26 research outputs found
Consonant colour and vocalism in the history of Irish
Wydział AnglistykiNiniejsza praca poświęcona jest związanym ze sobą kwestiom barwienia spółgłosek i wokalizmu w historii języka Irlandzkiego, ze szczególną uwagą na okres staro-irlandzki. Głównym twierdzeniem pracy jest to, że język staro-irlandzki miał trzy odrębne serie spółgłosek, polegających na barwieniu, oraz minimalny (wertykalny) system samogłosek składający się z dwóch tylko komponentów. Obrona głównego twierdzenia ma podwójny charakter: empiryczny i typologiczny. Część typologiczna bazuje na kompleksowym przeglądzie minimalnych systemów samogłosek w językach świata. Część empiryczna oparta jest na opisie morfologii czasownika staro-irlandzkiego, w którym występują trzy barwy spółgłoskowe, ale tylko dwie samogłoski.This dissertation deals with the related questions of consonant colour and vocalism in the history of Irish, focusing particularly on the Old Irish period. It argues that Old Irish had three distinct series of consonant colour, and a vertical vowel system of only two members. This position is defended typologically, by means of a comprehensive survey of minimal and vertical vowel systems in the cross-linguistic literature, and also empirically, through a detailed description of Old Irish verbal morphology in terms of a phonological system with three consonant colours and only two vowels
Vowel reduction and loss: challenges and perspectives
This introduction gives an overview of a workshop on vowel reduction and loss held at SLE 2017 and the resulting papers collected here. It also discusses the present state of research on vowel reduction and loss in a number of perspectives and outlines the main themes dealt with throughout the course of this special issue
CLICS² An Improved Database of Cross-Linguistic Colexifications : Assembling Lexical Data with the Help of Cross-Linguistic Data Formats
International audienceThe Database of Cross-Linguistic Colexifications (CLICS), has established a computer-assisted framework for the interactive representation of cross-linguistic colexification patterns. In its current form, it has proven to be a useful tool for various kinds of investigation into cross-linguistic semantic associations , ranging from studies on semantic change, patterns of conceptualization, and linguistic pale-ontology. But CLICS has also been criticized for obvious shortcomings, ranging from the underlying dataset, which still contains many errors, up to the limits of cross-linguistic colexification studies in general. Building on recent standardization efforts reflected in the Cross-Linguistic Data Formats initiative (CLDF) and novel approaches for fast, efficient, and reliable data aggregation, we have created a new database for cross-linguistic colexifications, which not only supersedes the original CLICS database in terms of coverage but also offers a much more principled procedure for the creation, curation and aggregation of datasets. The paper presents the new database and discusses its major features
An international survey of management of pain and sedation after paediatric cardiac surgery
Objective The mainstay of pain treatment after paediatric cardiac surgery is the use of opioids. Current guidelines for its optimal use are based on small, non-randomised clinical trials, and data on the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of opioids are lacking. This study aims at providing an overview of international hospital practices on the treatment of pain and sedation after paediatric cardiac surgery. Design A multicentre survey study assessed the management of pain and sedation in children aged 0–18 years after cardiac surgery. setting Pediatric intensive care units (PICU)of 19 tertiary children’s hospitals worldwide were invited to participate. The focus of the survey was on type and dose of analgesic and sedative drugs and the tools used for their pharmacodynamic assessment. results Fifteen hospitals (response rate 79%) filled out the survey. Morphine was the primary analgesic in most hospitals, and its doses for continuous infusion ranged from 10 to 60 mcg kg-1 h-1 in children aged 0–36 months. Benzodiazepines were the first choice for sedation, with midazolam used in all study hospitals. Eight hospitals (53%) reported routine use of sedatives with pain treatment. Overall, type and dosing of analgesic and sedative drugs differed substantially between hospitals. All participating hospitals used validated pain and sedation assessment tools. conclusion There was a large variation in the type and dosing of drugs employed in the treatment of pain and sedation after paediatric cardiac surgery. As a consequence, there is a need to rationalise pain and sedation management for this vulnerable patient group.</p
CLICS2: An improved database of cross-linguistic colexifications assembling lexical data with the help of cross-linguistic data formats
The Database of Cross-Linguistic Colexifications (CLICS), has established a computer-assisted framework for the interactive representation of cross-linguistic colexification patterns. In its current form, it has proven to be a useful tool for various kinds of investigation into cross-linguistic semantic associations, ranging from studies on semantic change, patterns of conceptualization, and linguistic paleontology. But CLICS has also been criticized for obvious shortcomings, ranging from the underlying dataset, which still contains many errors, up to the limits of cross-linguistic colexification studies in general. Building on recent standardization efforts reflected in the Cross-Linguistic Data Formats initiative (CLDF) and novel approaches for fast, efficient, and reliable data aggregation, we have created a new database for cross-linguistic colexifications, which not only supersedes the original CLICS database in terms of coverage but also offers a much more principled procedure for the creation, curation and aggregation of datasets. The paper presents the new database and discusses its major features
RadioAstron Space VLBI Imaging of the jet in M87: I. Detection of high brightness temperature at 22 GHz
We present results from the first 22 GHz space very-long-baseline
interferometric (VLBI) imaging observations of M87 by RadioAstron. As a part of
the Nearby AGN Key Science Program, the source was observed in Feb 2014 at 22
GHz with 21 ground stations, reaching projected -spacings up to
G. The imaging experiment was complemented by snapshot
RadioAstron data of M87 obtained during 2013--2016 from the AGN Survey Key
Science Program. Their longest baselines extend up to G. For
all these measurements, fringes are detected only up to 2.8 Earth
Diameter or 3 G baseline lengths, resulting in a new image with
angular resolution of as or Schwarzschild radii spatial
resolution. The new image not only shows edge-brightened jet and counterjet
structures down to submilliarcsecond scales but also clearly resolves the VLBI
core region. While the overall size of the core is comparable to those reported
in the literature, the ground-space fringe detection and slightly
super-resolved RadioAstron image suggest the presence of substructures in the
nucleus, whose minimum brightness temperature exceeds K. It is challenging to explain the origin of this
record-high value for M87 by pure Doppler boosting effect with
a simple conical jet geometry and known jet speed. Therefore, this can be
evidence for more extreme Doppler boosting due to a blazar-like small jet
viewing angle or highly efficient particle acceleration processes occurring
already at the base of the outflow.Comment: 27 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Measuring variation in phoneme inventories
Code and data for the "Measuring variation in phoneme inventories" study (forth.)