NEW LIFE STYLES: THE GATED COMMUNITIES

Mimarlığın en çok deneyimlenen biçimi olarak konutun, toplumsal, ekonomik ve politik gelişmelerden direkt etkilenen konumu ile farklılaştığı ve bu nedenlerle son dönemde birçok alanda tartışılan tüketim kültürünün bir aracı haline geldiği söylenebilir. Tüketim dinamikleri çerçevesinde 1980 sonrası Türkiye‟sinde ortaya çıkan yeni kentli seçkinlerin “kaliteli yaşam†arayışları karşılığını, önce kent içindeki sınırlı sayıdaki boş arsalarda, sonrasında ise kent dışı alanlara, banliyölere yayılan kapalı konut sitelerinde bulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tüketim kültürünün kent üzerinde yarattığı dönüşümleri ve konut mimarisi üzerindeki etkilerini kapalı konut siteleri bağlamında incelemek, bu sitelerin ortaya çıkış nedenlerini irdelemek, olumlu-olumsuz yanlarını üzerinde farkındalık yaratmaktır. Sonuç olarak çalışma, özelleşmiş ev yerleşkeleri üzerine kurgulanan farklı bir yaşam tipi temasını ve meşrulaştırılma sürecini, tüketim kültürü dinamikleri çerçevesinde inceleyecek ve İzmir örneği özelinde tartışacaktır. In present days, it is a fact that, there is an important transformation in the world and industrial society has been evolving the information society. The changes in the technological, economical, social, political, cultural areas and social life affect the architecture. The transformation has begun with rapid developments in microelectronic and computer technology; a new content and conformation has been emerged in architecture by carrying the design action to computer. There are some architectural rapprochements which are foreground because their different characteristics from conventional buildings and are determined and are introduced as a â€non-standard‟ in the architectural media. These design rapprochements that has pretentious ideas for the architecture of future, has close relations with scientific and technological developments for being non-standard. In this context, in this article under some captions like as ecological architecture, computer architecture, new materials and building systems, genetic architecture; the effects of scientific-technologic studies on architecture at the end of 20th century, the non-standard architectures in contemporary architecture and the utopic architectural rapprochements which can be shape the far future are investigated

Associations of non-HDL-C and triglyceride/HDL-C ratio with coronary plaque burden and plaque characteristics in young adults

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is uncommon in young adult patients. However, these patients have different risk factor profiles and high-risk coronary plaques are more common. The aim of this study was to examine the relations between the coronary plaque burden, plaque composition, serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non–HDL-C) levels, and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio in young adults. We analyzed a total of 551 patients under age 45 who had undergone coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Coronary plaque characteristics were analyzed using CCTA. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to assess the predictors of non-calcified plaque (NCB) and calcified plaque (CB) burdens. Serum non–HDL-C levels and TG/HDL-C ratio were higher in the coronary atherosclerosis patient group. Serum non–HDL-C levels and the TG/HDL-C ratio were higher in the obstructive CAD patient group. The plaque burden was positively correlated with non-HDL-C (r = 0.30; p < 0.001), and TG/HDL-C ratio (r = 0.18; p < 0.001).  NCB was positively correlated with age, gender, smoking status, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum triglycerides, hbA1c, non–HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C ratio. Non–HDL-C (β coefficient = 0.13; p = 0.023) and TG/HDL-C ratio (β = 0.10;  p = 0.042) were independent predictors of NCB. Serum non–HDL-C levels and TG/HDL-C were significantly associated with the presence and burden of coronary plaques. Serum non–HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratios were independently associated with NCB, suggesting their use as easy-to-compute markers for identifying high-risk groups in young adults

The effect of foaming agent on mechanical and physical properties of Polypropylene

In this study, Polypropylene (PP) foam materials were used with injection parameters such as melting, molding and injection temperatures. To produce foam materials, chemical foaming agents were used, and added to polymer materials as 1wt.%, 1.5wt.%, 2wt.%, 2.5wt.%, 3wt.%. The mechanical properties of foam samples were determined based on the parameters. Cell morphology characterization such as cell diameter, cell count, skin layer thickness and cell density, and mechanical properties such as tensile and impact strength of polymer foams were examined.Generally, the closed-cell foam structure was obtained. The most important parameters affecting the cell morphology have been injection pressure, melt temperature and amount of foaming agent. With increasing the amount of foaming agent, cell density increased, foam density and mechanical properties decreased

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

The effect of hydratable alumina on the properties of the SiC-, High Alumina- and MgO-based self-flowing castables

In this study the use of hydratable alumina binder (Alcoa) instead of Calcium Aluminate (CA) cement as binder in the production of SiC-, High Alumina- and MgO-based self-flowing castable has been investigated. Tabular alumina, calcined monodipersed alumina, and hydratable alumina/CA cement were used as binder matrix. Anorthite (CaO.Al2O3.2SiO2) and gehlenithe (2CaO.Al2O2.2SiO2) phases were formed according to the CaO-Al2O2-SiO2 three phase diagram. Molten phase negatively affects refractoriness of the materials. For that reason, by using hydratable alumina instead of CA cement mullite binder was created. Mullite was studied by SEM. In addition to CA cement supplementary samples, molten phase produced with CaO lessened the value of the hot modulus of rupture (HMOR). Hydratable alumina binder added samples at 1450°C, however amplified the values of HMOR. In this study, enhance of thermomechanical features is aimed by using hydratable alumina instead of CA cement, which is one of the components of binder matrix. CCS and CMOR values have improved by increasing of CaO amount, yet HMOR values diminished. Amount of glassy phase and thermomechanical properties of the material has enhanced by using hydratable alumina

Reactive alumina production for the refractory industry

In this study, fine reactive alumina powder production was investigated using Bayer gibbsite as a starting material. Experimental studies consist of three steps; in the first step, the soda content was reduced by means of boric acid and distilled water. In the second step, the effect of heating rate and calcinations temperature on crystal size, phase transformation and surface area were investigated and characterization of the powders was performed by means of XRD and SEM analyses. In the third step, the powders obtained optimum conditions were ground in an attritor mill and then particle size distribution and surface area were measured. The soda content of the gibbsite was reduced from 0.325 to 0.05% by H3BO3 treatment, calcination at 1200 degrees C and then washing in distilled water. The higher the heating rate, the smaller the crystal size is. Alumina ceramics with a density higher than 94.70% of theoretical density were obtained. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved