Taxonomia de la pseudociència. Cap a una comprensió global i específica de les amenaces i característiques del fenomen en els mitjans de comunicació

Els mitjans de comunicació vehiculen les diferents narracions sobre la realitat i proposen una sèrie de discursos a partir dels quals es genera i es basa l'opinió pública. En conseqüència, tenen una responsabilitat social que els obliga a mantenir nivells òptims de rigor i d'objectivitat. La pseudociència, entesa de manera genèrica com ‘allò que vol fer-se passar per ciència sense ser-ho', és una de les amenaces més greus a les quals s'enfronta la societat. La seva presència als mitjans de comunicació, així com a altres esferes, es deu principalment a una comprensió defectuosa del concepte i les seves manifestacions. El present article proposa una taxonomia de la pseudociència que faciliti aquesta comprensió. D'altra banda, també presenta una sèrie de conceptes relacionats amb els límits de la ciència, amb la voluntat de promoure el seu ús i d'oferir una visió global de la problemàtica.The media spread the various narratives of reality, proposing a series of discourses through which the public opinion is generated and on which it is based. Consequently, they have a social responsibility that obliges them to maintain the highest standards of accuracy and objectivity. Pseudoscience, understood in a general way as “that which seeks to pass itself off as science without actually being science”, is one of the most serious threats faced by society. Its presence in the communication media and in other spheres is mainly due to a faulty understanding of the selfsame concept of pseudoscience and its manifestations. This paper proposes a taxonomy of pseudoscience that will facilitate this understanding. Additionally, it presents a series of concepts connected with the boundaries of science, seeking to promote their use and to offer a comprehensive view of the problem

Andromakhe latens

Mojarra Andromakhe latens has most recently been assessed for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 2020. Andromakhe latens is listed as Endangered under criteria B1ab(iii).Fil: Alonso, Felipe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; Argentin

First record of the banjo catfish Bunocephalus doriae Boulenger 1902 (Siluriformes: Aspredinidae) in the Bermejo River basin, Salta, Argentina

Intense sampling in the upper Bermejo River basin revealed the presence of specimens of the aspredinid genus Bunocephalus. After detailed morphological and morphometric analyses specimens were identified as Bunocephalus doriae. This is the first record of any member of the Aspredinidae in the upper Bermejo River basin.Fil: Aguilera, Gaston. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo. San Miguel de Tucumán; Argentina. Fundación Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Teran, Guillermo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo. San Miguel de Tucumán; Argentina. Fundación Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Felipe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Mirande, Juan Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo. San Miguel de Tucumán; Argentina. Fundación Miguel Lillo; Argentin

Estimation of real estate asset pricing models

In this project we aim to develop 4 different methods in order to estimate the real market price of 380 properties owned by Midtown Realty Group in Miami, Florida -- We used the ordinary least squares, generalized method of moments, artificial neural networks and fuzzy inference systems -- The comparison between the 4 models was made using the root mean squared errors (RMSE) with an interesting result showing that the best method to estimate housing price given our data set is the artificial neural network using the correct network architecture -- Some further work is proposed in order to make more comparison between the models and dene the best model for housing pric

Geographical distribution of Austrolebias monstrosus (Huber 1995), A. elongatus (Steindachner 1881) and A. vandenbergi(Huber 1995) (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes), with comments on the biogeography and ecology of Rivulidae in Pampasic and Chaco floodplains

After several collecting trips in Argentina and a revision of material deposited in national ichthyological collections we present a new record for Austrolebias elongatus from Gualeguaychú, in Entre Ríos Province, Argentina. Also, we present evidence on the erroneous record of Austrolebias monstrosus, and A. vandenbergi from Ituzaingó, Corrientes Province. Additional records from Salta Province are presented for those species. Material determined as A. elongatus from Santiago del Estero is also attributed to A. monstrosus. Therefore we restrict the distribution of these two species to Semi-arid Chaco Region in Argentina, Paraguay and Bolivia.Fil: Alonso, Felipe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Calviño, Pablo Andrés. Grupo de Estudio del Killi Club Argentino; ArgentinaFil: Teran, Guillermo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Ignacio Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; Argentina. Grupo de Estudio del Killi Club Argentino; Argentin

La pseudociencia como (Des) información tóxica. Una taxonomía para comprender el fenómeno y sus manifestaciones

La presencia de contenidos pseudocientíficos en los medios de comunicación refleja la problemática de la capacidad tóxica del sistema mediático. La proliferación incontrolada de información provoca una sobredosis nociva de difícil decodificación y asimilación por parte del público. Se entiende habitualmente la pseudociencia como ‘falsa ciencia’, sin embargo, una definición genérica no es suficiente para la comprensión específica de las diversas manifestaciones del fenómeno. Por ello, la presente comunicación se centrará en la propuesta de una taxonomía creada a partir de las siguientes divisiones: (1) campos de acción; (2) nivel de status social; (3) grado de peligrosidad; y (4) familias

Emissions pollutant from diesel, biodiesel and natural gas refuse collection vehicles in urban areas

Urban pollution is more and more concern due to human health implications. In that way, emissions pollutant from commercial vehicles which move daily at fixed itineraries such as, buses and refuse collection vehicles must be monitored. In this study we have aimed to show the results of the test made on refuse collection vehicles, in real conditions, with regard to their energy consumption and emissions pollutant. A comparative study is carried out with regard to CO, HC, NOx, PM and greenhouse gas emissions, in respect of two types of engine with three different fuels. The fuels analyzed are diesel, biodiesel (B50 and B100) and compressed natural gas (CNG)

The initial training of secondary school teachers: chronicle of an experience. The case of the University of Santiago of Compostela in the context of Galicia

En este trabajo se presenta una crónica de la puesta en práctica del MFPES en la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. Dicha crónica se relata en dos partes distintas pero interrelacionadas. La primera se refiere al Diseño del Máster en Profesorado de Secundaria. Aquí se analiza el difícil recorrido que y algunos vaivenes por lo que ha pasado el debate sobre la formación inicial del profesorado. Más pormenorizadamente se hace una relación, aunque no exhaustiva, de algunos de los problemas y conflictos que se han producido en relación a este Máster entre diferentes agentes e instituciones. Se describe el proceso de la elaboración de la Memoria del Máster, por parte de una amplia comisión, para su posterior verificación. La segunda parte se refiere al proceso de implantación del Máster en la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. Implantación no exenta de problemas debido, casi que en exclusiva, a que, por diversos motivos, no ha sido posible iniciar esa implantación hasta mediado de enero del año 2009. Se analizan en esta parte las dificultades y problemas a los que tuvimos que enfrentarnos en relación a cuatro aspectos: la docencia, el prácticum, el trabajo fin de máster y la evaluación.In this study we carry a chronicle of the introduction of MFPES at the University of Santiago de Compostela. Such chronic is recounted in two different but interrelated parts. The first refers to the design of the Masters in Teachers in High School. Here we analyzed the difficult journey and some swings the debate has gone through on the initial training of teachers. We more establish a relationship, although not exhaustive, of some of the problems and conflicts that have occurred in relation to this Master between different agents and institutions. We describe the process of the development of the Memory of the Masters at USC for later verification. The second part refers to the process of implementation of the Masters at the University of Santiago de Compostela. The beginning of the master has had many setbacks for different reasons it has not been possible to introduce it until mid January, 2009. We discuss in this part the difficulties and problems that we had to face in relation to four aspects: teaching, practicum, TFM and the evaluation. We try to show the way that we have gone though. Our major aim is to show the strengths and especial errors in order to bring them to critical reflection

Design, assembly and experimental tests of a Savonius type wind turbine

The present research project focuses on the development of a Savonius type wind turbine, where a literature review is initially carried out to recognize the appropriate parameters for its design such as turbulence, wind velocity, and air density, followed by a design methodology to achieve the dimensioning by means of resistance calculation and selection of component materials, after having the final concept defined. Using computational tools such as Solidworks, Inventor, Simulation Mechanical, the design stage was validated through simulation to study the dynamic fluid behavior and the components were modeled to evaluate their response to wind loads, verifying their resistance. Subsequently, according to the modeling, the detailed drawings of the components of the turbine were obtained, with which they were assembled. Finally, having the physical model of the Savonius wind turbine, experimental tests were carried out in the laboratory of Fluids and Hydraulic Machines of the Technological University of Pereira

Design, assembly and experimental tests of a Savonius type wind turbine

The present research project focuses on the development of a Savonius type wind turbine, where a literature review is initially carried out to recognize the appropriate parameters for its design such as turbulence, wind velocity, and air density, followed by a design methodology to achieve the dimensioning by means of resistance calculation and selection of component materials, after having the final concept defined. Using computational tools such as Solidworks, Inventor, Simulation Mechanical, the design stage was validated through simulation to study the dynamic fluid behavior and the components were modeled to evaluate their response to wind loads, verifying their resistance. Subsequently, according to the modeling, the detailed drawings of the components of the turbine were obtained, with which they were assembled. Finally, having the physical model of the Savonius wind turbine, experimental tests were carried out in the laboratory of Fluids and Hydraulic Machines of the Technological University of Pereira