Chemistry in Brazil: perspectives and needs for the next decade. Introductory document

Over the past years the Brazilian Chemical Society (SBQ) has been working on different projects related to the development of Chemistry in Brazil. After a discussion throughout the country two documents have been published in Quimica Nova: Mobilizing Axes in Chemistry and The Chemist's Education. Here, we describe the initial document which was the starting point for the discussion of a new series of papers published in this special issue of Quimica Nova which presents an overview of the Chemistry in our country and the perspectives and needs for the next decade.S7S1

Combining the pharmacophore features of coumarins and 1,4-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles to design new acetylcholinesterase inhibitors : fast and easy generation of 4-methylcoumarins/1,2,3-triazoles conjugates via Click Chemistry

Coumarins are a large class of compounds that display a range of interesting biological properties, being considered privileged structures because of the ability of their 2H-chromen-2-one nuclei to bind to multiple pharmacological targets. We hypothesized that the linkage of a second pharmacophore nucleus to the 2H-chromen-2-one core, the 1,2,3-triazole moiety, would entail more selective and pharmacologically active coumarins. Therefore, we describe the synthesis of fourteen 4-methylcoumarins/1,4-substituted 1,2,3-triazole conjugates, which were predicted by in silico methods to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and proved to be moderate in vitro inhibitors of this enzyme. Molecular docking simulations suggest that the most active of these compounds has a putative binding mode similar to donepezil, both occupying the peripheral anionic site of AChE, which is associated with the secondary noncholinergic functions of the enzyme. This highlights the potential of this series for further optimization in the search of new coumarins for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

The Eighteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: Targeting and First Spectra from SDSS-V

The eighteenth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS) is the first one for SDSS-V, the fifth generation of the survey. SDSS-V comprises three primary scientific programs, or "Mappers": Milky Way Mapper (MWM), Black Hole Mapper (BHM), and Local Volume Mapper (LVM). This data release contains extensive targeting information for the two multi-object spectroscopy programs (MWM and BHM), including input catalogs and selection functions for their numerous scientific objectives. We describe the production of the targeting databases and their calibration- and scientifically-focused components. DR18 also includes ~25,000 new SDSS spectra and supplemental information for X-ray sources identified by eROSITA in its eFEDS field. We present updates to some of the SDSS software pipelines and preview changes anticipated for DR19. We also describe three value-added catalogs (VACs) based on SDSS-IV data that have been published since DR17, and one VAC based on the SDSS-V data in the eFEDS field.Comment: Accepted to ApJ

The eighteenth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys : targeting and first spectra from SDSS-V

The eighteenth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS) is the first one for SDSS-V, the fifth generation of the survey. SDSS-V comprises three primary scientific programs, or "Mappers": Milky Way Mapper (MWM), Black Hole Mapper (BHM), and Local Volume Mapper (LVM). This data release contains extensive targeting information for the two multi-object spectroscopy programs (MWM and BHM), including input catalogs and selection functions for their numerous scientific objectives. We describe the production of the targeting databases and their calibration- and scientifically-focused components. DR18 also includes ~25,000 new SDSS spectra and supplemental information for X-ray sources identified by eROSITA in its eFEDS field. We present updates to some of the SDSS software pipelines and preview changes anticipated for DR19. We also describe three value-added catalogs (VACs) based on SDSS-IV data that have been published since DR17, and one VAC based on the SDSS-V data in the eFEDS field.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

6ª Diretriz de monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial e 4ª diretriz de monitorização residencial da pressão arterial

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Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly

Estimation of age and growth and mortality parameters of the sea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus (Ludwig, 1875) and implications for the management of its fishery in the Galapagos Marine Reserve

The fishery of the sea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus was the most important one in the early 2000s in the Galapagos Marine Reserve. Its overexploitation leads to its total closure from 2016 to 2021. At the end of this period, if the co-management system of the Galapagos Marine Reserve decides to open this fishery, a total allowed catch must be established using the methodology of Wolff, Schuhbauer, and Castrejón (2012). The objective of this paper is to evaluate this methodology and improve the total allowed catch calculation. We replicated Wolff et al.‘s methodology that uses the Cadima equation of Maximum Sustainable Yield (in Troadec, 1977). We determined the age and growth parameters of I. fuscus to estimate total mortality and improved the calculation of the area of fishing and habitat of this species in Galapagos to estimate its abundance. We found inconsistences in Wolff et al.‘s estimations of mortality and abundance and we recommend that the Maximum Sustainable Yield be used not as the total allowed catch, but as a limit reference point for this fishery. We propose, instead, to use a dynamic abundance model that is capable of estimating a variety of reference points, including the fishing mortality for optimal fishing that is recommended to use to establish a total allowed catch. In addition, for the first time, the age and growth parameters of I. fuscus for Galapagos and the eastern-central region of the Pacific Ocean are determined (L∞ = 42.5 cm; K = 0.21/year)

Química no Brasil: perspectivas e necessidades para a próxima década - Documento básico Chemistry in Brazil: perspectives and needs for the next decade. Introductory document

Over the past years the Brazilian Chemical Society (SBQ) has been working on different projects related to the development of Chemistry in Brazil. After a discussion throughout the country two documents have been published in Quimica Nova: "Mobilizing Axes in Chemistry" and "The Chemist's Education". Here, we describe the initial document which was the starting point for the discussion of a new series of papers published in this special issue of Quimica Nova which presents an overview of the Chemistry in our country and the perspectives and needs for the next decade

O sujeito na fala fílmica brasileira

The present study, based on a corpus of contemporary Brazilian film dia- logues (Sub-Corpus Carioca Urbano, Corpus I-Fala, Luso-Brazilian Film Dialogues as a resource for L1 & L2 Learning and Linguistic Research), illustrates how Brazilian Portuguese (BP) has undergone a process of change in the representation of referential subjects, with preference for overt pronominal subjects, passing from being a null subject language to being a partial null subject language. Thus, the current work revisits De Rosa (2017) by including 3rd person subjects and using film dialogue transcriptions (not scripts) and discusses the presence of null and overt subjects in the corpus, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The study also compares the filmic data to spontaneous speech and shows a basically conservative nature of the former

Evolution of the Galapagos in the anthropocene

The Galapagos Islands inspired the theory of evolution by means of natural selection; now in the Anthropocene, the Galapagos represent an important natural laboratory to understand ecosystem resilience in the face of climate extremes and enable effective socio-ecological co-evolution under climate change