In situ acetonitrile/water mixed solvents: An ecofriendly synthesis and structure Explanations of Cu(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) complexes of thioxoimidazolidine

ABSTRACT. The bidentate oxoacetate derivative of 4-oxo-2-thiazolidine 4ligand (L1) synthesized by the reaction of 1-(1-(Pyridin-3-yl)ethylideneamino)-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one 3 with diethyl oxalate with both traditional and microwave irradiation methods. The metal ion complexes of mixed ligands L1 and L2 (acetonitrile) were prepared by condensation a solution mixture of Co(II) Ni(II), and Cu(ІІ) metal chloride salts with the ligands (L1 and L2) in distilled water with stirring. The complexes were characterized by the micro analysis (C, H, N), chloride content, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), molar conductivity as well as magnetic susceptibility measurement. According to the obtained data the suggested coordination geometries of these complexes were suggested as octahedral structure. All the synthesized complexes were found to be electrolyte due to the presence of chloride ions outside the coordination sphere. The antibacterial activity of the L1 ligand and their metal ion complexes have been studied by screening against various microorganisms, G+ bacteria (Bacillus subtillis, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Staphyloccoccus aurease), G-bacteria (E. coli, and Pesudomonas Sp.) and fungi (Aspergillus nigaer, and Penicillium Sp.). The metal ion complexes gave the formulae: [M(L1)(L2)2(H2O)2]Cl2where M = Co(II) Ni(II), and Cu(ІІ).                     KEY WORDS: Imidazolidine, Microwave irradiation, Transition metals complexes, Biological activity   Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(2), 351-364. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i2.1

Solvent free synthesis of hydrazine carbothioamide derivatives as a precursor in the preparation of new mononuclear Mn(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes: Spectroscopic characterizations

ABSTRACT. Over the last few years considerable attention has been devoted to the study of Schiff base complexes of metal(II) containing nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur donor ligands due to their diverse biological activities. Therefore, the Schiff base thiosemicarbazone derivatives of 2-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene) hydrazine carbothioamide (HL1) and 2-(4-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene) hydrazine carbothioamide (HL2) were synthesized with solvent free technique using silica gel as material support for the reaction. The structures of the precursor’s organic products confirmed with their 1H, 13C NMR, IR and microanalysis data. Six new manganese(II), copper(II), and zinc(II) complexes of HL1 and HL2 2-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene) hydrazinecarbothioamide derivatives with the general formulation [ML1Cl] and [ML2Cl], where M = Mn2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ were prepared and well discussed by using elemental analyses, magnetic moments, molar conductance, infrared and electronic spectral techniques. The assignments data of spectroscopic analysis confirm that the synthesized thiosemicarbazone Schiff bases of acts as a tridentate ligand as sulfur-oxygen-nitrogen donating atoms. The values of magnetic moments agreed with the data of electronic spectra which both suggested a four-coordination geometry of the synthesized complexes.                     KEY WORDS: Schiff base, Thiosemicarbazone, Manganese(II) complex, Copper(II) complex, Zinc(II) complex   Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(2), 413-424. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i2.1

Fabrication of sulfonated polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes with an excellent antifouling performance by impregnating with polysulfopropyl acrylate coated ZnO nanoparticles

Sulfonated polyethersulfone/sulfopropyl methacrylate membranes impregnated with the polysulfopropyl acrylate coated ZnO nanoparticles were developed using a non-solvent-induced phase separation recipe. The composite membranes offered much-enhanced hydrophilicity and improved porosity, which are critical for the excellent antifouling performance and high permeate flux. By adding polysulfopropyl acrylate modified ZnO, it achieved the maximum water flux of 420 Lm−2h−1 while maintained the natural organic matter rejection rate of 99% with an excellent flux recovery ratio up to 99% in the antifouling measurement. The results display that the impregnation of ZnO nanoparticles in the sulfonated polyethersulfone membrane can effectively increase the surface hydrophilicity which is essential for reducing the irreversible fouling with improved long-term performance and excellent recyclability

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and antibacterial activity of mesoporous TiO2-SBA-15 nanocomposite based on rice husk

Concerns have been increased regarding the existence of pollutants in environmental water resources and their risks to the ecosystem and human society. TiO2 photocatalyst is considered as an effective photocatalyst to remove the pollutants. Herein, the mesoporous TiO2-SBA-15 was prepared using the rice husk extract as the silica source. The fabricated nanocomposites were characterized using FTIR, small and wide angle XRD, Raman spectroscopy, UV-vis, BET surface area analysis, and HRTEM. The photocatalytic efficiency of the composites for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) has been evaluated under UV irradiation. Interestingly, due to the excellent dispersion of TiO2 on the wall of SBA-15 and good hydrophilicity, the nanocomposites displayed a good catalytic activity. The higher photodegradation performance was achieved by the composite containing 10 wt% TiO2 by which the MB was fully degraded within 15-20 min of irradiation. Besides, TiO2-SBA-15 could effectively inhibit the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These results offer a practical and economic approach in the environmental management industries

Investigation of Fe-Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride-Silver Tungstate as a Ternary Visible Light Active Photocatalyst

The rapid population growth and economic development have largely contributed to environmental pollution. Various advanced oxidation processes have been used as the most viable solution for the reduction of recalcitrant pollutants and wastewater treatment. Heterogeneous photocatalysis is one of the broadly used technologies for wastewater treatment among all advanced oxidation processes. Graphitic carbon nitride alone or in combination with various other semiconductor metal oxide materials acts as a competent visible light active photocatalyst for the removal of recalcitrant organic pollutants from wastewater. Rational designing of an environment-friendly photocatalyst through a facile synthetic approach encounters various challenges in photocatalytic technologies dealing with semiconductor metal oxides. Doping in g-C3N4 and subsequent coupling with metal oxides have shown remarkable enhancement in the photodegradation activity of g-C3N4-based nanocomposites owing to the modulation in g-C3N4 bandgap structuring and surface area. In the current study, a novel ternary Fe-doped g-C3N4/Ag2WO4 visible light active photocatalyst was fabricated through an ultrasonic-assisted facile hydrothermal method. Characterization analysis included SEM analysis, FTIR, XRD, XPS, and UV-Visible techniques to elucidate the morphology and chemical structuring of the as-prepared heterostructure. The bandgap energies were assessed using the Tauc plot. The ternary nanocomposite (Fe-CN-AW) showed increased photodegradation efficiency (97%) within 120 minutes, at optimal conditions of pH = 8, catalyst dose = 50 mg/100 ml, an initial RhB concentration of 10 ppm, and oxidant dose 5 mM under sunlight irradiation. The enhanced photodegradation of rhodamine B dye by ternary Fe-CN-AW was credited to multielectron transfer pathways due to insertion of a Fe dopant in graphitic carbon nitride and subsequent coupling with silver tungstate. The data were statistically assessed by the response surface methodology.The authors thank Taif University for the generous financial support by the Taif University Researchers Supporting Project, no. (TURSP-2020/90), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia

Profiling estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors in colorectal cancer in relation to gender, menopausal status, clinical stage, and tumour sidedness

BackgroundAlthough estrogen (ERα/ERβ), progesterone (PGR), and androgen (AR) receptors are pathologically altered in colorectal cancer (CRC), their simultaneous expression within the same cohort of patients was not previously measured.MethodsERα/ERβ/PGR/AR proteins were measured in archived paired normal and malignant colon specimens (n =120 patients) by immunohistochemistry, and results were analyzed by gender, age (≤50 vs. ≥60 years), clinical stages (early-stage I/II vs. late-stage III/IV), and anatomical location (right; RSCs vs. left; LSCs). Effects of 17β-estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), and testosterone alone or combined with the specific blockers of ERα (MPP dihydrochloride), ERβ (PHTPP), PGR (mifepristone), and AR (bicalutamide) on cell cycle and apoptosis were also measured in the SW480 male and HT29 female CRC cell lines. ResultsERα and AR proteins increased, whilst ERβ and PGR declined markedly in malignant specimens. Moreover, male neoplastic tissues showed highest AR expression, whilst ERβ and PGR weakest alongside ERα strongest expression was seen in cancerous tissues from women aged ≥60 years. Late-stage neoplasms also revealed maximal alterations in the expression of sex steroid receptors. By tumor location, LSCs disclosed significant elevations in ERα with marked declines in PGR compared with RSCs, and ERα strongest alongside PGR weakest expression was detected in advanced LSCs from women aged ≥60 years. Late-stage LSCs from females aged ≥60 years also showed weakest ERβ and strongest AR expression. In contrast, male RSC and LSC tissues exhibited equal ERβ and AR expression in all clinical stages. ERα and AR proteins also correlated positively, whereas ERβ and PGR inversely, with tumor characteristics. Concomitantly, E2 and P4 monotherapies triggered cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in the SW480 and HT29 cells, and while pre-treatment with ERα-blocker enhanced the effects of E2, ERβ-blocker and PGR-blocker suppressed the E2 and P4 anti-cancer actions, respectively. In contrast, treatment with the AR-blocker induced apoptosis, whilst co-treatment with testosterone hindered the effects. ConclusionsThis study advocates that protein expression of sex steroid receptors in malignant tissues could represent prognostic markers, as well as hormonal therapy could provide an alternative strategy against CRC, and their efficacies could be dependent on gender, clinical stage, and tumor location

More anxious than depressed: prevalence and correlates in a 15-nation study of anxiety disorders in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background Anxiety disorder, one of the highly disabling, prevalent and common mental disorders, is known to be more prevalent in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than the general population, and the comorbid presence of anxiety disorders is known to have an impact on the diabetes outcome and the quality of life. However, the information on the type of anxiety disorder and its prevalence in persons with T2DM is limited. Aims To assess the prevalence and correlates of anxiety disorder in people with type 2 diabetes in different countries. Methods People aged 18–65 years with diabetes and treated in outpatient settings were recruited in 15 countries and underwent a psychiatric interview with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Demographic and medical record data were collected. Results A total of 3170 people with type 2 diabetes (56.2% women; with mean (SD) duration of diabetes 10.01 (7.0) years) participated. The overall prevalence of anxiety disorders in type 2 diabetic persons was 18%; however, 2.8% of the study population had more than one type of anxiety disorder. The most prevalent anxiety disorders were generalised anxiety disorder (8.1%) and panic disorder (5.1%). Female gender, presence of diabetic complications, longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control (HbA1c levels) were significantly associated with comorbid anxiety disorder. A higher prevalence of anxiety disorders was observed in Ukraine, Saudi Arabia and Argentina with a lower prevalence in Bangladesh and India. Conclusions Our international study shows that people with type 2 diabetes have a high prevalence of anxiety disorders, especially women, those with diabetic complications, those with a longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control. Early identification and appropriate timely care of psychiatric problems of people with type 2 diabetes is warranted

Characterization of the Clinical and Immunologic Phenotype and Management of 157 Individuals with 56 Distinct Heterozygous NFKB1 Mutations

Background: An increasing number of NFKB1 variants are being identified in patients with heterogeneous immunologic phenotypes. Objective: To characterize the clinical and cellular phenotype as well as the management of patients with heterozygous NFKB1 mutations. Methods: In a worldwide collaborative effort, we evaluated 231 individuals harboring 105 distinct heterozygous NFKB1 variants. To provide evidence for pathogenicity, each variant was assessed in silico; in addition, 32 variants were assessed by functional in vitro testing of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells (NF-κB) signaling. Results: We classified 56 of the 105 distinct NFKB1 variants in 157 individuals from 68 unrelated families as pathogenic. Incomplete clinical penetrance (70%) and age-dependent severity of NFKB1-related phenotypes were observed. The phenotype included hypogammaglobulinemia (88.9%), reduced switched memory B cells (60.3%), and respiratory (83%) and gastrointestinal (28.6%) infections, thus characterizing the disorder as primary immunodeficiency. However, the high frequency of autoimmunity (57.4%), lymphoproliferation (52.4%), noninfectious enteropathy (23.1%), opportunistic infections (15.7%), autoinflammation (29.6%), and malignancy (16.8%) identified NF-κB1-related disease as an inborn error of immunity with immune dysregulation, rather than a mere primary immunodeficiency. Current treatment includes immunoglobulin replacement and immunosuppressive agents. Conclusions: We present a comprehensive clinical overview of the NF-κB1-related phenotype, which includes immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, autoinflammation, and cancer. Because of its multisystem involvement, clinicians from each and every medical discipline need to be made aware of this autosomal-dominant disease. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and NF-κB1 pathway-targeted therapeutic strategies should be considered in the future.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impaired IL-23-dependent induction of IFN-gamma underlies mycobacterial disease in patients with inherited TYK2 deficiency

Human cells homozygous for rare loss-of-expression (LOE) TYK2 alleles have impaired, but not abolished, cellular responses to IFN-alpha/beta (underlying viral diseases in the patients) and to IL-12 and IL-23 (underlying mycobacterial diseases). Cells homozygous for the common P1104A TYK2 allele have selectively impaired responses to IL-23 (underlying isolated mycobacterial disease). We report three new forms of TYK2 deficiency in six patients from five families homozygous for rare TYK2 alleles (R864C, G996R, G634E, or G1010D) or compound heterozygous for P1104A and a rare allele (A928V). All these missense alleles encode detectable proteins. The R864C and G1010D alleles are hypomorphic and loss-of-function (LOF), respectively, across signaling pathways. By contrast, hypomorphic G996R, G634E, and A928V mutations selectively impair responses to IL-23, like P1104A. Impairment of the IL-23-dependent induction of IFN-gamma is the only mechanism of mycobacterial disease common to patients with complete TYK2 deficiency with or without TYK2 expression, partial TYK2 deficiency across signaling pathways, or rare or common partial TYK2 deficiency specific for IL-23 signaling.ANRS Nord-Sud ; CIBSS ; CODI ; Comité para el Desarrollo de la Investigación ; Fulbright Future Scholarshi

MitraClip after failed surgical mitral valve repair: an international multicenter study

BackgroundRecurrence of mitral regurgitation (MR) after surgical mitral valve repair (SMVR) varies and may require reoperation. Redo mitral valve surgery can be technically challenging and is associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity. We aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of MitraClip as a treatment strategy after failed SMVR and identify procedure modifications to overcome technical challenges.Methods and ResultsThis international multicenter observational retrospective study collected information for all patients from 16 high-volume hospitals who were treated with MitraClip after failed SMVR from October 29, 2009, until August 1, 2017. Data were anonymously collected. Technical and device success were recorded per modified Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium criteria. Overall, 104 consecutive patients were included. Median Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 4.5% and median age was 73 years. At baseline, the majority of patients (82%) were in New York Heart Association class >= III and MR was moderate or higher in 86% of patients. The cause of MR pre-SMVR was degenerative in 50%, functional in 35%, mixed in 8%, and missing/unknown in 8% of patients. The median time between SMVR and MitraClip was 5.3 (1.9-9.7) years. Technical and device success were 90% and 89%, respectively. Additional/modified imaging was applied in 21% of cases. An MR reduction of >= 1 grade was achieved in 94% of patients and residual MR was moderate or less in 90% of patients. In-hospital all-cause mortality was 2%, and 86% of patients were in New York Heart Association class <= II.ConclusionsMitraClip is a safe and less invasive treatment option for patients with recurrent MR after failed SMVR. Additional/modified imaging may help overcome technical challenges during leaflet grasping.Cardiolog