145 research outputs found
Breaking the Chains of Dependency: From Patronage to Class Politics, Toulouse, France 1830-1872
http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/50917/1/142.pd
A Marxist Approach to Occupational Classification
http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/50907/1/132.pd
From a Building to an Architectural Artifact: The impact of Architectâs Worldview on the Status of an Architectural Artifact
Architecture is to design a space by human-architect for human-user; hence in addition to the physical and environmental factors, architectâs worldview is deemed to be as an initiative and a directing factor for the architectural designing process which is of high significance. An architectâs perception of human and human needs has a great impact on design process and the way designing is directed, it also architectâs worldview determines the domains from which the required data should be obtained and for which purpose they should be processed. The present study is aimed at exploring the issue of how the status of an architectural product as the tangible result of the designing process might be influenced by the architectâs worldview. Hence, by examining the relations between the existential fields of architecture and the existential realms of human beings, which is the resultant of the architect's worldview, a range of products starting from buildings and continuing to architectural products are investigated. Based on the nature of issues studied in this paper, a descriptive-analytical research method and deductive approach were used and the related data were collected through library method
Oral health and characteristics of saliva in diabetic and healthy children
BackgroundDiabetes is the most common metabolic disorder. Idiopathic destruction of pancreatic beta cells will result in progressive loss of insulin, increase in ketone bodies, PH reduction and changes in bicarbonate neutralizing system in all body fluids including saliva and the oral cavity.AimsThe aim of this study was to compare the quality and quantity of saliva and oral health in children and adolescents with diabetes compared to healthy children.Methods In this study, 27 diabetic patients (9 males, 18 females, with age range 7â18) were studied. A control group (27 people) were selected from healthy persons with similar age and sexual conditions. The amount of saliva was evaluated in 5 minutes, by non-stimulant collecting, in plastic vials. The PH and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) were measured using paper strip and TAC kit. Oral and dental health was measured using DMFT and MGI indexes.Results Saliva in patients showed less secretion than control group (1.09±0.13, 5.28±0.23, p < 0.01), PH (5.28±0.09, 7.11±0.10, p < 0.001), and total antioxidant capacity was lower (0.36±0.04, 0.5±0.04, p < 0.001) compared to controls group. DMF and MGI indicators were more in patients than in control group (p < 0.001).ConclusionPatients with type 1 diabetes had less secretion, PH and antioxidant defence and as a result had more dental and oral problems compared to healthy children that with higher DMFT and MGI these patients require further training in this field and regularly examinations
Material Food Probes:Personalized 3D Printed Flavors for Intimate Communication
Interactions with food are complex, integrating rich multisensory experiences within emotionally meaningful social contexts. Yet, the opportunities to explore food as material resource for emotional communication have been less explored. We describe a two-month project with 5 couples centered on the co-design of personalized flavors for intimate communication, which were experienced through an explorative three day study involving a 3D food printer in participantsâ homes. We discuss the value of our findings indicating preferences for both remembered and imagined positive flavors and their integration in focal intimacy practices to support emotional coregulation. We also discuss material food probes and their value for exploring and inspiring both design-with and design-around food
Accounting and social movements: An exploration of critical accounting praxis
A central tenet of critical accounting research maintains the need to challenge and change existing social relations; moving towards a more emancipated and equitable social order. The question of how critical accounting research upholds this principle has been intermittently discussed. This paper aims to engage with, and further, this discussion by contributing to research linking accounting information to social movements.
The paper reviews the literature on accounting and social movements, central to which is the work of Gallhofer and Haslam; using their work as a departure point we discussion the nature of accounting information and focus on social movement unionism (SMU). Drawing on Bakhtinian dialogics and classical Marxism we develop an alternative theoretical framework to analyse an example of accounting information and social movements, covering a trade union pay dispute. The paper concludes with a discussion of the class nature of accounting information, including an exploration of the implications for accounting praxis and agency in the struggles for an emancipated world.
The paper builds on the limited amount of existing work in this area; exploring the âclass belongingnessâ of accounting information and developing an understanding which can help guide the praxis of critical accounting researchers
Machina ex Deus? From Distributed to Orchestrated Agency
In this chapter, the author draws on a historical case study of the Australian wine industry to explore variations in collective agency. The inductively derived process model illustrates the emergence of a new profession of scientific win- emaking, which unfolds in three phases. Each phase is characterized by a dis- tinct form of agency: distributed agency during the earliest phase, coordinated agency during later phases, and orchestrated agency during consolidation. In addition to exploring the temporal shifts in agency, the study includes a detailed analysis of the early stages of distributed agency, examining how col- lective agency is achieved in the absence of shared intentions
Civil society leadership in the struggle for AIDS treatment in South Africa and Uganda
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.This thesis is an attempt to theorise and operationalise empirically the notion of âcivil society leadershipâ in Sub-Saharan Africa. âAIDS leadership,â which is associated with the intergovernmental institutions charged with coordinating the global response to HIV/AIDS, is both under-theorised and highly context-specific. In this study I therefore opt for an inclusive framework that draws on a range of approaches, including the literature on âleadershipâ, institutions, social movements and the ânetworkâ perspective on civil society mobilisation. This framework is employed in rich and detailed empirical descriptions (âthick descriptionâ) of civil society mobilisation around AIDS, including contentious AIDS activism, in the key case studies of South Africa and Uganda. South Africa and Uganda are widely considered key examples of poor and good leadership (from national political leaders) respectively, while the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) and The AIDS Support Organisation (TASO) are both seen as highly effective civil society movements. These descriptions emphasise âtransnational networks of influenceâ in which civil society leaders participated (and at times actively constructed) in order to mobilise both symbolic and material resources aimed at exerting influence at the transnational, national and local levels
Qualitative Migration Research: Viable Goals, Open-Ended Questions, and Multidimensional Answers
Following a brief review of the epistemological premises informing qualitative methodologies, I identify the key features of qualitative research undertaken in the verstehende or interpretative social-science tradition, which render it particularly well suited to capturing the inherent dynamics of the lived experience of human beings in general and, in our case, of immigrants: its multi-dimensionality; its ability to accommodate ambiguity and outright contradictions; its emphasis on the temporality and fluidity of social phenomena; and its insistence on the contextual and situational nature of human perceptions and agency. Next, I argue that the research goals appropriate for qualitative investigations as proposed by Charles Ragin (Constructing social research. Pine Forge Press, Thousand Oaks, 1994) â exploring diversity, giving voice, testing/refining theories or guiding concepts, and generating new research questions â can be realized by asking questions and gathering answers related to these issues in the context of (im)migrantsâ experience. These claims are illustrated with questions asked and answers obtained through three standard methods of qualitative research: interviewing, observation, and document analysis. The examples draw from the current and emerging problem agendas in migration studies. I also discuss the strengths and limitations of research questions probing the complexity and un(der)determinacy of (im)migrantsâ lives and the answers they generate
Neoliberalism and the revival of agricultural cooperatives: The case of the coffee sector in Uganda
Agricultural cooperatives have seen a comeback in subâSaharan Africa. After the collapse of many weakly performing monopolist organizations during the 1980s and 1990s, strengthened cooperatives have emerged since the 2000s. Scholarly knowledge about the stateâcooperative relations in which this ârevivalâ takes place remains poor. Based on new evidence from Uganda's coffee sector, this paper discusses the political economy of Africa's cooperative revival. The authors argue that donors' and African governments' renewed support is framed in largely apolitical terms, which obscures the contested political and economic nature of the revival. In the context of neoliberal restructuring processes, state and nonâstate institutional support to democratic economic organizations with substantial redistributional agendas remains insufficient. The politicalâeconomic context in Ugandaâand potentially elsewhere in Africaâcontributes to poor terms of trade for agricultural cooperatives while maintaining significant state control over some cooperative activities to protect the status quo interests of big capital and state elites. These conditions are unlikely to produce a conflictâfree, substantial, and sustained revival of cooperatives, which the new promoters of cooperatives suggest is under way
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