1,315 research outputs found
Environmental Organizations’ Litigation Communication in the Polarized U.S. Political Landscape
This study analyzes environmental litigation communication in an increasingly polarized political context. Specifically, this project analyzes environmental organizations’ communication strategies and messages related to their litigation efforts in order to better understand how environmental nonprofits frame environmental litigation within the current U. S. political landscape. Multiple data sources (e.g., website content, tweets, and interviews) triangulate the study by providing varying strategic perspectives on organizations’ environmental litigation communication efforts. Results show that nonprofit organizations like the National Resources Defense Council and Sierra Club use a variety of frames that portray litigation as a righteous action used to hold those in power to account, targeting not only large, polluting corporations but also the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency currently run by the Trump Administration
Clock performance as a critical parameter in navigation satellite systems
The high performance of available oscillators has permitted the development of invaluable navigation and geodetic satellite systems. However, still higher performance oscillators would further improve the accuracy or flexibility of the systems
Application of global positioning system to determination of tectonic plate movements and crustal deformations
It is shown that pseudo-range measurements to four GPS satellites based on correlation of the pseudo random code transmissions from the satellites can be used to determine the relative position of ground stations which are separated by several hundred kilometers to a precision at the centimeter level. Carrier signal measurements during the course of passage of satellites over a pair of stations also yield centimeter precision in the relative position, but oscillator instabilities limit the accuracy. The accuracy of solutions based on either type of data is limited by unmodeled tropospheric refraction effects which would reach 5 centimeters at low elevation angles for widely separated stations
Gravity field, geoid and ocean surface by space techniques
Knowledge of the earth's gravity field continued to increase during the last four years. Altimetry data from the GEOS-3 satellite has provided the geoid over most of the ocean to an accuracy of about one meter. Increasing amounts of laser data has permitted the solution for 566 terms in the gravity field with which orbits of the GEOS-3 satellite have been computed to an accuracy of about one to two meters. The combination of satellite tracking data, altimetry and gravimetry has yielded a solution for 1360 terms in the earth's gravity field. A number of problems remain to be solved to increase the accuracy of the gravity field determination. New satellite systems would provide gravity data in unsurveyed areas and correction for topographic features of the ocean and improved computational procedures together with a more extensive laser network will considerably improve the accuracy of the results
QCD resummation for semi-inclusive hadron production processes
We investigate the resummation of large logarithmic perturbative corrections
to hadron production in electron-positron annihilation and semi-inclusive
deep-inelastic scattering. We find modest, but significant, enhancements of
hadron multiplicities in the kinematic regimes accessible in present
high-precision experiments. Our results are therefore relevant for the
determination of hadron fragmentation functions from data for these processes.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figure
A multi-satellite orbit determination problem in a parallel processing environment
The Engineering Orbit Analysis Unit at GE Valley Forge used an Intel Hypercube Parallel Processor to investigate the performance and gain experience of parallel processors with a multi-satellite orbit determination problem. A general study was selected in which major blocks of computation for the multi-satellite orbit computations were used as units to be assigned to the various processors on the Hypercube. Problems encountered or successes achieved in addressing the orbit determination problem would be more likely to be transferable to other parallel processors. The prime objective was to study the algorithm to allow processing of observations later in time than those employed in the state update. Expertise in ephemeris determination was exploited in addressing these problems and the facility used to bring a realism to the study which would highlight the problems which may not otherwise be anticipated. Secondary objectives were to gain experience of a non-trivial problem in a parallel processor environment, to explore the necessary interplay of serial and parallel sections of the algorithm in terms of timing studies, to explore the granularity (coarse vs. fine grain) to discover the granularity limit above which there would be a risk of starvation where the majority of nodes would be idle or under the limit where the overhead associated with splitting the problem may require more work and communication time than is useful
Towards semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering at next-to-next-to-leading order
In this paper, we compute the first set of corrections
to semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering structure functions. We start by
studying the impact of the contribution of the partonic subprocesses that open
at this order for the longitudinal structure function. We perform the full
calculation analytically, and obtain the expression of the factorized cross
section at this order. Special care is given to the study of their flavour
decomposition structure. We analyze the phenomenological effect of the
corrections finding that, even though expected to be small a priori, it turns
out to be sizable with respect to the previous order know, calling for a full
NNLO calculation.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figure
Fragmentation Functions Beyond Fixed Order Accuracy
We give a detailed account of the phenomenology of all-order resummations of
logarithmically enhanced contributions at small momentum fraction of the
observed hadron in semi-inclusive electron-positron annihilation and the
time-like scale evolution of parton-to-hadron fragmentation functions. The
formalism to perform resummations in Mellin moment space is briefly reviewed,
and all relevant expressions up to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic order
are derived, including their explicit dependence on the factorization and
renormalization scales. We discuss the details pertinent to a proper numerical
implementation of the resummed results comprising an iterative solution to the
time-like evolution equations, the matching to known fixed-order expressions,
and the choice of the contour in the Mellin inverse transformation. First
extractions of parton-to-pion fragmentation functions from semi-inclusive
annihilation data are performed at different logarithmic orders of the
resummations in order to estimate their phenomenological relevance. To this
end, we compare our results to corresponding fits up to fixed,
next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy and study the residual dependence on the
factorization scale in each case.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figure
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