2,595 research outputs found
Dual Mode Control of an Inverted Pendulum: Design, Analysis and Experimental Evaluation
We present an inverted pendulum design using readily available V-slot rail components and
3D printing to construct custom parts. To enable the examination of different pendulum
characteristics, we constructed three pendulum poles of different lengths. We implemented
a brake mechanism to modify sliding friction resistance and built a paddle that can be
attached to the ends of the pendulum poles. A testing rig was also developed to consistently
apply disturbances by tapping the pendulum pole, characterizing balancing performance.
We perform a comprehensive analysis of the behavior and control of the pendulum. This
begins by considering its dynamics, including the nonlinear differential equation that
describes the system, its linearization, and its representation in the s-domain. The primary
focus of this work is the development of two distinct control modes for the pendulum: a
velocity control mode, designed to balance the pendulum while the cart is in motion, and a
position control mode, aimed at maintaining the pendulum cart at a specific location. For
this, we derived two different state space models: one for implementing the velocity control
mode and another for the position control mode. In the position control mode, integral action
applied to the cart position ensures that the inverted pendulum remains balanced and
maintains its desired position on the rail. For both models, linear observer-based state
feedback controllers were implemented. The control laws are designed as linear quadratic
regulators (LQR), and the systems are simulated in MATLAB. To actuate the physical
pendulum system, a stepper motor was used, and its controller was assembled in a DIN rail
panel to simplify the integration of all necessary components. We examined how the
optimized performance, achieved with the medium-length pendulum pole, translates to poles
of other lengths. Our findings reveal distinct behavioral differences between the control
modes
Quantum Mechanics on Moduli Spaces
It has been assumed that it is possible to approximate the interactions of
quantized BPS solitons by quantising a dynamical system induced on a moduli
space of soliton parameters. General properties of the reduction of quantum
systems by a Born-Oppenheimer approximation are described here and applied to
sigma models and their moduli spaces in order to learn more about this
approximation. New terms arise from the reduction proceedure, some of them
geometrical and some of them dynamical in nature. The results are generalised
to supersymmetric sigma models, where most of the extra terms vanish.Comment: 19 pages, REVTe
Application of pattern recognition in detection of buried archaeological sites based on analysing environmental variables, Khorramabad Plain, West Iran
Archaeologists continue to search for techniques that enable them to analyze archaeological data efficiently with artificial intelligence approaches increasingly employed to create new knowledge from archaeological data. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the application of Pattern Recognition methods in detection of buried archaeological sites of the semi-arid Khorramabad Plain located in west Iran. This environment has provided suitable conditions for human habitation for over 40,000 years. However, environmental changes in the late Pleistocene and Holocene have caused erosion and sedimentation resulting in burial of some archaeological sites making archaeological landscape reconstructions more challenging. In this paper, the environmental variables that have influenced formation of archaeological sites of the Khorramabad Plain are identified through the application of Arc GIS. These variables are utilized to create an accurate predictive model based on the application of One-Class classification Pattern Recognition techniques. These techniques can be built using data from one class only, when the data from other classes are difficult to obtain, and are highly suitable in this context. The experimental results of this paper confirm one-class classifiers, including Auto-encoder Neural Network, k-means, principal component analysis data descriptor, minimum spanning tree data descriptor, k-nearest neighbour and Gaussian distribution as promising applications in creating an effective model for detecting buried archaeological sites. Among the investigated classifiers, minimum spanning tree data descriptor achieved the best performance on the Khorramabad Plain data set. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd
AMBER: A Semi-Numerical Abundance Matching Box for the Epoch of Reionization
The Abundance Matching Box for the Epoch of Reionization (AMBER) is a
semi-numerical code for modeling the cosmic dawn. The new algorithm is not
based on the excursion set formalism, but takes the novel approach of
calculating the reionization-redshift field
assuming that hydrogen gas encountering higher radiation intensity are
photoionized earlier. Redshift values are assigned while matching the abundance
of ionized mass according to a given mass-weighted ionization fraction
. The code has the unique advantage of allowing users to
directly specify the reionization history through the redshift midpoint
, duration , and asymmetry
input parameters. The reionization process is further controlled through the
minimum halo mass for galaxy formation and the radiation mean
free path for radiative transfer. We implement improved
methods for constructing density, velocity, halo, and radiation fields, which
are essential components for modeling reionization observables. We compare
AMBER with two other semi-numerical methods and find that our code more
accurately reproduces the results from radiation-hydrodynamic simulations. The
parallelized code is over four orders of magnitude faster than radiative
transfer simulations and will efficiently enable large-volume models, full-sky
mock observations, and parameter-space studies. AMBER will be made publicly
available to facilitate and transform studies of the EoR.Comment: 29 pages, 21 figures, 1 table. Submitted to ApJ. AMBER will be made
publicly available when the paper is publishe
Unchanged triclabendazole kinetics after co-administration with ivermectin and methimazole: failure of its therapeutic activity against triclabendazole-resistant liver flukes
A Modular Test-Suite for the Validation and Verification of Electromagnetic Solvers in Electromagnetic Compatibility Applications
Computational solvers are increasingly used to solve
complex electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problems in re-
search, product design, and manufacturing. The reliability of these
simulation tools must be demonstrated in order to give confidence
in their results. Standards prescribe a range of techniques for the
validation, verification, and calibration of computational electro-
magnetics solvers including external references based on measure-
ment or for cross-validation with other models. We have developed
a modular test-suite based on an enclosure to provide the EMC
community with a complex external reference for model valida-
tion. We show how the test-suite can be used to validate a range
of electromagnetic solvers. The emphasis of the test-suite is on the
features of interest for EMC applications, such as apertures and
coupling to cables. We have fabricated a hardware implementa-
tion of many of the test-cases and measured them in an anechoic
chamber over the frequency range to 1–6 GHz to provide a mea-
surement reference for validation over this range. The test-suite has
already been used extensively in two major aeronautical research
programs and is openly available for use and future development
by the community.This work was supported by the U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences
Research Council under the Flapless Air Vehicle Integrated Industrial Research
program under Grant GR/S71552/01, and from the European Community’s
Seventh Framework Program FP7/2007-2013 under Grant 205294 on the High
Intensity Radio-frequency Field Synthetic Environment research project
Abundance of White-fronted Parrots and diet of an urban parrot assemblage (Aves: Psittaciformes) in a green Neotropical city
Peer reviewe
A High-Resolution Spectrum of the Highly Magnified Bulge G-Dwarf MOA-2006-BLG-099S
We analyze a high-resolution spectrum of a microlensed G-dwarf in the
Galactic bulge, acquired when the star was magnified by a factor of 110. We
measure a spectroscopic temperature, derived from the wings of the Balmer
lines, that is the same as the photometric temperature, derived using the color
determined by standard microlensing techniques. We measure [Fe/H]=0.36 +/-0.18,
which places this star at the upper end of the Bulge giant metallicity
distribution. In particular, this star is more metal-rich than any bulge M
giant with high-resolution abundances. We find that the abundance ratios of
alpha and iron-peak elements are similar to those of Bulge giants with the same
metallicity. For the first time, we measure the abundances of K and Zn for a
star in the Bulge. The [K/Mg] ratio is similar to the value measured in the
halo and the disk, suggesting that K production closely tracks alpha
production. The [Cu/Fe] and [Zn/Fe] ratios support the theory that those
elements are produced in Type II SNe, rather than Type Ia SNe. We also measured
the first C and N abundances in the Bulge that have not been affected by first
dredge-up. The [C/Fe] and [N/Fe] ratios are close to solar, in agreement with
the hypothesis that giants experience only canonical mixing.Comment: 42 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Ap
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