Study protocol of the German "Registry for the Detection of Late Sequelae after Radiotherapy in Childhood and Adolescence" (RiSK)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Late effects after radiotherapy in childhood and adolescence have mainly been characterized retrospectively with small patient numbers. However, these analyses are limited due to little information regarding organ dose levels in many cases. To overcome this limitation, the German Group of Paediatric Radiation Oncology (APRO) established the „Registry for the evaluation of late side effects after radiation in childhood and adolescence” (RiSK). The study protocol and the documentation forms are given in this publication.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>Radiation parameters including detailed organ doses as well as toxicity evaluations are collected prospectively from centres all over Germany. Standardized documentation forms are used. These forms are given in an English and German version as additional files to this publication. Documentation is planned for all children who receive radiotherapy in one of the therapy trials of the "German Society of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology (GPOH)". The study started in a pilot phase in June 2001 in few centres. Since 2004 documentation has been performed all over Germany and is still on-going.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>To our knowledge, "RiSK" is the only multi-centre study that evaluates radiation associated side effects prospectively with detailed information about organ dose levels. With ongoing recruitment and prolongation of follow-up powerful data will be obtained in a few years. A broad use and international cooperation are welcome.</p

Niçin?

M. Turhan'ın Son Saat'te tefrika edilen Niçin? adlı romanıTefrika yarım kalmıştır. Arşivdeki eksikler nedeniyle tefrikanın tamamlanıp tamamlanmadığı bilinmemektedir

Design and test of the optical fiber assemblies for the scalar magnetic field sensor aboard the JUICE mission

A set of optical fiber assemblies has been developed and successfully qualified for its use on a European space science mission to the icy moons of Jupiter (Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer, JUICE), to be launched in 2022. The paper gives an overview of the design challenges, the test methods used for failure detection and screening of the optical fiber cable assemblies as well as the further testing performed in the frame of a lot acceptance qualification

Über eine Klasse polynomialer Scharen selbstadjungierter Operatoren im Hilbertraum

HEK293A cells expressing either mouse MOG (mMOG) or rat MOG (rMOG) C terminally tagged with EGFP. (DOCX 2792 kb

Spatial variability and potential impacts of climate change on flood and debris flow hazard zone mapping and implications for risk management

The main goals of this study were to identifythe alpine torrent catchments that are sensitive to climatic changes and to assess the robustness of the methods for the elaboration of flood and debris flow hazard zone maps to specific effects of climate changes. In this study, a procedure for the identification and localization of torrent catchments in which the climate scenarios will modify the hazard situation was developed. In two case studies, the impacts of a potential increase of precipitation intensities to the delimited hazard zones were studied. The identification and localization of the torrent and river catchments, where unfavourable changes in the hazard situation occur, could eliminate speculative and unnecessary measures against the impacts of climate changes like a general enlargement of hazard zones or a general over dimensioning of protection structures for the whole territory. The results showed a high spatial variability of the sensitivity of catchments to climate changes. In sensitive catchments, the sediment management in alpine torrents will meet future challenges due to a higher rate for sediment removal from retention basins. The case studies showed a remarkable increase of the areas affected by floods and debris flow when considering possible future precipitation intensities in hazard mapping. But, the calculated increase in extent of future hazard zones lay within the uncertainty of the methods used today for the delimitation of the hazard zones. Thus, the consideration of the uncertainties laying in the methods for the elaboration of hazard zone maps in the torrent and river catchments sensitive to climate changes would provide a useful instrument for the consideration of potential future climate conditions. The study demonstrated that weak points in protection structures in future will become more important in risk management activities

Multivalent nanoparticles bind the retinal and choroidal vasculature

The angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), which is expressed in blood vessels of the posterior eye, is of paramount significance in the pathogenesis of severe ocular diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. However, small molecule angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have not proven to be a significant therapeutic success. We report here on a nanoparticle system consisting of ARB molecules presented in a multivalent fashion on the surface of quantum dots (Qdots). As a result of the multivalent receptor binding, nanoparticles targeted cells with high AT1R expression and inhibited their angiotensin receptor signaling with an IC50 of 3.8 nM while showing only minor association to cells with low AT1R expression. After intravenous injection into the tail vein of mice, multivalent nanoparticles accumulated in retinal and choroidal blood vessels of the posterior eye. At the same time, multivalent ligand display doubled the Qdot concentration in the blood vessels compared to non-targeted Qdots. Remarkably, ARB-targeted Qdots showed no pronounced accumulation in AT1R-expressing off-target tissues such as the kidney. Following systemic application, this multivalent targeting approach has the potential to amplify AT1R blockade in the eye and concomitantly deliver a therapeutic payload into ocular lesions

Analysis of ground-based very low frequency signal recorded onboard CSES satellite

International audienceWe report on the wave spectral intensity variations associated to very low frequency (VLF) signal observed during the minimum of solar cycle 25. The VLF signal is emitted by the ground-based NWC radio station localized in the southern hemisphere, at −21.5°S and 114°E. The variation of NWC radio signals is daily detected by the electric field experiment EFD onboard the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES). This satellite has an altitude of about 507 km in a polar and circular sun-synchronous orbit with local time nodes of 02 LT and 14 LT. We study the spectral intensity variations at the frequency of 19.79 kHz in three specific regions: above the NWC station, around the magnetic equatorial plane, and at the conjugate point. We analyze the electric flux above those key regions and estimate the corresponding intensity levels

Development of Space Magnetometers in Austria

With spaceborne magnetic field measurements it is possible to investigate the interior of planets,moons and asteroids which have either an intrinsic or a crustal magnetic field. Furthermore, preciseknowledge of the magnetic field is essential to derive fundamental information about theenvironment surrounding different bodies in the solar system as well as to explore the interplanetaryspace. [...]<br /

Ionospheric Layer Variability Prior to Strong Earthquakes During Quiet Geomagnetic Conditions

International audienceWe report on electric field measurements recorded by the Electric Field Detector (EFD) and the Instrument Champ Electrique (ICE) onboard, respectively, CSES and DEMETER satellites. We study the variations of Very Low Frequency (VLF) ground-based transmitter signals detected by both satellites during periods of low solar and geomagnetic activities. We consider the variation of VLF power spectra density in the frequency range between few Hertz to 20 kHz. We emphasize on ionospheric disturbances associated to earthquakes occurrences. Such disturbances are linked to waves generated by coupling of neutral particles and electrons related, through the atmosphere, to lithospheric ground displacements. The main peculiarities of seismic ionospheric anomalies are summarized taken into consideration technical complementary of both satellites