Reflexiones sobre la philía y la polis a partir de Aristóteles y su Ética nicomaquea

En el trabajo “Reflexiones sobre la philía y la polis a partir de Aristóteles y su Ética nicomaquea” tiene por objetivo examinar, por una parte, las condiciones que el Estagirita supone esenciales para caracterizar a la philía primera como un práctica virtuosa y, por otra parte, revisar si esas condiciones eran compatibles con una dimensión política de la amistad. Uno de los aspectos más importantes fue el examen de la relación entre la condición del amor por uno mismo y la exigencia de altruismo, ambas rasgos propios del hombre virtuoso. La conclusión principal de este trabajo fue destacar que el análisis aristotélico de la philía es altamente sugestivo para indicar que hay actos que pueden calificarse plenamente como actos morales y que ellos pueden constituirse como prácticas virtuosas.Abstract. This work “Considerations about philía and polis based on Aristotle and his Nichomachean Ethics” has the purpose of examining the conditions that Aristotle assumes as essentials in order to characterize the first kind of friendship as a way of being virtous. This lead us to think about if the conditions that Aristotle assumes as necessaries were compatible or not with a political dimension. One of the most relevant aspects is the relation between love for oneself and the demand of altruism, both very important conditions for being a good and decent person (epiekes). The main conclusion of this work was emphasize that the aristotelic analysis of the philía is very suggestive for distinguish genuine moral acts that could be considered as way of practicing the virtue.Maestrí

Characterization of lorry washing sludge

The sludge generated by washing lorry refuse and some fractions of municipal solid waste have been studied, to justify that washing sludge presents no danger and can therefore be managed adequately in a landfill, as well as other municipal solid waste fractions. One problem attributed to this type of sludge is its high level of sulfide content, which causes this waste to be considered hazardous. The determination of sulfide content in the studied samples was carried out according to environmental protection agency methods 9030B and 9034, and the results show that the sulfide concentration in the sludge is less than other fractions of the municipal solid waste treatment plants, which can properly composted, in which sulfides are oxidized to sulfates. Lorry washing sludge could therefore be managed in a municipal solid waste treatment plant

Heritage, geographical scale and didactic potentiality: Students and teachers’ perspectives

Heritage and space establish reciprocal relations that have been studied for decades. On the one hand, heritage has been described as an inherently spatial phenomenon. On the other hand, places are defined according to the attributes that make up their identity, among which heritage is a fundamental instrument. On the basis of the idea that education plays an important role in the socialization process, transmitted by the inherited culture, to integrate each subject within the specific community, and the notion of scale as the closest to heritage, we defined as general objectives to determine the relationships between geographic scales, heritage perspective and the didactic potential granted to heritage, within the framework of the construction of collective identities, and to contrast the perspectives of students and teachers regarding the geographical scale, heritage and their didactic potential, deducing implications for educational practices. In order to answer to these objectives, we carried out a non-experimental quantitative research, with a relational-predictive objective. Specifically, we used a survey method, being the context the whole of the local scale (Fuente Álamo, Murcia, Spain) and acting as participants all students and teachers of Secondary Education (n = 459) linked to social sciences. They answered the Test on Didactic Potentiality of Heritage according to Scale (TDPHS), and its information was analysed through different procedures (Spearman’s correlations, descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U…), using the statistical programs SPSS. The results show, on the one hand, that the scalar perspective scores are generally low, heritage perspective is consistent with the consideration of the scales, and the perceived didactic potential in relation to heritage is related to the importance given to each of the scales; and, on the other hand, the contrast in the perspectives of students and teachers regarding the geographical scale, heritage and their didactic potential is minimal

Problems and Challenges for the Ideal Teacher of the 21st Century: A Grounded Theory Model

El objetivo de este trabajo es configurar un modelo de dificultades y propuestas para poner en práctica la conceptualización del maestro ideal desde la perspectiva de los propios docentes. La identidad del docente se configura por medio de percepciones subjetivas verbalizadas en el discurso analítico del maestro, que relacionan la dimensión profesional y personal con el contexto en el que se circunscribe, y que se va configurando continuamente. Se opta por la Teoría Fundamentada, como método, y se emplea la técnica del grupo de discusión, con 10 participantes de distintos perfiles en el ámbito educativo: formación inicial, formación final, docente en búsqueda de empleo, docente novel, docente experimentado y formador de futuros formadores. El “Modelo de dificultades y propuestas para la materialización del ideal docente”, se ha especificado en las supracategorías “Problemas para la materialización” y “Propuestas para la materialización” en relación con las siguientes dimensiones: perfil del estudiante, formación y acceso, motivaciones, marco organizativo y curricular y práctica docente. Los resultados evidencian que el paradigma en el que se inserta el modelo resultante está en la línea del enfoque socioconstructivista, así como la necesidad de una práctica reflexiva pedagógica multifocal, centrada en el ambiente social y cooperativo del aprendizaje.The objective of this work is to configure a model of difficulties and proposals to put into practice the conceptualization of the ideal teacher from the perspective of the teachers. The identity of the teacher is configured through subjective perceptions verbalized in the analytical discourse of the teacher, which relate the professional and personal dimension to the context in which it is circumscribed. Grounded Theory is chosen as the method, and the discussion group as a technique, consisting of 10 participants of different profiles in the educational field: initial training, final training, teacher looking for a job, new teacher, experienced teacher and trainer of prospective teachers. The "Model of difficulties and proposals for the materialization of the teaching ideal" has been specified in the supracategories "Problems for materialization" and "Proposals for materialization" in relation to the following dimensions: student profile, training and access, motivations, organizational and curricular framework and teaching practice. The results show that the paradigm in which the resulting model is inserted is in line with the socio-constructivist approach, as well as the need for a multifocal reflective pedagogical practice, centered on the social and cooperative learning environment.Red de Calidad, Innovación e Investigación en Docencia Universitaria "Aportación a la enseñanza para el aprendizaje a lo largo de toda la vida" (REDES- I3CE-2020-5057), del Instituto de Ciencias de Educación del Vicerrectorado de Calidad e Innovación Educativa de la Universidad de Alicante

Dificultades y Propuestas para el Maestro Ideal del Siglo XXI: un Modelo desde la Teoría Fundamentada

The objective of this work is to configure a model of difficulties and proposals to put into practice the conceptualization of the ideal teacher from the perspective of the teachers. The identity of the teacher is configured through subjective perceptions verbalized in the analytical discourse of the teacher, which relate the professional and personal dimension to the context in which it is circumscribed. Grounded Theory is chosen as the method, and the discussion group as a technique, consisting of 10 participants of different profiles in the educational field: initial training, final training, teacher looking for a job, new teacher, experienced teacher and trainer of prospective teachers. The "Model of difficulties and proposals for the materialization of the teaching ideal" has been specified in the supracategories "Problems for materialization" and "Proposals for materialization" in relation to the following dimensions: student profile, training and access, motivations, organizational and curricular framework and teaching practice. The results show that the paradigm in which the resulting model is inserted is in line with the socio-constructivist approach, as well as the need for a multifocal reflective pedagogical practice, centered on the social and cooperative learning environment.El objetivo de este trabajo es configurar un modelo de dificultades y propuestas para poner en práctica la conceptualización del maestro ideial desde la perspectiva de los propios docentes. La identidad del docente se configura por medio de percepciones subjetivas verbalizadas en el discurso analítico del maestro, que relacionan la dimensión profesional y personal con el contexto en el que se circunscribe, y que se va configurando continuamente. Se opta por la Teoría Fundamentada, como método, y se emplea la técnica del grupo de discusión, con 10 participantes de distintos perfiles en el ámbito educativo: formación inicial, formación final, docente en búsqueda de empleo, docente novel, docente experimenado y formador de futuros formadores. El “Modelo de dificultades y propuestas para la materialización del ideal docente”, se ha especificado en las supracategorías “Problemas para la materialización” y “Propuestas para la materialización” en relación con las siguientes dimensiones: perfil del estudiante, formación y acceso, motivaciones, marco organizativo y curricular y práctica docente. Los resultados evidencian que el paradigma en el que se inserta el modelo resultante está en la línea del enfoque socioconstructivista, así como la necesidad de una práctica reflexiva pedagógica multifocal, centrada en el ambiente social y cooperativo del aprendizaje

análisis relacional de las actividades características de la gestión humana desarrolladas por las empresas de los sectores industrial, de servicios y maritimo en Cartagena

Para identificar las relaciones entre las actividades características de la gestión humana desarrolladas por las empresas en los sectores Industrial, de Servicios y Marítimo en Cartagena se realizó un análisis relacional, se ha consultado un marco de referencia cuyos hallazgos se fundamentan en las actividades características de la gestión humana y que demuestran los criterios de aplicación en las diferentes empresas que conforman los sectores mencionados. La gestión humana es considerada como la administración del recurso humano de manera funcional y operacional, con énfasis en la centralización de las acciones que ayuden a la conformación del talento propio la organización. El análisis relacional se fundamentó en el conocimiento de las actividades de gestión humana según los criterios de aplicación por parte de las empresas, uso de estrategias y programas, las oportunidades de mejoramiento en la gestión y por último, el diagnóstico de tales conceptos relacionados proporciona la base para aportar sugerencias de acuerdo al sector económico a la que pertenecen. Las principales conclusiones apuntan a que se encontró que en los procesos de gestión humana puede haber interacción entre las actividades que se recopilaron de la revisión realizada, por ejemplo, en el proceso de selección, gestión por competencias y bienestar y desarrollo, pueden compartir actividades como: planes de carrera profesional; capacitación y desarrollo, y evaluación del personal. A pesar de que cada proceso puede conservar actividades propias, también puede darse el caso de relacionarse con otros procesos de administración de recursos humanos

Formación de maestros en Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación: una perspectiva diacrónica

In this work, we define as a general objective to compare teacher training with the requirements of educational laws from a historical perspective, contextualising it from the 90s onwards in the Spanish context. We carried out a documentary analysis, around the treatment of ICT in legislation, initial and ongoing training and selective processes. The results show progressive incorporation of ICTs in all the areas, although with different rhythms.En este trabajo, definimos como objetivo general comparar la formación de los maestros con los requerimientos propios de las leyes educativas desde una perspectiva histórica, contextualizándolo desde la década de los 90 hasta hoy en el contexto español. Para ello, realizamos un análisis documental, alrededor del tratamiento de las TIC en legislación, formación inicial y permanente y procesos selectivos. Los resultados muestran una incorporación progresiva de las TIC en todas las áreas, aunque a ritmos diferentes

The cell division protein FtsZ from Streptococcus pneumoniae exhibits a GTPase activity delay

© 2015 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.. The cell division protein FtsZ assembles in vitro by a mechanism of cooperative association dependent on GTP, monovalent cations, and Mg2+. We have analyzed the GTPase activity and assembly dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae FtsZ (Spn-FtsZ). SpnFtsZ assembled in an apparently cooperative process, with a higher critical concentration than values reported for other FtsZ proteins. It sedimented in the presence of GTP as a high molecular mass polymer with a well defined size and tended to form double-stranded filaments in electron microscope preparations. GTPase activity depended on K+ and Mg2+ and was inhibited by Na+. GTP hydrolysis exhibited a delay that included a lag phase followed by a GTP hydrolysis activation step, until reaction reached the GTPase rate. The lag phase was not found in polymer assembly, suggesting a transition from an initial non-GTP-hydrolyzing polymer that switches to a GTP-hydrolyzing polymer, supporting models that explain FtsZ polymer cooperativity.Spanish Government GrantsBIO2011-28941-C03 (to G. R. and C. A.) and BIO2011-28941-C01; Torres Quevedo Program Grant PTQ-11-05049 to Biomol Informatics S.L.Peer Reviewe

Niosomes-based gene delivery systems for effective transfection of human mesenchymal stem cells

Gene transfer to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has arisen as a powerful approach to increase the therapeutic potential of this effective cell population. Over recent years, niosomes have emerged as self-assembled carriers with promising performance for gene delivery. The aim of our work was to develop effective niosomes-based DNA delivery platforms for targeting MSCs. Niosomes based on 1,2-di-O-octadecenyl-3-trimethylammonium propane (DOTMA; 0, 7 or 15%) as cationic lipid, cholesterol as helper lipid, and polysorbate 60 as non-ionic surfactant, were prepared using a reverse phase evaporation technique. Niosomes dispersions (filtered or not) and their corresponding nioplexes with a lacZ plasmid were characterized in terms of size, charge, protection, and complexation abilities. DOTMA concentration had a large influence on the physicochemical properties of resulting nioplexes. Transfection efficiency and cytotoxic profiles were assessed in two immortalized cell lines of MSCs. Niosomes formulated with 15% DOTMA provided the highest values of β-galactosidase activity, being similar to those achieved with Lipofectamine®, but showed less cytotoxicity. Filtration of niosomes dispersions before adding to the cells resulted in a loss of their biological activities. Storage of niosomes formulations (for 30 days at room temperature) caused minor modification of their physicochemical properties but also attenuated the transfection capability of the nioplexes. Differently, addition of the lysosomotropic agent sucrose into the culture medium during transfection or to the formulation itself improved the transfection performance of non-filtered niosomes. Indeed, steam heat-sterilized niosomes prepared in sucrose medium demonstrated transfection capabilityThe work was supported by MICINN [RTI2018-099389-A-100; PID2020-113881RB-I00], Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) Spain, Xunta de Galicia [ED431C 2020/17], and FEDER. A. Rey-Rico acknowledges MICINN for the Ramón y Cajal Fellowship [RYC2018-025617-I] and Universidade da Coruña/CISUG for the funding for open access charge. This project was also funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions grant agreement N° 813440 (ORBITAL–Ocular Research by Integrated Training And Learning)S

Study of the Briquetting Process of Walnut Shells for Pyrolysis and Combustion

Walnut shells can be used as fuels in power plants directly or as biochars obtained by pyrolysis or torrefaction. They are an example of clean waste biomass which shows a low ash content and a high Net Calorific Value, making them excellent for energy recovery in industrial and non-industrial applications, such as in bakeries, restaurants, and homes. Their main inconvenience is their low bulk density. Densification is a possible solution that reduces the costs of transportation, handling, and storage. In this work, after the characterization of the walnut shells, briquettes were obtained using a hydraulic piston press briquette machine under different conditions to find the best quality without the need for previous grinding for pelletizing. This method features easy operation and maintenance, and the briquette shape could be adapted as desired. The quality of the briquettes was measured through their density and durability. After fixing a compaction pressure to obtain acceptable briquettes, the factors affecting their quality were studied: operating temperature, moisture content, and the presence of small amounts of walnuts. Good quality briquettes were obtained with a compaction pressure of 66 MPa, with densities around 1040 kg/m3, and durabilities higher than 94% when the process was carried at 140 °C. The greatest increase in durability was observed between briquettes obtained at room temperature and those obtained at 80 °C. The presence of small amounts of walnuts, common after the shelling process, improved the durability. Although water is necessary, briquettes obtained from biomass with only 1% of moisture showed better durabilities. Therefore, walnut shells are suitable for obtaining good quality briquettes according to the specifications of solid biofuels established in the standards, without the need for any pretreatment.This research was funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spain) [grant number AEI/10.13039/501100011033], by the University of Alicante [grant number UAUSTI21-03] and by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competividad [Research Project CTQ2016-76608-R]