Desain Eco Floating Resort untuk Kepulauan Anambas, Kepulauan Riau

Kepulauan Anambas yang terletak pada Provinsi Kepulauan Riau memiliki potensi dan daya tarik pariwisata tropis yang indah dengan kepulauan eksotisnya. Kepulauan Anambas dinobatkan sebagai pulau tropis terbaik di Asia pada tahun 2012 oleh CNN Internasional. Pembangunan eco floating resort sebagai sarana penunjang pariwisata pada Kepulauan Anambas diharapkan dapat meningkatkan wisatawan domestik dan mancanegara di Kepulauan Anambas. Eco floating resort mengambil konsep ramah lingkungan dengan pemasok listrik utama menggunakan panel surya. Payload luasan adalah 1.723,28 m2 untuk 48 orang pengunjung dengan 16 orang crew . Setelah dilakukan analisis teknis diperoleh ukuran utama LoA: 48 m; B: 18 m; D: 4 m; dan T: 1.8 m. Kondisi geografis lokasi Eco floating structure dengan tinggi gelombang 0 – 1.25 m, kedalaman 13 m, kecepatan angin 5 knot dan dekat dengan Pantai Padang Melang. Analisis teknis berupa perhitungan berat, perhitungan stablilitas, perhitungan trim, dan perhitungan freeboard. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan mendesain lines plan, general arrangement, dan safety plan serta desain model 3D. Pada Tugas Akhir ini juga dilakukan analisis ekonomis dengan total biaya pembangunan senilai Rp37.943.604.270,89. dengan biaya operasional sebesar Rp7.647.678.982,05/tahun. Dilakukan perhitungan dan didapatkan nilai Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar Rp45.205.683.946,57, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) senilai 20%, dan Payback Period selama 7 Tahun 0 Bulan 14 Hari

Soil CO2 Emissions Associated with Termitaria in Tropical Savanna: Evidence for Hot-Spot Compensation

Our understanding of carbon (C) dynamics within savannas is very limited, especially how source/sink dynamics are influenced by the resident biota. Previous measurements of epigeal termite mounds (termitaria), ubiquitous in many savannas, have shown that they are considerable point sources of soil carbon dioxide (CO2), whereas CO2 measurements collected outside the mounds were generally assumed to be independent of termite activity. However, no measurements were conducted along gradients away from the mounds to confirm this. We quantified daytime soil CO2 emissions (soil respiration) along gradients from the center to 20m from the mound edge in Serengeti National Park, and measured soil temperature/moisture, macro-invertebrate abundance, and vegetation height as variables potentially influencing these emissions. Further, we quantified how far into the savanna termitaria impact CO2 emissions. As in other studies, we found the highest soil CO2 fluxes at the termitaria-center and considerably lower fluxes in the surrounding savanna. Macro-invertebrate abundance was associated with the differences in emissions measured, whereas the other variables were not. The analysis of spatial autocorrelation revealed significantly lower fluxes between the termitaria edge and up to 9m from the edge compared to the values measured at the termitaria-center and between 10 and 20m from the termitaria edge. When extrapolating the emissions across the landscape our results suggest that the lower CO2 emissions found between the edge and 9m fully compensate for the high fluxes measured at the termitaria center. Consequently, our findings provide evidence that termitaria might influence the savanna C source-sink dynamics differently than previously though

From the editor's desk: Common errors in submission of case reports

AbstractCase reports remain an invaluable resource in the literature, and they continue to serve an equally important role in scientific advancement. They record discoveries, report the unexpected, and spark further research. Preparation of a case report can be a great learning experience, especially for medical students, residents, and young physicians. It serves as an excellent introduction to academic writing, familiarizing them with all aspects of publishing, from a structured case presentation and literature review to submitting and revising a manuscript. It can also stimulate an interest in a specific topic and gradually lead to more involved and complex academic endeavors

Estimating the Total Economic Impact of Black Bear Peeling in Western Oregon Using GIS and REMI

In parts of the Pacific Northwest, black bears emerge from winter dens with depleted fat reserves and feed on mature conifers by stripping bark and consuming sugar-rich sapwood. Peeling by bears affects commercial conifers through direct loss of the tree or degraded log quality at stand harvest. Bears generally peel trees from 15-30 years old in intensively managed forests until preferred foods such as fruits and berries are available, and a single bear can peel several trees per day. Dying trees have a signature red canopy and are detected in annual aerial forest health surveys; however, trees that scar over peeling are not detected by aerial surveys. Previous studies reported results of damage summaries for northwest Oregon from flights, adjusted for bias; however, they offered no estimates of economic impact. Using landowner survey data, another study estimated an annual timber loss to bears at approximately $11.5 million across part of western Oregon. While informative, these estimates used broad assumptions to derive primary impacts and did not address secondary impacts. We used aerial health surveys, the national land cover database, and the Regional Economic Models Inc. (REMI) PI+ model to estimate the primary and secondary (indirect and induced) impacts of bear peeling in western Oregon. Because the accuracy and precision of aerial estimates (i.e., percentage of dead trees/polygon) was unknown, we calculated 4 scenarios of loss: 1$0.9-$89 million annually, and resulted in an annual loss of between 11 and 1,012 jobs in the state. We will explain our methodology in this study as well as current efforts to improve the accuracy and precision of damage estimates, and ultimately our understanding of the economic impacts of black bear peeling

Searching on the go : the effects of fragmented attention on mobile web search tasks

Smart phones and tablets are rapidly becoming our main method of accessing information and are frequently used to perform on-the-go search tasks. Mobile devices are commonly used in situations where attention must be divided, such as when walking down a street. Research suggests that this increases cognitive load and, therefore, may have an impact on performance. In this work we conducted a laboratory experiment with both device types in which we simulated everyday, common mobile situations that may cause fragmented attention, impact search performance and affect user perception. Our results showed that the fragmented attention induced by the simulated conditions significantly affected both participants' objective and perceived search performance, as well as how hurried they felt and how engaged they were in the tasks. Furthermore, the type of device used also impacted how users felt about the search tasks, how well they performed and the amount of time they spent engaged in the tasks. These novel insights provide useful information to inform the design of future interfaces for mobile search and give us a greater understanding of how context and device size affect search behaviour and user experience

A two-species continuum model for aeolian sand ripples

We formulate a continuum model for aeolian sand ripples consisting of two species of grains: a lower layer of relatively immobile clusters, with an upper layer of highly mobile grains moving on top. We predict analytically the ripple wavelength, initial ripple growth rate and threshold saltation flux for ripple formation. Numerical simulations show the evolution of realistic ripple profiles from initial surface roughness via ripple growth and merger.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure