Update on asthma prevalence in severe COVID-19 patients

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Telehealth: The future is now in allergy practice

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Calreticulin is a secreted BMP antagonist, expressed in Hensen's node during neural induction

Hensen's node is the “organizer” of the avian and mammalian early embryo. It has many functions, including neural induction and patterning of the ectoderm and mesoderm. Some of the signals responsible for these activities are known but these do not explain the full complexity of organizer activity. Here we undertake a functional screen to discover new secreted factors expressed by the node at this time of development. Using a Signal Sequence Trap in yeast, we identify several candidates. Here we focus on Calreticulin. We show that in addition to its known functions in intracellular Calcium regulation and protein folding, Calreticulin is secreted, it can bind to BMP4 and act as a BMP antagonist in vivo and in vitro. Calreticulin is not sufficient to account for all organizer functions but may contribute to the complexity of its activity

Mapping Local Cytosolic Enzymatic Activity in Human Esophageal Mucosa with Porous Silicon Nanoneedles

Porous silicon nanoneedles can map Cathepsin B activity across normal and tumor human esophageal mucosa. Assembling a peptide‐based Cathepsin B cleavable sensor over a large array of nano­needles allows the discrimination of cancer cells from healthy ones in mixed culture. The same sensor applied to tissue can map Cathepsin B activity with high resolution across the tumor margin area of esophageal adenocarcinoma. [Image: see text

Limited genomic divergence between intraspecific forms of Culex pipiens under different ecological pressures

Abstract Background: Divergent selection can be a major driver of ecological speciation. In insects of medical importance, understanding the speciation process is both of academic interest and public health importance. In the West Nile virus vector Culex pipiens, intraspecific pipiens and molestus forms vary in ecological and physiological traits. Populations of each form appear to share recent common ancestry but patterns of genetic differentiation across the genome remain unknown. Here, we undertook an AFLP genome scan on samples collected from both sympatric and allopatric populations from Europe and the USA to quantify the extent of genomic differentiation between the two forms. Results: The forms were clearly differentiated but each exhibited major population sub-structuring between continents. Divergence between pipiens and molestus forms from USA was higher than in both inter- and intra-continental comparisons with European samples. The proportion of outlier loci between pipiens and molestus (≈3 %) was low but consistent in both continents, and similar to those observed between sibling species of other mosquito species which exhibit contemporary gene flow. Only two of the outlier loci were shared between inter-form comparisons made within Europe and USA. Conclusion: This study supports the molestus and pipiens status as distinct evolutionary entities with low genomic divergence. The low number of shared divergent loci between continents suggests a relatively limited number of genomic regions determining key typological traits likely to be driving incipient speciation and/or adaptation of molestus to anthropogenic habitats

Highly Dynamic Host Actin Reorganization around Developing Plasmodium Inside Hepatocytes

Plasmodium sporozoites are transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes and infect hepatocytes, where a single sporozoite replicates into thousands of merozoites inside a parasitophorous vacuole. The nature of the Plasmodium-host cell interface, as well as the interactions occurring between these two organisms, remains largely unknown. Here we show that highly dynamic hepatocyte actin reorganization events occur around developing Plasmodium berghei parasites inside human hepatoma cells. Actin reorganization is most prominent between 10 to 16 hours post infection and depends on the actin severing and capping protein, gelsolin. Live cell imaging studies also suggest that the hepatocyte cytoskeleton may contribute to parasite elimination during Plasmodium development in the liver

Falls in hospital settings: a longitudinal study

This study aims to assess the prevalence of falls, understand their consequences, identify causes and analyze intervention strategies to prevent them. This is a descriptive longitudinal study, from 2007 to 2009, in which nurses recorded patients' falls in a medicine ward, using a scale developed for this end. Most falls occurred with partially dependent patients, with a mean age ranging from 64 to 74 years. The bedroom was, in all of these years, the place where most of these falls occurred. Although most falls did not have consequences, they were observed in 36% of the cases. The number of falls increased throughout the years of the study. There was also a difference in the percentage of occurrences in the afternoon and night shifts (39% in 2007, 57% in 2008 and 64% in 2009). The identification of obstacles to referral and how to overcome them are analyzed here.Este estudio intenta evaluar la prevalencia de las caídas, conocer sus consecuencias, identificar causas y estudiar estrategias de intervención para prevenirlas. Es un estudio descriptivo longitudinal, realizado entre 2007 y 2009, donde los enfermeros registraron las caídas de enfermos en un servicio de medicina, de acuerdo con una escala elaborada para este propósito. La mayoría de las caídas ocurrió en enfermos parcialmente dependientes, cuyas edades variaban entre 64 y 74 años. La habitación fue, en todos los años, donde mayoritariamente estas ocurrieron. Aunque la mayoría de las caídas no hayan tenido consecuencias, se registraron en 36% de los casos. Este número aumentó a lo largo de los años del estudio. Se rebeló, igualmente, una diferencia en la proporcionalidad del número de registros para los turnos de la tarde/noche (39%, 2007, 57%, 2008 y 64%, 2009). Se analiza la identificación de las barreras a la referencia y como rebasar estas barreras.Este estudo visou avaliar a prevalência das quedas, conhecer as suas consequências, identificar as causas e estudar estratégias de intervenção para preveni-las. É um estudo descritivo longitudinal, de 2007 a 2009, com registro, pelos enfermeiros, das quedas dos doentes, num serviço de medicina, em escala construída para o efeito. A maioria das quedas ocorreu em doentes parcialmente dependentes, variando a idade entre 64 e 74 anos. O quarto foi, em todos os anos, o local onde maioritariamente ocorreram. Embora da maioria das quedas não houvesse resultado consequências, essas foram registradas em 36% dos casos. O número de quedas registrado aumentou ao longo dos anos do estudo. De igual modo se revelou diferença na proporcionalidade do número de registros para os turnos da tarde e noite (39% em 2007, 57% em 2008 e 64% em 2009). A identificação de barreiras à referenciação e como as ultrapassar são analisadas