Perfil proteómico de plasma de corderos recién nacidos alimentados con calostro: resultados preliminares

Comunicaciones a congreso

Understanding seasonal weight loss tolerance in dairy goats: a transcriptomics approach

Research ArticleBackground: Seasonal weight loss (SWL) is a very important limitation to the production of ruminants in the Mediterranean and Tropical regions. In these areas, long dry seasons lead to poor pastures with low nutritional value. During the dry season, ruminants, particularly those raised in extensive production systems, lose around 30% of their body weight. Seasonal weight loss has important consequences on animal productive performance and health. In this study, RNA sequencing was used to characterize feed restriction effects in dairy goat of 2 breeds with different SWL tolerance: Majorera (tolerant) and Palmera (susceptible). Nine Majorera and ten Palmera goats were randomly distributed in a control and a restricted group: Majorera Control (adequately fed; MC; n = 4), Palmera Control (adequately fed; PC; n = 6), Majorera Restricted (feed restricted; ME; n = 5) and Palmera Restricted (feed restricted; PE; n = 4). On day 22 of the trial, mammary gland biopsies were collected for transcriptomics analysis. Results: From these samples, 24,260 unique transcripts were identified. From those, 82 transcripts were differentially expressed between MC and ME, 99 between PC and PE, twelve between both control groups and twenty-nine between both restricted groups. Conclusions: Feed restriction affected several biochemical pathways in both breeds such as: carbohydrate and lipid transport; intracellular trafficking, RNA processing and signal transduction. This research also highlights the importance or involvement of the genes in tolerance (ENPP1, S-LZ, MT2A and GPNB) and susceptibility (GPD1, CTPS1, ELOVL6 and NR4A1) to SWL with respectively higher expression in the Majorera restriced group and the Palmera restricted group in comparison to the control groups. In addition, results from the study may be extrapolated to other dairy ruminant speciesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Synthesis of Bis(3-indolyl)methanes Mediated by Potassium tert-Butoxide

The authors thank the Fundação para a Ciênciae Tecnologia for the fellowship PD/BD/142876/2018.This work was supported by the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry– LAQV which is financed by national funds from FCT/MCTESUIDB/50006/2020,UIDP/50006/2020(LAQV).The National NMR Facility is supported by FCT,ROTEIRO/0031/2013-PINFRA/22161/2016,co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE2020,POCI,andPORLandFCT through PIDDAC)and CERMAX(022162).LBM also thanks to FCT/MCTES for the CEEC-Individual Program Contract(CEECIND/03810/2017)The indole moiety is an important N-heterocycle found in natural products, and a key structural component of many value-added chemicals including pharmaceuticals. In particular, bis(3-indolyl)methanes (BIMs) are an important subgroup of indoles, composed of two indole units. Herein, we report the development of a simple method to access BIMs derivatives in yields of up to 77 % by exploiting a tBuOK-mediated coupling reaction of indoles and benzyl alcohols.publishersversionpublishe

Libido test in young Guzerat bulls and their associations with reproductive traits and serum testosterone levels

Twelve Guzerat bulls from 24 to 34 months olds, andrologically evaluated as normal were submitted to a libido test, to study sexual behaviour in pen, for periods of five, 10 and 15 minutes of observations and associate with andrologic traits (physic and .morphologic aspects of semen), scrotal circumference, breeding soundness evaluation for Zebu, body weight, age and serum testosterone concentrations. It was observed, in a general way, low reply of the animals to the tests, once that half of them were classified with average or high libido. Lower variation in the punctuation between the observation times was verified, with score 3.0 in five minutes and 3.3 in 15 minutes of evaluation (p>0.05). The association between the libido and serum testosterone concentrations (0.78), strengthens the finding of direct influence of this characteristics in the expression of the sexual interest in young Guzerat bulls.Um total de 12 touros da raça Guzerá, de 24 a 34 meses de idade, avaliados andrologicamente, foram submetidos a teste da libido com o objetivo de estudar o comportamento sexual em curral, por cinco, 10 e 15 minutos de observação; e associar com características andrológicas (aspectos físicos: motilidade, vigor, turbilhonamento e concentração espermáticos, e volume do sêmen; e morfológicos: defeitos espermáticos maiores, menores e totais, do sêmen), circunferência escrotal (CE), classificação andrológica por pontos (CAP), peso corporal, idade e concentrações séricas de testosterona. Observou-se, de forma geral, baixa resposta dos animais aos testes, uma vez que menos da metade dos animais foi classificada com libido média ou alta. Verificou-se pequena variação na pontuação entre os tempos de observação, com escore 3,0 em cinco minutos e 3,3 em 15 minutos de avaliação (p>0,05). A associação entre a libido e as concentrações séricas de testosterona (0,78), reforçam o achado de influência desta característica na expressão do interesse sexual em touros jovens Guzerá

Sequence analysis of bitter taste receptor gene repertoires in different ruminant species

Bitter taste has been extensively studied in mammalian species and is associated with sensitivity to toxins and with food choices that avoid dangerous substances in the diet. At the molecular level, bitter compounds are sensed by bitter taste receptor proteins (T2R) present at the surface of taste receptor cells in the gustatory papillae. Our work aims at exploring the phylogenetic relationships of T2R gene sequences within different ruminant species. To accomplish this goal, we gathered a collection of ruminant species with different feeding behaviors and for which no genome data is available: American bison, chamois, elk, European bison, fallow deer, goat, moose, mouflon, muskox, red deer, reindeer and white tailed deer. The herbivores chosen for this study belong to different taxonomic families and habitats, and hence, exhibit distinct foraging behaviors and diet preferences. We describe the first partial repertoires of T2R gene sequences for these species obtained by direct sequencing. We then consider the homology and evolutionary history of these receptors within this ruminant group, and whether it relates to feeding type classification, using MEGA software. Our results suggest that phylogenetic proximity of T2R genes corresponds more to the traditional taxonomic groups of the species rather than reflecting a categorization by feeding strategy

Fácies sedimentares e elementos arquitetônicos das Formações Serra do Apertado e Pedra Pintada na Região das Minas do Camaquã - RS

The Guaritas Group (Cambrian, RS, Southern Brazil) encompasses sedimentary deposits of bedload or mixed load rivers, eolian dune fields and alluvial fans, and constitutes a rare sedimentary record of Cambrian age in Eastern South America. In this context, its uppermost unit, named Serra do Apertado Formation, contains the last record of stabilization phase of the Gondwana Continent in south and southeastern Brazil. Nevertheless, there are no published detailed studies on its facies and depositional architecture, and this unit has been considered as similar to the Guarda Velha Formation since its original definition. Based on sedimentary facies and depositional architecture studies of the Serra do Apertado Formation and the upper portion of its underlying unit, the Pedra Pintada Formation, the depositional environments were characterized and a descriptive basis was established to distinguish them from the other units of the Guaritas Group. The Serra do Apertado Formation is characterized by the architectural element EL (Sheet floods), which encompasses facies associations that points to a fluvial system characterized by large discharge changes and occasional eolian reworking of bar tops. The upper part of the Pedra Pintada Formation intercalates the architectural elements DB (barchanoid dunes) and IF (Fluvial interdunes). The exclusivity of EL in the Serra do Apertado Formation contrasts with previous descriptions of the Guarda Velha Formation, which show elements of channel-fill and frequent conglomeratic lenses. Those differences reveal more eolian reworking in the Serra do Apertado Formation and possibly more episodic flow, suggesting, preliminarily, a dryer climate than the one recorded in the Guarda Velha Formation.O Grupo Guaritas (Cambriano, RS) abriga depósitos de ambientes aluviais dominados por carga de fundo, aluviais de carga mista, campo de dunas eólicas e leques aluviais, constituindo um raro registro sedimentar de idade Cambriana no leste da América do Sul. Nesse contexto, sua unidade de topo, designada Formação Serra do Apertado, constitui o último registro das fases de estabilização do Gondwana no Sul e Sudeste do Brasil. Apesar disso, não há estudos detalhados de suas fácies e arquitetura deposicional publicados, e essa unidade foi considerada como semelhante à Formação Guarda Velha desde sua definição original. Com base em estudos de fácies sedimentares e arquitetura deposicional da Formação Serra do Apertado e da porção superior da unidade imediatamente sotoposta, Formação Pedra Pintada, foram caracterizados seus ambientes de sedimentação e estabelecida uma base descritiva para discriminação das demais unidades do Grupo Guaritas. A Formação Serra do Apertado é caracterizada pelo elemento arquitetural EL (Enchentes em lençol), no qual predominam associações de fácies que remetem a um ambiente fluvial dominado por grandes variações de vazão e esporádico retrabalhamento eólico de barras emersas. A porção superior da Formação Pedra Pintada apresenta intercalações entre os elementos arquitetônicos DB (Dunas barcanoides) e IF (Interdunas fluviais). A exclusividade do elemento EL na Formação Serra do Apertado contrasta com descrições anteriores da Formação Guarda Velha, que relatam elementos de preenchimento de canais e abundância de lentes conglomeráticas. Tais diferenças revelam maior retrabalhamento eólico na Formação Serra do Apertado e, possivelmente, fluxo mais episódico, sugerindo, de forma preliminar, clima mais árido que aquele da Formação Guarda Velha

Provenance analysis of the Guaritas Group (RS) conglomeratic sandstones: implications for the paleoclimate and paleogeography of the Eocambrian Central Camaquã sub-basin

O Supergrupo Camaquã, localizado na região centro-sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, constitui uma bacia sedimentar ­pós-orogênica do tipo rift, cuja deposição ocorreu em ambiente continental entre o Ediacarano e o Eocambriano. O topo da sucessão do Supergrupo Camaquã é representado pelo Grupo Guaritas, uma unidade formada por depósitos fluviais, eólicos e de leques aluviais que abriga importantes registros da sedimentação logo após o final das orogêneses neoproterozoicas que deram origem ao supercontinente Gondwana. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi aplicar a análise de proveniência sedimentar em arenitos conglomeráticos e conglomerados do Grupo Guaritas, a fim de explorar a história da evolução tectônica e climática dessa unidade. Com base nos dados composicionais de seixos, foram reconhecidas duas áreas fonte principais para os depósitos dessa unidade, uma mais distal e situada a norte, relacionada a um sistema de rio tronco paralelo ao eixo principal da bacia, e outra mais proximal e situada a leste, relacionada a sistemas fluviais transversais e de leques aluviais da borda da bacia. O confronto dos dados de proveniência com estudos anteriores de fácies e paleocorrentes sugere que, durante toda a evolução da borda leste da bacia, houve um mesmo sistema fluvial transversal, cuja área de captação sofreu reduções significativas devido à reativação da falha da borda leste durante a deposição das formações Varzinha e Pedra Pintada. Na Formação Serra do Apertado, unidade de topo do Grupo Guaritas, foi verificada uma alta correlação entre a variação dos seixos de composição quartzosa e não quartzosa, e isso foi atribuído a variações entre climas mais úmidos e mais áridos.The Camaquã Supergroup, located in the central-south region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, constitutes a rift-type post-orogenic sedimentary basin, whose deposition occurred in a continental environment between the Ediacaran and the Eocambrian. The upper succession of the Camaquã Supergroup is represented by the Guaritas Group, a unit formed by fluvial, eolian and alluvial fan deposits that keeps important records of the sedimentation right after the end of the neoproterozoic orogenesis that gave rise to the Gondwana supercontinent. The objective of the present work was to apply sedimentary provenance analysis in conglomeratic arenites and conglomerates of the Guaritas Group, in order to explore the climatic and tectonic evolution history of this unit. Based on the pebble compositional data, two main source areas were recognized for the deposits of this unit, a more distal one located to the north, related with a trunk river system parallel to the basin main axis, and a more proximal one located to the east, related to transversal fluvial systems and alluvial fans at the border of the basin. The comparison of the provenance data with previous studies on facies and paleocurrents suggests that, during the entire evolution of the east border of the basin, there was a same transversal fluvial system, whose catchment area suffered significative reductions due to the reactivation of the east border fault during the deposition of the Varzinha and Pedra Pintada Formations. The Serra do Apertado Formation, the upper unit of Guaritas Group, shows a high correlation between the variation of quartzose and non quartzose pebbles composition, and it was attributed to a variation between more humid and more arid climatic conditions

Physiological and proteomic response of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to a bioprotective lactic acid bacterium in a meat environment

The enterohemorrhagic Escherichia (E.) coli (EHEC) is a pathogen of great concern for public health and the meat industry all over the world. The high economic losses in meat industry and the high costs of the illness highlight the necessity of additional efforts to control this pathogen. Previous studies have demonstrated the inhibitory activity of Enterococcus mundtii CRL35 towards EHEC, showing a specific proteomic response during the co-culture. In the present work, additional studies of the EHEC-Ent. mundtii interaction were carried out: i) differential protein expression of E. coli O157:H7 NCTC12900 growing in co-culture with Ent. mundtii in a meat environment, ii) the reciprocal influence between these two microorganisms in the adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and iii) the possible induction of the phage W933, coding for Shiga toxin (Stx1), by Ent. mundtii CRL35. Proteomic analysis showed a significant repression of a number of E. coli NCTC12900 proteins in co-culture respect to its single culture, these mostly related to the metabolism and transport of amino acids and nucleotides. On the other hand, statistically significant overexpression of EHEC proteins involved in stress, energy production, amino acid metabolism and transcription was observed at 30 h respect to 6 h when EHEC grew in co-culture. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD014588. Besides, EHEC showed a decreased adhesion capacity to ECM proteins in the presence of the bioprotective strain. Finally, Ent. mundtii CRL35 did not induce the lytic cycle of W933 bacteriophage, thus indicating its potential safe use for eliminating this pathogen. Overall, this study expands the knowledge of EHEC- Ent. mundtii CRL35 interaction in a meat environment, which will certainly contribute to find out effective biological strategies to eliminate this pathogen.Fil: Orihuel, Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Teran, Lucrecia Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Renaut, Jenny. Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology; LuxemburgoFil: Planchon, Sébastien. Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology; LuxemburgoFil: Valacco, Maria Pia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Masias, Ruth Emilse. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Minahk, Carlos Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Vignolo, Graciela Margarita. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Moreno, Silvia Margarita. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Almeida, André Martinho de. Universidade de Lisboa; PortugalFil: Saavedra, Maria Lucila. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Fadda, Silvina G.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentin

Quality of the eggs of commercial layers fed with sugarcane dry yeast

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito da adição de levedura seca (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) à dieta de poedeiras na qualidade dos ovos. Foram utilizadas 120 poedeiras comerciais com 33 semanas de idade, distribuídas em um delineamento estatístico de blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos (0, 7, 14, 21 e 28% de levedura), quatro repetições e seis aves por unidade experimental. Rações isoprotéicas (18% de proteína bruta), isoenergéticas (2.800 kcal de energia metabolizável/kg), isocálcicas (3,8% Ca) e isofosfóricas (0,38% P disponível) foram formuladas à base de milho e farelo de soja. Os níveis de levedura seca não alteraram o peso do ovo (64,35±0,85 g), a altura do albúmen (7,95±0,22 mm), a unidade Haugh (87,42±1,31), os sólidos totais da gema (50,86±0,20%), o extrato etéreo da gema (30,74±0,26%), a proteína da gema (16,92±0,16%), a gravidade específica do ovo (1,0912±0,001 g/mL), o peso da casca (6,67±0,08 g) e a espessura da casca (0,4671±0,003 mm). Foi observado efeito quadrático na variável cor da gema no terceiro ciclo de postura. A inclusão de até 28% de levedura seca nas rações intensificou a cor da gema e foi considerada uma prática viável pela análise econômica.This work aimed at evaluating the effect of the addition of dry yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to the laying diet on the quality of the eggs. One hundred and twenty chickens with 33 weeks of age were used in a randomized block design, with five treatments (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28% of dried yeast), four replicates and six birds per pen. Diets similar in protein (18% of crude protein), energy (2,800 kcal of metabolizable energy/kg), calcium (3.8%) and in phosphorus (0.38% of available phosphorus) were formulated based on corn and soybean meal. The levels of dry yeast did not affect egg weight (64.35±0.85 g), albumen height (7.95±0.22 mm), Haugh unit (87.42±1.31), total yolk solids (50.86±0.20%), ether extract of yolk (30.74±0.26%), yolk protein (16.92±0.16%), egg specific gravity (1.0912±0.001 g/mL), shell weight (6.67±0.08 g) and shell thickness (0.4671±0.003 mm). Quadratic effect was observed for the variable yolk color in the third laying cycle. The inclusion of dry yeast up to 28% provided increase on yolk color and proved to be economicaly viable