carbonation of steel slag testing of the wet route in a pilot scale reactor

Abstract This work reports the first results of an on-going activity aimed at the scale up of the wet-route carbonation of steel slag for storing CO2 and generating a product with valorization potential. Two batches of Basic Oxygen Furnace slag (BOF1 and BOF2) collected at different times from a steelmaking plant downstream iron recovery were used to perform the tests in a pilot-scale rotary kiln unit part of ENEA's research infrastructure. The tests were carried out at ambient (25 °C- 37 °C) and enhanced temperature (45 °C-53 °C), under a 40-47% CO2 flow, at atmospheric pressure for a reaction time of 30 min. In each experiment around 1000-1500 g of BOF slag was employed. The residues were humidified in order to achieve a liquid to solid ratio of 0.17 l/kg. This value was selected on the basis of the results of preliminary lab-scale static and dynamic experiments that are also presented in this paper. The product collected at the end of each test was cured at controlled conditions (T=25 °C e RH=100%) for 28 days and then characterized in terms of particle size, CO2 uptake and environmental behavior. The mean diameter (D50) of the obtained product was around 1 mm for the tests performed at room temperature and slightly lower for the test performed at 50 °C, i.e. around twice the size of the starting material. The CO2 uptake measured for samples collected immediately after the tests was quite similar (4-6% wt.), whereas after curing a 50% increase was observed for all BOF1 slag samples, while only a slight increase was observed for BOF2 slag. These results are significantly higher than the ones of the lab-scale tests. The leaching behavior of the product appeared also to be significantly affected by the treatment performed in the pilot plant

Úlcera de Lipschutz: uma revisão de literatura

Initially in 1913, Lipschutz described a vulvar ulcer pattern in female adolescents with no history of sexual intercourse associated with a sudden onset, painful vulvar ulceration, and systemic prodromes. Also known as ulcus vulvae actum or acute genital ulcer, it is a reaction to an infection or an inflammation, which can be systemic or localized in a non-vulvar site. The Lipschutz ulcer (LU) is a diagnosis of exclusion and it has numerous differential diagnoses. For example, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), non-venereal diseases, drug reactions, traumatic and neoplastic causes, among others, should be considered. This study aims to review the diagnosis and treatment of LU, since this disease is often underdiagnosed and constitutes an important differential diagnosis of genital ulcers. It is important to remember that this disease has a non-specific prodromic clinical condition, presenting itself with painful ulcers in the genital region, it is not sexually transmitted, it is self-limited and the treatment is focused on analgesia for better patient ease.   Keywords: acute genital ulcer, Lipschutz ulcer, vulvar ulcer. Inicialmente, em 1913, Lipschutz descreveu um padrão de úlcera vulvar em adolescentes do sexo feminino sem histórico de relações sexuais associadas a um início súbito, ulceração vulvar dolorosa e pródromos sistêmicos. Também conhecida como ulcus vulvae actum ou úlcera genital aguda, é uma reação a uma infecção ou inflamação, que pode ser sistêmica ou localizada em um sítio não vulvar. A úlcera de Lipschutz (UL) é um diagnóstico de exclusão e tem inúmeros diagnósticos diferenciais. Por exemplo, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs), doenças não venéreas, reações a drogas, causas traumáticas e neoplásicas, entre outras, devem ser consideradas. Este estudo tem como objetivo revisar o diagnóstico e o tratamento da UL, uma vez que esta doença é frequentemente subdiagnosticada e constitui um importante diagnóstico diferencial de úlceras genitais. É importante lembrar que esta doença possui uma condição clínica prodrômica não específica, apresentando úlceras dolorosas na região genital, não é sexualmente transmitida, é autolimitada e o tratamento é focado na analgesia para um melhor conforto do paciente. Palavras-chave: Úlcera genital aguda, Úlcera de Lipschutz, Úlcera vulvar

Estimulação cerebral profunda na Doença de Parkinson: evidências de estudos de longa duração

A Doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma condição neurodegenerativa crônica que afeta principalmente idosos, mas pode ocorrer em adultos jovens. É a segunda doença neurodegenerativa mais comum, após o Alzheimer. A DP afeta 1% dos indivíduos acima de 60 anos em países industrializados. Sua causa envolve fatores genéticos e ambientais, como exposição a pesticidas e envelhecimento. A Estimulação Cerebral Profunda (DBS) é um tratamento que simula lesões cerebrais, melhorando sintomas motores e não motores. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar evidências de estudos sobre a eficácia da DBS no tratamento da DP. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de estudos quantitativos que utiliza as bases de dados PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) para selecionar artigos científicos. Os estudos incluídos abrangem o período de 2013 a 2023 e estão em inglês, abordando a DBS no tratamento da DP. A DBS melhora diversos sintomas motores e não motores, resultando em uma melhor qualidade de vida para os pacientes. Tais benefícios são sustentados mesmo em estágios avançados da Doença de Parkinson, a qual consiste em fornecer pulsos de corrente elétrica a áreas cerebrais profundas através de eletrodos implantados cirurgicamente, geralmente quando a terapia medicamentosa já não é eficaz. Em um estudo com 82 pacientes, a terapia com DBS resultou em uma redução de ± 52% nos sintomas motores do UPDRS sob medicação antes da cirurgia. A melhora nos sintomas motores com a estimulação, em comparação com a ausência de estimulação e medicação, foi de ± 61% no primeiro ano e ± 39% de 8 a 15 anos após a cirurgia (antes da reprogramação). A medicação foi reduzida em ± 55% após 1 ano e ± 44% após 8 a 15 anos, com a maioria dos pacientes mostrando melhorias após a reprogramação. De acordo com as literaturas analisadas, a DBS é uma terapia eficaz para a DP. Enfatiza-se a importância da inovação contínua e dos novos estudos para explorar as facetas não investigadas desse campo. Com a abordagem dos aspectos clínicos, cirúrgicos, tecnológicos e científicos, destacam-se os benefícios, limitações e desafios a serem superados. Ademais, inovações tecnológicas na DBS, como a estimulação direcional, adaptativa e a telemedicina estão sendo exploradas. Em suma, este artigo fornece evidências sobre os benefícios da DBS na DP, ressaltando a necessidade de pesquisas adicionais para otimizar tal intervenção terapêutica e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes

The Human Phenotype Ontology in 2024: phenotypes around the world.

The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) is a widely used resource that comprehensively organizes and defines the phenotypic features of human disease, enabling computational inference and supporting genomic and phenotypic analyses through semantic similarity and machine learning algorithms. The HPO has widespread applications in clinical diagnostics and translational research, including genomic diagnostics, gene-disease discovery, and cohort analytics. In recent years, groups around the world have developed translations of the HPO from English to other languages, and the HPO browser has been internationalized, allowing users to view HPO term labels and in many cases synonyms and definitions in ten languages in addition to English. Since our last report, a total of 2239 new HPO terms and 49235 new HPO annotations were developed, many in collaboration with external groups in the fields of psychiatry, arthrogryposis, immunology and cardiology. The Medical Action Ontology (MAxO) is a new effort to model treatments and other measures taken for clinical management. Finally, the HPO consortium is contributing to efforts to integrate the HPO and the GA4GH Phenopacket Schema into electronic health records (EHRs) with the goal of more standardized and computable integration of rare disease data in EHRs

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Distinct YFV Lineages Co-circulated in the Central-Western and Southeastern Brazilian Regions From 2015 to 2018

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-06-28T14:08:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AFBrito_RMMiranda_etal_IOC_2019.pdf: 2040806 bytes, checksum: 743895e9684243fccc1591947dfd8281 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-06-28T14:25:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AFBrito_RMMiranda_etal_IOC_2019.pdf: 2040806 bytes, checksum: 743895e9684243fccc1591947dfd8281 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-06-28T14:25:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AFBrito_RMMiranda_etal_IOC_2019.pdf: 2040806 bytes, checksum: 743895e9684243fccc1591947dfd8281 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microorganismos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil / Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais. Salinas, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil / Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable. Departamento de Biología Molecular. División Biología Molecular y Genética. Montevideo, Uruguay.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Secretaria de Saúde de Goiás. Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Dr. Giovanni Cysneiros. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Departamento de Vigilância das Doenças Transmissíveis. Coordenação Geral de Vigilância das Doenças Transmissíveis. Brasília, DF, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Departamento de Vigilância das Doenças Transmissíveis. Coordenação Geral de Vigilância das Doenças Transmissíveis. Brasília, DF, Brasil.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas. Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microorganismos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.The current outbreak of yellow fever virus (YFV) that is afflicting Brazil since the end of 2016 probably originated from a re-introduction of YFV from endemic areas into the non-endemic Southeastern Brazil. However, the lack of genomic sequences from endemic regions hinders the tracking of YFV's dissemination routes. We assessed the origin and spread of the ongoing YFV Brazilian outbreak analyzing a new set of YFV strains infecting humans, non-human primates (NHPs) and mosquitoes sampled across five Brazilian states from endemic and non-endemic regions between 2015 and 2018. We found two YFV sub-clade 1E lineages circulating in NHP from Goiás state (GO), resulting from independent viral introductions into the Araguaia tributary river basin: while one strain from 2017 clustered intermingled with Venezuelan YFV strains from 2000, the other YFV strains sampled in 2015 and 2017 clustered with sequences of the current YFV outbreak in the Brazilian Southeastern region (named YFV2015-2018 lineage), displaying the same molecular signature associated to the current YFV outbreak. After its introduction in GO at around mid-2014, the YFV2015-2018 lineage followed two paths of dissemination outside GO, originating two major YFV sub-lineages: (1) the YFVMG/ES/RJ sub-lineage spread sequentially from the eastern area of Minas Gerais state to Espírito Santo and then to Rio de Janeiro states, following the Southeast Atlantic basin; (2) the YFVMG/SP sub-lineage spread from the southwestern area of Minas Gerais to the metropolitan region of São Paulo state, following the Paraná basin. These results indicate the ongoing YFV outbreak in Southeastern Brazil originated from a dissemination event from GO almost 2 years before its recognition at the end of 2016. From GO this lineage was introduced in Minas Gerais state at least two times, originating two sub-lineages that followed different routes toward densely populated areas. The spread of YFV outside endemic regions for at least 4 years stresses the imperative importance of the continuous monitoring of YFV to aid decision-making for effective control policies aiming the increase of vaccination coverage to avoid the YFV transmission in densely populated urban centers

Evolutionary dynamics and dissemination pattern of the SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.33 during the early pandemic phase in Brazil

We would like to thank the funding support from CGLab/MoH (General Laboratories Coordination of Brazilian Ministry of Health), CVSLR/FIOCRUZ (Coordination of Health Surveillance and Reference Laboratories of Oswaldo Cruz Foundation), CNPq COVID-19 MCTI 402457/2020-0, and INOVA VPPCB-005-FIO20-2Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Brazilian Ministry of Health. Pan-American Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2 National Reference Laboratory. Regional Reference Laboratory in Americas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Campus de Alegre. Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saude. Departamento de Biologia. Vitória, ES, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brazil.Universidad de la Republica. Centro Universitario Regional del Litoral Norte. Unidad de Genomica y Bioinformatica. Salto, Uruguay.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Brazilian Ministry of Health. Pan-American Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2 National Reference Laboratory. Regional Reference Laboratory in Americas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Brazilian Ministry of Health. Pan-American Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2 National Reference Laboratory. Regional Reference Laboratory in Americas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Brazilian Ministry of Health. Pan-American Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2 National Reference Laboratory. Regional Reference Laboratory in Americas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Brazilian Ministry of Health. Pan-American Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2 National Reference Laboratory. Regional Reference Laboratory in Americas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Brazilian Ministry of Health. Pan-American Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2 National Reference Laboratory. Regional Reference Laboratory in Americas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Brazilian Ministry of Health. Pan-American Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2 National Reference Laboratory. Regional Reference Laboratory in Americas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhaes. Recife, PE, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhaes. Recife, PE, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Laboratorio Central de Saude Publica do Estado de Santa Catarina. Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.Laboratorio Central de Saude Publica do Estado Espirito Santo. Vitoria, ES, Brazil.Laboratorio Central de Saude Publica do Distrito Federal. Brasília, DF, Brazil.Laboratorio Central de Saude Publica de Alagoas. Maceio, AL, Brazil.Laboratorio Central de Saude Publica da Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brazil.Laboratorio Central de Saude Publica de Sergipe. Aracaju, SE, Brazil.Laboratorio Central de Saude Publica de Parana. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Laboratorio Central de Saude Publica de Parana. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cuz - Mato Grosso do Sul. Campo Grande, MT, Brazil / Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Campo Grande, MT, Brazil.Ministério da Defesa. Hospital das Forças Armadas. Brasília, DF, Brazil.Ministério da Saude. Coordenadoria Geral de Laboratorios. Brasília, DF, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratorio de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Brazilian Ministry of Health. Pan-American Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2 National Reference Laboratory. Regional Reference Laboratory in Americas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.A previous study demonstrates that most of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Brazilian strains fell in three local clades that were introduced from Europe around late February 2020. Here we investigated in more detail the origin of the major and most widely disseminated SARS-CoV-2 Brazilian lineage B.1.1.33. We recovered 190 whole viral genomes collected from 13 Brazilian states from February 29 to April 31, 2020 and combined them with other B.1.1 genomes collected globally. Our genomic survey confirms that lineage B.1.1.33 is responsible for a variable fraction of the community viral transmissions in Brazilian states, ranging from 2% of all SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Pernambuco to 80% of those from Rio de Janeiro. We detected a moderate prevalence (5-18%) of lineage B.1.1.33 in some South American countries and a very low prevalence (<1%) in North America, Europe, and Oceania. Our study reveals that lineage B.1.1.33 evolved from an ancestral clade, here designated B.1.1.33-like, that carries one of the two B.1.1.33 synapomorphic mutations. The B.1.1.33-like lineage may have been introduced from Europe or arose in Brazil in early February 2020 and a few weeks later gave origin to the lineage B.1.1.33. These SARS-CoV-2 lineages probably circulated during February 2020 and reached all Brazilian regions and multiple countries around the world by mid-March, before the implementation of air travel restrictions in Brazil. Our phylodynamic analysis also indicates that public health interventions were partially effective to control the expansion of lineage B.1.1.33 in Rio de Janeiro because its median effective reproductive number (R e ) was drastically reduced by about 66% during March 2020, but failed to bring it to below one. Continuous genomic surveillance of lineage B.1.1.33 might provide valuable information about epidemic dynamics and the effectiveness of public health interventions in some Brazilian states