Farmers' Demand for Information about Agribusiness

This study is focused on the habits of the Brazilian farmers that access the Internet for searching information to their economical activities. The main goal is to understand how come those agents of the agribusiness use the formal and informal (personal contact) means of communication, as well as the functions that each of those means accomplish to this public. In other words, it intends to identify the channels of communication of major importance to farmers (used more often, considered the ones of more credibility and preferred among them). That is possible by means of a questionnaire sent exclusively by e-mail, answered by Brazilian farmers. The motivation of the study is to contribute to make the communication more efficient to those who work on farms. That can produce benefits to the communication companies and to the public. The results show that the Internet is the mean of communication more often used and preferred on the process of searching information about the agribusiness among Brazilian farmers. The personal contact, not considered in the valuation about preference, appears in second position in the ranking for intensity of use. On the other hand, the radio, regional press newspapers and newsletters of class entities were the less consulted and the last ones in the ranking of preference.Agribusiness, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

Biocombustíveis: o valor estratégico das energias renováveis para o Brasil

Essa monografia tem o objetivo de analisar a crescente importância dos biocombustíveis, em especial para o Brasil, como fator estratégico e de segurança energética frente às crescentes preocupações internacionais em relação ao abastecimento futuro de petróleo e às mudanças climáticas. Para isso foi realizado um extenso trabalho de revisão bibliográfica que pretende demonstrar a importância da energia e, principalmente, do petróleo para a sociedade moderna e a evidente necessidade de se encontrarem substitutos a ele que combatam o aquecimento global e sejam de fornecimento contínuo. Nesse contexto, surgem as energias renováveis, dentre as quais se deu maior destaque aos biocombustíveis devido à grande experiência brasileira na área e ao constante engajamento do atual governo em ressaltar seus benefícios

Legislação brasileira de sementes : aplicação e eficácia na garantia da qualidade de sementes de soja

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronegócios, 2012.O Brasil é segundo maior produtor de soja do mundo. Para garantir que continue crescendo sua produtividade sem ter que aumentar excessivamente sua área cultivada é necessário o investimento em pesquisa para desenvolver cultivares cada vez mais adaptadas às regiões produtoras, com maior potencial produtivo e menos suscetibilidade a doenças. Assim, as sementes de soja carregam todo o potencial genético necessário para aumentar o rendimento das lavouras. Diante de sua importância, garantir que sementes de qualidade estejam disponíveis no mercado não é só uma exigência dos produtores, mas também uma ambição legal, que tenta ser alcançada através de legislações específicas para sementes e mudas. Porém, pesquisas neste setor indicam que ainda existem sementes de baixa qualidade sendo oferecidas, bem como a existência de sementes piratas sendo Comercializadas. Assim, o objetivo central desta pesquisa é o de averiguar a eficiência do aparato legislativo vigente na promoção do uso de sementes de soja certificadas. Para que este objetivo fosse atingido foram realizadas entrevistas com base em roteiro semi-estruturado pré-elaborado o qual continha questões abertas e fechadas a fim de permitir a análise lexical qualitativa através do software Alceste (Analyse Lexicale par Contexte d´un Ensemble de Segments de Texte – Análise Lexical Contextual de um Conjunto de Segmentos de Texto) e a análise quantitativa pelas Matrizes de Importância e Desempenho de Slack, as quais foram aprofundadas pela análise de conteúdo tradicional. Ao final o intuito central da pesquisa foi alcançado e notou-se que apesar de grande parte dos atores envolvidos no setor serem a favor do formato da atual legislação todos, em maior ou menor grau, concordam que sua eficácia deixa a desejar pelo fato de a fiscalização destes requisitos legais não ser realizada como deveria em todas as suas esferas. O estudo também evidenciou que o principal fator que leva os produtores a utilizarem sementes próprias é a redução do custo final da lavoura, porém foi percebido que a falta de qualidade das sementes oferecidas no mercado também é um limitador importante para o aumento do comércio de sementes certificadas. Além disso, campanhas de conscientização e ações conjuntas entre governo e setor privado são consideradas ferramentas fundamentais para aumentar as taxas de utilização de sementes certificadas. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTBrazil is the second most important soybean producer in the world. To guarantee the increase of it’s productive without needing to increase that much its area, investments on research to develop new cultivars more productive and adapted to the different regions, and less susceptible to diseases is needed. Taking this into consideration, the soybean seeds carry out all the genetic potential that is necessary to enhance the farming yield. Against its importance, guaranteeing the availability of quality seeds is not only a market requirement but also a legal ambition, which tries to be reached by the seeds and seedlings laws. Never the less, researches in this area show that its steels existing low quality seeds being offered and also pirate seeds being negotiated. Thus, the central objective of this study is to investigate the efficiency of the existing law conjunction in promoting the use of certified soybean seeds. To reach that target, interviews were realized based on a semi structure and predetermined guide that had descriptive and objective questions which were lexical and qualitative analyzed by the Alceste (Analyse Lexicale par Contexte d´un Ensemble de Segments de Texte) software, and quantitative analyzed by the Matrix Performance and Importance of Slack, those analyzes for its turn were deepened by content analysis. At the end, the first intent of the research was reached and had noticed that, besides the major of the actors interviewed been in accordance with the law format, all of them, in a higher or lower level, agreed that its efficiency is the ideal once the supervision of the legal requirements are not done as it should be for all its spheres. The study also showed that the main factor that leads producers to use their own seeds is to reduce the final cost of the crop, but it was realized that the lack of quality seeds offered in the market is also an important limiter for increase certified seed trade. In addition, awareness campaigns and joint action between government and private sector are considered fundamental tools to increase utilization rates of certified seed

Can children use the A-not a test?

Sensory scientists have adapted several sensory methods to fit children's cognitive abilities. Although several discrimination methods have been reported with children, the A-not-A test has not been studied yet. The aims of this work were to: (i) evaluate the feasibility of using the A-Not-A test with school-aged children, and (ii) compare how the framing of the question (overall differences vs. differences in liking) may influence the results. A total of 126 children were involved in the study. They participated in three sessions, each composed of a familiarization task with a visual stimuli and sample tasting with one of three dairy products (vanilla milk desserts, chocolate-flavored milk, and vanilla-flavored yogurt). Half of the children evaluated the samples in terms of overall differences and the other half in terms of differences in liking. Results from the familiarization step showed that children correctly identified the visual reference in the A-not-A test regardless of how the question was framed, suggesting that they were able to understand the methodology. In the case of tasting samples, children were significantly more likely to correctly identify the reference in two of the three studied dairy products, when the question was based on liking, as compared to the framing based on overall differences.publishedVersio

Avaliação dos efeitos de um plano de intervenção em meio aquático num aluno com perturbação do espetro do autismo

O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o impacto de um plano de intervenção, em meio aquático, no desenvolvimento de competências aquáticas e na diminuição de comportamentos de autoagressão, num aluno com perturbações do espetro do autismo (PEA). A intervenção foi realizada com um aluno com PEA, do género masculino, com 8 anos de idade e teve por base uma metodologia do tipo single-subject design, com um desenho A-B-A, onde o período A diz respeito às avaliações individuais, sem intervenção, e o período B é onde o participante é exposto ao plano de intervenção no meio aquático. A intervenção decorreu num período de 11 semanas, em duas sessões semanais de quarenta minutos. Para a avaliação foram utilizadas duas grelhas de avaliação, uma de avaliação das competências aquáticas e outra de registo de frequência dos comportamentos de autoagressão, bem como entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com os pais e a professora titular de turma. Os resultados obtidos sugerem diversas evoluções, quer ao nível das competências aquáticas, quer ao nível da diminuição dos comportamentos de autoagressão em contextos diferenciados, piscina, casa e escola.The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of an intervention plan carried out in an aquatic environment, in the development of aquatic skills and, the decrease of self-harm behaviours of a student with autism spectrum disorders. This intervention was performed on an eight-year old male child with ASD, and was based on a single-subject methodology with an A-B-A design, where the A period dealt with individual evaluation without intervention and a B period where the participant was submitted to an intervention plan in an aquatic environment. This intervention was carried out during a period of 11 weeks, in two weekly sessions of 40 minutes. For this evaluation, two evaluation grids, an assessment of aquatic skills and another involving the registration frequency of self-harm behaviours were used, as well as semi-structured interviews with parents and the head teacher of the class. The results suggest several developments, both in terms of aquatic skills and in terms of a decrease of self-harm behaviours in different contexts of the pool, home and school.FCT (CIED e CIEC

A fiabilidade das provas dependentes da memória: uma análise no direito processual penal brasileiro

This article discusses evidence dependent on human memory, such as: testimony and personal recognition. The objective is to assess the degree (high or low) of reliability existing in the production of evidence that depends exclusively on recordings, that is, human memories. The hypothesis is justified in the course of legal controversies between judges, scholars and specialists in the field of legal psychology and criminology. It appears, therefore, that despite evidence dependent on human memory being present in almost all processes, in the area such evidence can be an exclusive means of proving the crime or justifying the acquittal of the accused. As a specific objective, it seeks to address the presence of elements capable of promoting valuation or greater reliability in the testimony or recognition given. The qualitative methodology and the deductive approach method are used, as there is a doctrinal and jurisprudential analysis, through documentary research, in line with scientific research carried out in the field of psychology. It is also used in order to add to the research, the quantitative method through the analysis of graphics on the topic. Thus, as a conclusion, it appears that these issues are objects of critical doctrines, applicable and jurisprudential divergences, which deserves to be analyzed and put into practice for greater effectiveness and constant evolution in the jurisdictional field.O presente artigo discorre acerca das provas dependentes da memória humana, tais como: o testemunho e o reconhecimento pessoal. Objetiva-se é aferir o grau (alto ou baixo) de fiabilidade existente na produção de provas que dependem exclusivamente de recordações, ou seja, memórias humanas. A hipótese se justifica no decorrer das controvérsias jurídicas entre julgados, doutrinadores e especialistas na área da psicologia jurídica e criminologia. Verifica-se, portanto, que apesar das provas dependentes da memória humana estarem presentes em quase todos os processos, na área penal essas provas podem ser meio exclusivo de comprovar o delito ou justificar a absolvição do acusado. Porquanto, como objetivo específico, procura-se abordar a presença de elementos capazes de promover valoração ou maior fidedignidade no depoimento ou reconhecimento prestado. Utiliza-se a metodologia qualitativa e método de abordagem dedutivo, pois tem-se a análise doutrinária, bem como jurisprudencial, através de pesquisa documental, em consonância com pesquisas científicas realizadas na área da psicologia. Também, de forma a acrescentar na pesquisa, aplica-se o método quantitativo através da análise de gráficos sobre o tema. Dessarte, como conclusão, depreende-se que estas questões são objetos de críticas doutrinárias, discussões e divergências jurisprudenciais, pela qual faz jus serem analisadas e colocadas em prática para maior efetividade e constante evolução no campo jurisdicional

Geometry, Topology and Simplicial Synchronization

Simplicial synchronization reveals the role that topology and geometry have in determining the dynamical properties of simplicial complexes. Simplicial network geometry and topology are naturally encoded in the spectral properties of the graph Laplacian and of the higher-order Laplacians of simplicial complexes. Here we show how the geometry of simplicial complexes induces spectral dimensions of the simplicial complex Laplacians that are responsible for changing the phase diagram of the Kuramoto model. In particular, simplicial complexes displaying a non-trivial simplicial network geometry cannot sustain a synchronized state in the infinite network limit if their spectral dimension is smaller or equal to four. This theoretical result is here verified on the Network Geometry with Flavor simplicial complex generative model displaying emergent hyperbolic geometry. On its turn simplicial topology is shown to determine the dynamical properties of the higher- order Kuramoto model. The higher-order Kuramoto model describes synchronization of topological signals, i.e. phases not only associated to the nodes of a simplicial complexes but associated also to higher-order simplices, including links, triangles and so on

VÍNCULOS ORGANIZACIONAIS: ESTUDO DE CASO NO 13º BATALHÃO DE BOMBEIROS MILITAR

This article aims to verify the patterns of linkages between individuals and the organization as part of the 13thMilitary Fire Battalion ( BBM ), headquartered in the city of Camboriú / SC , based on the commitment of ties,entrenchment and consent. The survey included a sample of 105 firefighters from a population of 135 squaresfirefighters belonging to the chosen BBM , who responded to the questionnaires . The research method used wasa quantitative case study, with descriptive and exploratory feature , using the questionnaire as a fundamentaltechnique for the data collection . The research found that the commitment of the bond is predominant , reachingthe level of 78 % among firefighters , followed by the consent of bond with 18% and entrenchment with 4 %.Este artículo tiene como objetivo verificar los patrones de relaciones entre los individuos y la organización comoparte de la 13 ª Batallón de Bomberos Militares (BBM), con sede en la ciudad de Balneario Camboriú - SC, conbase en los lazos de compromiso, arraigo y consentimiento. La encuesta incluyó una muestra de 105 bomberosde una población de 135 plazas pertenecientes a los bomberos de BBM que respondieron a los cuestionarioselegidos. El método de investigación empleado fue un estudio cualitativo / cuantitativo caso con carácterdescriptivo y exploratorio, utilizando el cuestionario como crítica a la técnica de recolección de datos. Lainvestigación descubrió que el vínculo de compromiso es la predominante, alcanzando el nivel de 78% entre losbomberos siguieron el enlace usted está de acuerdo con el 18% y el 4% con atrincheramiento.Este artigo tem como finalidade verificar os padrões de vínculos entre os indivíduos e a organização, no âmbitodo 13º Batalhão de Bombeiros Militar (BBM), sediado no município de Balneário Camboriú/SC, tendo por baseos vínculos de comprometimento, entrincheiramento e consentimento. A pesquisa contou com uma amostra de105 bombeiros de uma população de 135 praças bombeiros militares pertencentes ao BBM escolhido, queresponderam aos questionários. O método de pesquisa empregado foi um estudo de caso quantitativo, comcaracterística descritiva e exploratória, utilizando-se o questionário como técnica fundamental para olevantamento dos dados. A pesquisa obteve como resultado que o vínculo de comprometimento é opredominante, alcançando o nível de 78% entre os bombeiros militares, seguido do vínculo de consentimentocom 18% e entrincheiramento com 4%.DOI: 10.21714/2178-8030gep.v17i1.334

Removal of Water Binding Proteins from Dentin Increases the Adhesion Strength of Low-Hydrophilicity Dental Resins

Objectives To investigate the role of proteoglycans (PGs) on the physical properties of the dentin matrix and the bond strength of methacrylate resins with varying hydrophilicities. Methods Dentin were obtained from crowns of human molars. Enzymatic removal of PGs followed a standard protocol using 1 mg/mL trypsin (Try) for 24 h. Controls were incubated in ammonium bicarbonate buffer. Removal of PGs was assessed by visualization of glycosaminoglycan chains (GAGs) in dentin under transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The dentin matrix swelling ratio was estimated using fully demineralized dentin. Dentin wettability was assessed on wet, dry and re-wetted dentin surfaces through water contact angle measurements. Microtensile bond strength test (TBS) was performed with experimental adhesives containing 6% HEMA (H6) and 18% HEMA (H18) and a commercial dental adhesive. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). Results The enzymatic removal of PGs was confirmed by the absence and fragmentation of GAGs. There was statistically significant difference between the swelling ratio of Try-treated and control dentin (p \u3c 0.001). Significantly lower contact angle was found for Try-treated on wet and dry dentin (p \u3c 0.002). The contact angle on re-wet dentin was not recovered in Try-treated group (p = 0.9). Removal of PGs significantly improved the TBS of H6 (109% higher, p \u3c 0.001) and H18 (29% higher, p = 0.002) when compared to control. The TBS of commercial adhesive was not affected by trypsin treatment (p = 0.9). Significance Changing the surface energy of dentin by PGs removal improved resin adhesion, likely due to more efficient water displacement, aiding to improved resin infiltration and polymerization