Effects on Microbiota Composition after Consumption of Quinoa Beverage Fermented by a Novel Xylose-Metabolizing L. plantarum strain

Demands for novel lactic acid bacteria with potential to be used as probiotics along with healthy fermented plant-based products increase worldwide. In this study, a novel Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P31891 strain with enzymatic capacity to degrade tannins and ferment xylose was used as starter culture for fermentation of a quinoa-based beverage. The probiotic potential of the selected strain was evaluated in healthy volunteers. Twenty participants consumed the beverage for 14 days; microbiota changes in saliva and faecal samples were analyzed by Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP), Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and qPCR; and gastrointestinal well-being and digestive symptoms were recorded. The results indicated that the consumption of the beverage with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P31891 in a probiotic dose (1012 CFU/mL) increased the number of Lactobacillus in the feces but not in saliva. Overall, the bacterial community did not seem to be influenced by the bacterium or by the beverage, as expressed by the diversity indexes, butspecific genera were affected, as reflected in changes in amplicon sequence variants. Consequently, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P31891 showed potential to be categorized as a probiotic strain in the fermented quinoa-based beverage

Imaging of Single Antigens, Antibodies, and Specific Immunocomplex Formation by Scanning Force Microscopy

The most sensitive analytical techniques available today for detecting immuno assay complexes are radio or enzyme immuno analytical techniques, by which quantities of 107-108 analyte molecules can be detected. With the introduction of scanning force microscopy, a new method for detecting biological processes became available. Here, we examine the feasibility of using scanning force microscopy as a biosensitive tool. We demonstrate that single or multiple rabbit anti-human serum albumin molecules form complexes with preadsorbed single human serum albumin molecules on mica. However, no interaction is observed between human immunoglobulin G molecules and preadsorbed single albumin molecules; only separate antigens and antibodies are observed at random positions on the mica. This shows the ability of scanning force microscopy to act as a biosensor for detection of immunocomplexes, and to act as a very powerful tool to study molecule-surface interactions in general

Dapagliflozin and Kidney Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 Infection:An Analysis of the DARE-19 Randomized Controlled Trial

Background and objectives: Patients who were hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection are at high risk of AKI and KRT, especially in the presence of CKD. The Dapagliflozin in Respiratory Failure in Patients with COVID-19 (DARE-19) trial showed that in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, treatment with dapagliflozin versus placebo resulted in numerically fewer participants who experienced organ failure or death, although these differences were not statistically significant. We performed a secondary analysis of the DARE-19 trial to determine the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin on kidney outcomes in the overall population and in prespecified subgroups of participants defined by baseline eGFR. Design, setting, participants, & measurements: The DARE-19 trial randomized 1250 patients who were hospitalized (231 [18%] had eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2) with COVID-19 and cardiometabolic risk factors to dapagliflozin or placebo. Dual primary outcomes (time to new or worsened organ dysfunction or death, and a hierarchical composite end point of recovery [change in clinical status by day 30]), and the key secondary kidney outcome (composite of AKI, KRT, or death), and safety were assessed in participants with baseline eGFR <60 and ≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Results: The effect of dapagliflozin versus placebo on the primary prevention outcome (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.58 to 1.10), primary recovery outcome (win ratio, 1.09; 95% confidence interval, 0.97 to 1.22), and the composite kidney outcome (hazard ratio, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.50 to 1.07) were consistent across eGFR subgroups (P for interaction: 0.98, 0.67, and 0.44, respectively). The effects of dapagliflozin on AKI were also similar in participants with eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.29 to 1.77) and ≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.37 to 1.29). Dapagliflozin was well tolerated in participants with eGFR <60 and ≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Conclusions: The effects of dapagliflozin on primary and secondary outcomes in hospitalized participants with COVID-19 were consistent in those with eGFR below/above 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Dapagliflozin was well tolerated and did not increase the risk of AKI in participants with eGFR below or above 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

The Spirit of Travel

I denna uppsats har två filmer ur kampanjserien The Spirit of Travel från lyxmodevarumärket Louis Vuitton analyserats med syftet att undersöka om det är någon skillnad i att marknadsföra sig med eller utan celebrity endorsement. De frågeställningar jag ämnat besvara är vilka kärnvärden och attribut som kommer tilltals, hur förkroppsligandet skiljer sig åt i de två filmerna samt vilken betydelse en celebritet kan ha för ett varumärke. Filmerna fungerar som reklamkampanj för varumärkets produkter samtidigt som de agerar resekatalog. De båda filmerna utspelas på tropiska destinationer, den ena med ett antal till synes anonyma fotomodeller och den andra med två välkända celebriteter. Studien har utförts med den kvalitativa analysmodellen semiotisk bildanalys vilket jag kombinerat med en retorisk analys då filmerna innehåller både bild, text och berättarröst. Jag har använt mig av en befintlig modell för att undersöka hur mening överförs från varumärke genom celebritet till konsument. Denna modell har jag applicerat på mitt empiriska material för att se vilken typ av identifikationsform vi som mottagare känner gentemot Louis Vuitton och vad det faktiskt är vi mottagare identifierar oss med. Varumärkets vision är att konsumenterna ska se resan som själva upplevelsen och inte destinationen. Varumärkets kärnvärden resa, historia och hantverk framställs tydligt i de båda filmerna. Analysen har visat att celebriteterna förmedlar självsäkerhet, styrka, oräddhet och nyfikenhet. Celebriteterna förhöjer produkterna och får dem att kännas ännu mer exklusiva. Fotomodellerna å andra sidan framstår mer som rekvisita vilket förstärks av de poser de arrangerats i för att framhäva varumärkets produkter. Av analysen utläser jag att de identitetsdrag vi som mottagare borde vilja identifiera oss med förutom kropparna och celebriteternas skönhet, är styrka. Analysen har visat att användningen av celebriteter i marknadsföring således är ett sätt för både celebritet och varumärke att marknadsföra sig genom. En fotomodell är inte kapabel att skapa samma individualisering och karaktärisering i samma utsträckning som en celebritet vilket visat sig tydligt i denna studie.

Sjung för, sjung med och sjung till barn : En studie om hur musicerande situationer förekommer på tre olika förskolora ur ett språkutvecklingsperspektiv

In 1998 years' curriculum for the preschool stands it those children under school age will get possibility that” communicate with the aid of differently expression shapes” and an example that is mentioned in the governing document is song and musical.   The purpose with this study is to examine how the song and the music are used from a language development perspective in three different preschools' activities. In the essay, I review to earlier research around the music’s' and the song's possibilities for the child's linguistic development. In the essay, it is discussed about some important factors that obstruct music situations in the preschool that the curriculum for the preschool (Lpfö98) not specific describes what expression shapes as song and music will contain and that deficiency on musical education at pedagogues.   The method for the study was to collect empirical materials through observations on three different preschools. The observations were structured and the wide study was used a special registration schedule formulated for the study. The field notes described how music situations occur in the daily activity. The study's result was summarized and was processed, and then was linked this to the previous research around the matter. The all in all results show that pedagogues often uses song and musical in the activity, about than in various way, that does not need to be described in the preschools' work plans or week schedules