Methane inhibition by Asparagopsis taxiformis with rumen fluid collected from ventral and central location – a pilot study

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The genetic ancestry of American Creole cattle inferred from uniparental and autosomal genetic markers

Cattle imported from the Iberian Peninsula spread throughout America in the early years of discovery and colonization to originate Creole breeds, which adapted to a wide diversity of environments and later received influences from other origins, including zebu cattle in more recent years. We analyzed uniparental genetic markers and autosomal microsatellites in DNA samples from 114 cattle breeds distributed worldwide, including 40 Creole breeds representing the whole American continent, and samples from the Iberian Peninsula, British islands, Continental Europe, Africa and American zebu. We show that Creole breeds differ considerably from each other, and most have their own identity or group with others from neighboring regions. Results with mtDNA indicate that T1c-lineages are rare in Iberia but common in Africa and are well represented in Creoles from Brazil and Colombia, lending support to a direct African influence on Creoles. This is reinforced by the sharing of a unique Y-haplotype between cattle from Mozambique and Creoles from Argentina. Autosomal microsatellites indicate that Creoles occupy an intermediate position between African and European breeds, and some Creoles show a clear Iberian signature. Our results confirm the mixed ancestry of American Creole cattle and the role that African cattle have played in their development

The genetic ancestry of american creole cattle inferred from uniparental and autosomal genetic markers.

Cattle imported from the Iberian Peninsula spread throughout America in the early years of discovery and colonization to originate Creole breeds, which adapted to a wide diversity of environments and later received influences from other origins, including zebu cattle in more recent years. We analyzed uniparental genetic markers and autosomal microsatellites in DNA samples from 114 cattle breeds distributed worldwide, including 40 Creole breeds representing the whole American continent, and samples from the Iberian Peninsula, British islands, Continental Europe, Africa and American zebu. We show that Creole breeds differ considerably from each other, and most have their own identity or group with others from neighboring regions. Results with mtDNA indicate that T1c-lineages are rare in Iberia but common in Africa and are well represented in Creoles from Brazil and Colombia, lending support to a direct African influence on Creoles. This is reinforced by the sharing of a unique Y-haplotype between cattle from Mozambique and Creoles from Argentina. Autosomal microsatellites indicate that Creoles occupy an intermediate position between African and European breeds, and some Creoles show a clear Iberian signature. Our results confirm the mixed ancestry of American Creole cattle and the role that African cattle have played in their development

A static model for estimating energy content of compound feeds in a dynamic feed evaluation system

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A static model for estimating energy content of compound feeds in a dynamic feed evaluation system

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Aantasten van peulvruchten door insekten, schimmels, breuk en dergelijke

The enzymatic digestibility of organic matter (EDOM) method is an in vitro multi-enzymatic method for estimating the organic matter (OM) digestibility of feeds. The EDOM method previously showed high accuracy with in vivo values for compound feeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the precision of the EDOM method and determine its additivity, compared with the long-assumed additive property of the chemical components of compound feeds. 149 feed samples, 70 commercial compound feeds and 79 associated ingredients, were analyzed in a laboratory (lab1) for OM digestibility measured by EDOM (OMDEDOM) with 2 repetitions separated in time to estimate repeatability. Of the total samples, 49 compound feeds were further analyzed in a commercial laboratory (lab2) for OMDEDOM to determine reproducibility. The 49 compounds and their 69 associated ingredients were also analyzed by lab2 for dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and starch. The EDOM method resulted in an intralaboratory correlation of 98.9% and an interlaboratory correlation of 92.6%, with no significant mean bias between the 2 laboratories tested. The formulation of compound feeds, total mixed rations, and mixtures in general assumes that their nutrient content can be calculated by adding together the nutrient supply of individual ingredients. This is of great importance in the feed industry for the creation of compound feeds. Additivity of OMDEDOM for the compound feed samples was evaluated by comparing the sum of the digestible OM (DOMEDOM) of the ingredients (predicted) with DOMEDOM estimated directly in the compound feed (observed). The regression of predicted versus observed showed a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.93 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.07% of total DM, with no linear bias but with a mean bias (0.83% of DM). Additivity of CP, starch, crude fat, and NDF showed an R2 of 0.95, 0.98, 0.95, and 0.93, and RMSE of 1.56, 1.90, 0.39, and 1.46% of DM, respectively, all presenting linear bias. Crude fat also presented mean bias. Although significant, all linear and mean bias for DOMEDOM and chemical components were within the acceptable error limits for declaration of feeds. The results demonstrate the high precision of the EDOM method and its additive property, which is an advantage for the estimation of OM digestibility in compound feeds. Moreover, results of the tests of chemical components confirm their additive property

Angiotensinogen rs5050 germline genetic variant as potential biomarker of poor prognosis in astrocytoma.

INTRODUCTION:Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in brain cancer represents a scarcely explored field in neuro-oncology. Recently, some pre- and clinical studies have reported that RAS components play a relevant role in the development and behavior of gliomas. The angiotensinogen (AGT) rs5050 genetic variant has been identified as a crucial regulator of the transcription of AGT mRNA, which makes it a logical and promising target of research. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the AGT rs5050 genetic variant in blood with prognosis in astrocytoma. METHODS:A prospective pilot study was performed on forty-eight astrocytoma patients, who received the standard-of-care treatment. Blood samples were taken prior to surgery and DNA was sequenced using Ion Torrent next-generation sequencing and analyzed by Ion Reporter software. Descriptive, bivariate, multivariate, and survival analyses were performed using SPSS v21, STATA 12 and GraphPad Prism 7. RESULTS:Median follow-up was 41 months (range 1-48). Survival analysis showed a significant difference between the rs5050 genotypes (p = .05). We found lower survival rates in individuals with the GG-genotype of rs5050 AGT compared to patients with the TT- and TG-genotype (2 months vs. 11.5 months, respectively [p = .01]). In bivariate and multivariate analyses, GG-genotype was negatively associated with survival. CONCLUSIONS:In patients with astrocytoma, AGT rs5050 GG-genotype was associated with poor prognosis. We propose this germline genetic variant as a complementary biomarker, which can be detected practically and safely in blood samples or saliva

Author Correction: The genetic ancestry of American Creole cattle inferred from uniparental and autosomal genetic markers (Scientific Reports, (2019), 9, 1, (11486), 10.1038/s41598-019-47636-0)

Correction to: Scientific Reports https ://doi.org/10.1038/s4159 8-019-47636 -0, published online 07 August 2019 This Article contains errors. The Acknowledgements section in this Article is incomplete, the funding source LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-016647 is omitted, “This work was supported by Animal Breeding Consulting S.L., Córdoba, Spain. This work was partially funded by the Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, University of California, Davis, VELOGEN S.L., Madrid, Spain and by Grupo de Referencia A19-17R LAGENBIO from Gobierno de Aragon/Fondo Social Europeo. C.G. was supported by Fundação Nacional para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, Investigador FCT Grant IF/00, 866/2014, and Project grant PTDC/CVTLIV/2827/2014 co-funded by COMPETE 2020 POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016647. The authors thank the collaboration of breeders, breed associations and “Red Iberoamericana Sobre la Conservacion de la Biodiversidad de Animales Domesticos Locales para el Desarollo Rural Sostenible (Red CONBIAND)” for the sharing of biological samples. Members of the CYTED XII-H and CONBIAND networks are thanked for valuable cooperation over the years. Authors thank Juan Antonio Pereira (FCV-UAGRM, Bolivia) and Olivier Hanotte for their support with sampling Criollo Yacumeño and Eastern Shorthorn Zebu respectively.” should read: “This work was supported by Animal Breeding Consulting S.L., Córdoba, Spain. This work was partially funded by the Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, University of California, Davis, VELOGEN S.L., Madrid, Spain and by Grupo de Referencia A19-17R LAGENBIO from Gobierno de Aragon/Fondo Social Europeo. C.G. was supported by Fundação Nacional para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, Investigador FCT Grant IF/00, 866/2014, Project grant PTDC/CVTLIV/2827/2014 co-funded by COMPETE 2020 POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016647 and LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-016647. The authors thank the collaboration of breeders, breed associations and “Red Iberoamericana Sobre la Conservacion de la Biodiversidad de Animales Domesticos Locales para el Desarollo Rural Sostenible (Red CONBIAND)” for the sharing of biological samples. Members of the CYTED XII-H and CONBIAND networks are thanked for valuable cooperation over the years. Authors thank Juan Antonio Pereira (FCV-UAGRM, Bolivia) and Olivier Hanotte for their support with sampling Criollo Yacumeño and Eastern Shorthorn Zebu, respectively.” In addition, a Data Availability section is not included in the article – it should appear as below: “Data availability STR data used in our analysis is available in the Dryad repository: https :; doi.org/10.5061/dryad .5dv41 ns43”

The genetic ancestry of American Creole cattle inferred from uniparental and autosomal genetic markers

Cattle imported from the Iberian Peninsula spread throughout America in the early years of discovery and colonization to originate Creole breeds, which adapted to a wide diversity of environments and later received infuences from other origins, including zebu cattle in more recent years. We analyzed uniparental genetic markers and autosomal microsatellites in DNA samples from 114 cattle breeds distributed worldwide, including 40 Creole breeds representing the whole American continent, and samples from the Iberian Peninsula, British islands, Continental Europe, Africa and American zebu. We show that Creole breeds difer considerably from each other, and most have their own identity or group with others from neighboring regions. Results with mtDNA indicate that T1c-lineages are rare in Iberia but common in Africa and are well represented in Creoles from Brazil and Colombia, lending support to a direct African infuence on Creoles. This is reinforced by the sharing of a unique Y-haplotype between cattle from Mozambique and Creoles from Argentina. Autosomal microsatellites indicate that Creoles occupy an intermediate position between African and European breeds, and some Creoles show a clear Iberian signature. Our results confrm the mixed ancestry of American Creole cattle and the role that African cattle have played in their development

The surgical safety checklist and patient outcomes after surgery: a prospective observational cohort study, systematic review and meta-analysis

© 2017 British Journal of Anaesthesia Background: The surgical safety checklist is widely used to improve the quality of perioperative care. However, clinicians continue to debate the clinical effectiveness of this tool. Methods: Prospective analysis of data from the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), an international observational study of elective in-patient surgery, accompanied by a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature. The exposure was surgical safety checklist use. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was postoperative complications. In the ISOS cohort, a multivariable multi-level generalized linear model was used to test associations. To further contextualise these findings, we included the results from the ISOS cohort in a meta-analysis. Results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: We included 44 814 patients from 497 hospitals in 27 countries in the ISOS analysis. There were 40 245 (89.8%) patients exposed to the checklist, whilst 7508 (16.8%) sustained ≥1 postoperative complications and 207 (0.5%) died before hospital discharge. Checklist exposure was associated with reduced mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.49 (0.32–0.77); P\u3c0.01], but no difference in complication rates [OR 1.02 (0.88–1.19); P=0.75]. In a systematic review, we screened 3732 records and identified 11 eligible studies of 453 292 patients including the ISOS cohort. Checklist exposure was associated with both reduced postoperative mortality [OR 0.75 (0.62–0.92); P\u3c0.01; I2=87%] and reduced complication rates [OR 0.73 (0.61–0.88); P\u3c0.01; I2=89%). Conclusions: Patients exposed to a surgical safety checklist experience better postoperative outcomes, but this could simply reflect wider quality of care in hospitals where checklist use is routine