the institutional support of childhood research in the US, specifically outlining the activities of the ‘Children and Youth’ Section of the American Sociological Association (ASA), and assesses the contributions of this area of study for sociology as well as the implications for an interdisciplinary field.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

Gendering the careers of young professionals: some early findings from a longitudinal study. in Organizing/theorizing: developments in organization theory and practice

Wonders whether companies actually have employees best interests at heart across physical, mental and spiritual spheres. Posits that most organizations ignore their workforce – not even, in many cases, describing workers as assets! Describes many studies to back up this claim in theis work based on the 2002 Employment Research Unit Annual Conference, in Cardiff, Wales