Ingestão de Alimentos Fluidos e Risco de Excesso de Peso em Crianças

A obesidade infantil atinge dimensões epidémicas. Entre os factores alimentares consideradossusceptíveis de aumentar o risco de obesidade, inclui-se o consumo de bebidasaçucaradas e de energia sob a forma líquida.Objectivo: Avaliar a associação entre a ingestão de alimentos fluidos e o excesso de pesoem crianças.Material e métodos: A amostra final do estudo inclui 1675 crianças dos cinco aos 10 deidade (de 35 escolas do Porto), após eliminar os questionários incorrectamente preenchidosou com valores implausíveis de ingestão energética. Depois de recebermos as declaraçõesde consentimento informado preenchidas e assinadas pelos respectivos pais/encarregados de educação, avaliámos o peso e a altura de acordo com os procedimentosinternacionalmente recomendados, e calculámos o índice de massa corporal; definiu-seexcesso de peso segundo os critérios da International Obesity Task Force. Os pais/encarregados de educação das crianças preencheram um inquérito com dados relativos àfamília, actividade física e ingestão alimentar (questionário de frequência de consumoalimentar que incluía a avaliação da ingestão de leite, sopa de hortícolas, colas, ice-tea eoutros refrigerantes/sumos/nectáres) da criança. Foram utilizados modelos de regressãologística, por sexo, de forma a estimar a magnitude da associação entre o consumo defluidos e o estado ponderal das crianças, com ajuste para confundidores.Resultados: Destacam-se como principais resultados, a elevada prevalência de excessode peso e obesidade (36,6%, para raparigas, e 38,8% para rapazes). Nas raparigas, aocorrência de excesso de peso e obesidade foi significativamente maior nas que tinhambaixo consumo de sopa (igual ou inferior à mediana) (OR = 0,609, IC 95% 0,44-0,83, p =0,002), relativamente às que tinham ingestão elevada (superior à mediana), mesmo apósajuste para confundidores (OR = 0,68, IC 95% 0,48-0,96, p = 0,030). Não se encontraramassociações significativas entre a ingestão de bebidas açucaradas ou leite e a ocorrênciade excesso de peso nas crianças de ambos os sexos.Conclusão: Dos alimentos fluidos avaliados apenas o consumo de sopa protegeu significativamenteas raparigas da ocorrência de excesso de peso, independentemente deoutras características.The global prevalence of overweight and obesity in children is growing. A number ofeating patterns have been associated with different risks of overweight. Sugar sweetenedbeverages have received considerable attention as potential sources of energy in liquidform that could be responsible for body weight gain.Objective: Evaluate the association between fluid intake and overweight in schoolchildren.Material and methods: The final sample of the study includes 1675 children schools between 5 and 10 years old, after excluding dietary misreporting and questionnaireswith incomplete information. After parental written consent, children's height andweight were measured according to international standards, and body mass index wascalculated. The definition of overweight was based on average centiles according tothe International Obesity Task Force cutoffs. We administered a questionnaire toparents that included information about physical activity, dietary intake (food frequencyquestionnaire that included information on milk, vegetable soup, cola, ice-tea andother sugar-sweetened beverages) and socio-demographic information. Adjusted oddsratios were computed using logistic regression.Results: We found a high prevalence of overweight (including obesity) being 36,6%for girls, and 38,8% for boys. In girls the probability of being overweight increasedsignificantly for those having low consumption of vegetable soup (equal or lower thanthe median) compared to those with high consumption (higher than the median), evenafter adjusting for confounders (OR = 0,68, CI 95% 0,48-0,96, p = 0,030). We didn't findany significant association between sugar sweetened beverages and milk intake withoverweight in both genders.Conclusion: In girls, high vegetable soup consumption significantly decreased theprobability of being overweight, independently of other characteristics

A hydrogen-bonded assembly of cucurbit[6]uril and [MoO2Cl2(H2O)2] with catalytic efficacy for the one-pot conversion of olefins to alkoxy products

The reaction of the macrocyclic cavitand cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) and the diaqua complex [MoO2Cl2(H2O)2] in hydrochloric acid solution gave a water insoluble supramolecular compound with the general composition 2[MoO2Cl2(H2O)2]·CB[6]·xH2O·yHCl·z(CH3COCH3) (2). Single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the presence of barrel-shape supramolecular entities, {CB[6]·10(H2O)}, aligned in layers which are shifted relative to adjacent layers to form a brick-like pattern. The CB[6]/water hydrogen-bonded entities further engage in intermolecular interactions with water, HCl and [MoO2Cl2(H2O)2] molecules to form a three-dimensional (3D) framework. Compound 2 was characterised by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), IR and Raman vibrational spectroscopy, and 13C{1H} CP MAS NMR. The reference complex [MoO2Cl2(H2O)2]·(diglyme)2 (1) and compound 2 were studied for the oxidative catalytic conversion of olefins (cis-cyclooctene, cyclohexene and styrene) with aqueous H2O2 as oxidant. Using alcohols as solvents, 2 was employed in a one-pot two-stage strategy for converting olefins to alkoxy products, which involves oxidation (with H2O2) and acid chemistry. Mechanistic studies were carried out using different intermediates as substrates, and the type of solvent and substrate scope were investigated. The results demonstrated the ability of the CB[6]/MoVI supramolecular adduct to function as an acid-oxidation multifunctional catalyst, and its recovery and reuse via relatively simple procedures.We acknowledge the support of CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials [FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) Ref. UID/CTM/50011/2019], REQUIMTE-LAQV (UID/QUI/50006/2019), Centre of Marine Sciences – CCMAR (UID/Multi/04326/2019), and the CENTRO 2020 Regional Operational Programme (Project CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-028031; PTDC/QUI-QOR/28031/2017), co-financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC and the European Union (EU) through the European Regional Development Fund under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement. The FCT and the EU are acknowledged for a Ph.D. grant to L. S. N. (PD/BD/109666/2015). The positions held by M. M. A. and A. C. G. were funded by national funds (OE), through FCT, I.P., in the scope of the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5 and 6 of article 23 of the Decree-Law 57/2016 of 29 August, changed by Law 57/2017 of 19 July.publishe

Effects of dietary curcumin in growth performance, oxidative status and gut morphometry and function of gilthead seabream postlarvae

An imbalance in the production and detoxification of reactive oxygen species and other oxidants can disrupt a l l types of cellular compounds, and lead to a state of oxidative stress. Preventing this state is essential to improve growth and health in animal production. Therefore, the aim of this work was to assess i f the dieta r y supple-mentation of curcumin cou l d improve the antioxidant status and intestine structu r e and functionalit y of gilthead seabream postlarvae, with the global objective of improving fish growth performance and robustness. Two experimental diets supplemented with different doses of curcumin (LOW and HIGH diets), and a commercial diet were fed to quadruplicate groups of postlarvae, for 20 days. At the end of the feeding trial fish fed the supple-mented diets significantly improved their antioxidant status compared to CTRL fed fish. LOW and HIGH fed fish presented lower protein oxidative damage (P 0.05). In conclusion, dieta r y curcumin supplementation was able to enhance gilthead seabream postlarvae robustness through a modulation of the oxidative status, increasing total antioxidant capacity and decreasing protein oxidative damage. This data pro-vide evidence that curcumin can be a suitable feed additive to promote heath status and robustness of fish at early stages of development, therefore contributing for the development and sustainabilit y of marine fish hatchery production.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Molybdenum(VI) complexes with ligands derived from 5-(2-pyridyl)-2H-tetrazole as catalysts for the epoxidation of olefins

The development of effective catalytic epoxidation processes that are an alternative to stoichiometric non-selective oxidation routes is important to meet environmental sustainability goals. In this work, molybdenum (VI) compounds bearing 5-(2-pyridyl)-2H-tetrazole derivatives as organic components, namely the ionic and neutral mononuclear complexes (H2ptz)[MoO2Cl2(ptz)] (1) and [MoO2Cl2(tBu-ptz)] (2), and the new Lindqvist-type polyoxometalate (POM) [tBu-Hptz]2[Mo6O19] (3), where Hptz = 5-(2-pyridyl)tetrazole and tBu-ptz = 2-tert- butyl-5-(2-pyridyl)- 2H-tetrazole, were studied as epoxidation catalysts using readily available and relatively ecofriendly hydroperoxide oxidants, namely hydrogen peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). The pre-pared catalysts were very active. For example, 100% cis-cyclooctene conversion and 100% epoxide selectivity were reached at 1 h for 1 and 3, and 10 min for 2 (with TBHP). Catalytic and characterization studies indicated that the mononuclear complexes suffered chemical transformations under the reaction conditions, whereas 3 was structurally stable. This POM acted as a homogeneous catalyst and could be recycled by employing an ionic liquid solvent. The POM can be synthesized from 2 under different conditions, including those used in the catalytic process. Moreover, 3 was an effective epoxidation catalyst for a biobased substrate scope that included fatty acid methyl esters and the terpene dl-limonene.POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030075; LA/P/0006/2020; EMBRC.PT ALG-01–0145-FEDER-022121; (grant ref. 2021.06403.BDinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Food Patterns According to Sociodemographics, Physical Activity, Sleeping and Obesity in Portuguese Children

Our study aimed to describe the association between food patterns and gender, parental education, physical activity, sleeping and obesity in 1976 children aged 5−10 years old. Dietary intake was measured by a semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire; body mass index was calculated and categorized according to the IOTF classification. Factor analysis and generalized linear models were applied to identify food patterns and their associations. TV viewing and male gender were significant positive predictors for fast-food, sugar sweetened beverages and pastry pattern, while a higher level of maternal education and longer sleeping duration were positively associated with a dietary patterns that included fruit and vegetables

Dichlorodioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes bearing oxygen-donor ligands as olefin epoxidation catalysts

Treatment of the solvent adduct [MoO2Cl2(THF)2] with either 2 equivalents of N,N-dimethylbenzamide (DMB) or 1 equivalent of N,N'-diethyloxamide (DEO) gave the dioxomolybdenum(vi) complexes [MoO2Cl2(DMB)2] () and [MoO2Cl2(DEO)] (). The molecular structures of and were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Both complexes present a distorted octahedral geometry and adopt the cis-oxo, trans-Cl, cis-L configuration typical of complexes of the type [MoO2X2(L)n], with either the monodentate DMB or bidentate DEO oxygen-donor ligands occupying the equatorial positions trans to the oxo groups. The complexes were applied as homogeneous catalysts for the epoxidation of olefins, namely cis-cyclooctene (Cy), 1-octene, trans-2-octene, α-pinene and (R)-(+)-limonene, using tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) as oxidant. In the epoxidation of Cy at 55 °C, the desired epoxide was the only product and turnover frequencies in the range of ca. 3150-3200 mol molMo(-1) h(-1) could be reached. The catalytic production of cyclooctene oxide was investigated in detail, varying either the reaction temperature or the cosolvent. Complexes and were also applied in liquid-liquid biphasic catalytic epoxidation reactions by using an ionic liquid of the type [C4mim][X] (C4mim = 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium; X = NTf2, BF4 or PF6] as a solvent to immobilise the metal catalysts. Recycling for multiple catalytic runs was achieved without loss of activity

A FISIOTERAPIA EM GRUPO NO FORMATO DE CIRCUITO PODE MELHORAR A VELOCIDADE DA MARCHA DE PACIENTES COM DOENÇA DE PARKINSON?

A Doença de Parkinson (DP) é caracterizada pela degeneração progressiva de neurônios dopaminérgicos da substância negra, resultando em desordens não motoras e motoras que estão relacionadas com o aparecimento de tremor de repouso, bradicinesia, rigidez articular, instabilidade postural, alterações no padrão da marcha, declínio do equilíbrio. A Fisioterapia em Grupo no formato de Circuit Training (FGCT) é um modelo terapêutico baseado em estações de trabalho dispostos num formato de circuito dirigido que reproduzem atividades físicas. O objetivo foi avaliar a velocidade de marcha rápida, de indivíduos com DP submetidos a sessões de FGTC. Participaram deste estudo 13 pessoas com DP. A avaliação inicial (AV1) foi realizada utilizando o Time up and go (TUG) p e o Teste de velocidade de marcha de 10 metros (TV10M). No TUG, a velocidade de execução média foi de 0,68 ± 0,19 m/s na AV1 e 0,66 ± 0,14 m/s AV2 e no TV10M de 1,36 ± 0,26 m/s na AV1 enquanto na AV2 foi 1,45 ± 0,32 m/s, sem diferença significante entre os dois momentos de medida. Os parkinsonianos não apresentaram melhoras funcionais talvez porque a terapia não teve exercícios com enfoque na velocidade da marcha e o tempo de terapêutica pode não ter sido suficiente para ocorrer mudanças nesse aspecto. Porém sabe-se que a reabilitação em grupo contribui na melhora do estado de saúde global do paciente, permitindo maior socialização entre os indivíduos. Pode-se conclui que protocolo terapêutico utilizado não foi suficientemente para alterar a velocidade da marcha dos pacientes