As representações da Maternidade: retrato de três gerações de mulheres

Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Serviço SocialAo longo das últimas décadas, as taxas de natalidade e fecundidade em Portugal têm vindo a diminuir progressivamente. Perante este cenário, considerou-se pertinente analisar de que forma as mulheres vivem a maternidade na atualidade. Este estudo tem como objetivo principal compreender as representações da maternidade de três gerações de mulheres portuguesas. Para tal, procurou-se verificar se as condições sociais, económicas e culturais, predominantes em diferentes épocas de Portugal tiveram impacto na maternidade. O estudo sustentou-se com um enquadramento teórico atualizado e orientado por uma investigação bibliográfica. O estudo empírico baseia-se numa metodologia qualitativa, com recurso à entrevista semi-estruturada, com questões abertas e em profundidade, aplicada a mulheres com filhos, pertencentes às gerações do período Salazarista, do pós 25 de Abril de 1974 e da atualidade. Os dados sugerem que as características da sociedade em que as mulheres estão inseridas influenciam a forma como vivem a maternidade. Porém, embora a vida das mulheres, hoje, não se centre unicamente na tarefa de ser mãe, a maternidade continua a ser muito importante para as mulheres portuguesas.Over the past decades, Portugal birth rates and fertility rates, have been declining progressively. Given this scenario, it was considered appropriate to examine how women experience motherhood nowadays. This study aims to understand the main representations of motherhood of three generations of Portuguese women. By that, we wanted to determine whether the social, economic and cultural, predominant at different times had an impact on motherhood. The study was supported with a theoretical framework and guided by research literature. The empirical study is based on a qualitative methodology, using the semi-structured interviews with open-ended and in-depth questions, applied to women, belonging to three types of generations; the Salazar period, post April 25 of 1974 and nowadays. The data suggest that the characteristics of the society in which women are inserted influences the way they live their motherhood. Neve rtheless motherhood continues to be very important for Portuguese women

Apocynin Dietary Supplementation Delays Mouse Ovarian Ageing

Advanced maternal age is associated with higher infertility rates, pregnancy-associated complications, and progeny health issues. The ovary is considered the main responsible for these consequences due to a continuous decay in follicle number and oocyte quality. Intracellular imbalance between oxidant molecules and antioxidant mechanisms, in favour of the former, results in oxidative stress (OS) that is believed to contribute to ovarian ageing. This work is aimed at evaluating whether an age-related increase in ovarian OS, inflammation, and fibrosis may contribute to tissue dysfunction and whether specific antioxidant supplementation with a NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) could ameliorate them. Mice aged 8-12 weeks (reproductively young) or 38-42 weeks (reproductively aged) were employed. Aged mice were divided into two groups, with one receiving apocynin (5 mM) in the drinking water, for 7 weeks, upon which animals were sacrificed and their ovaries collected. Ovarian structure was similar at both ages, but the ovaries from reproductively aged mice exhibited lipofuscin deposition, enhanced fibrosis, and a significant age-related reduction in primordial and primary follicle number when compared to younger animals. Protein carbonylation and nitration, and markers of OS were significantly increased with age. Moreover, mRNA levels of inflammation markers, collagens, metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitor MMPs (TIMPs) were upregulated. Expression of the antifibrotic miRNA29c-3p was significantly reduced. Apocynin supplementation ameliorated most of the age-related observed changes, sometimes to values similar to those observed in young females. These findings indicate that there is an age-related increase in OS that plays an important role in enhancing inflammation and collagen deposition, contributing to a decline in female fertility. Apocynin supplementation suggests that the imbalance can be ameliorated and thus delay ovarian ageing harmful effects.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

PROCESSOS TRABALHISTAS E AS RELAÇÕES ENTRE EMPRESA, TRABALHADOR E SINDICATO EM UBERLÂNDIA: LEGISLAÇÃO, MEMÓRIA E NEGOCIAÇÃO (2010-2015)

eoi/doi Deposit-Electronic Object Identifierhttp://eoi.citefactor.org/10.11248/ehum.v11i1.2381LABOR PROCESSES AND THE RELATIONS BETWEEN COMPANY, WORKER AND UNION IN UBERLÂNDIA: LEGISLATION, MEMORY AND NEGOTIATION (2010-2015).Resumo: As relações trabalhistas são interpretadas aqui à luz de processos recolhidos na justiça. Procuramos cotejar as interpretações presentes nos processos com os discursos e as praticas sindicais, bem como discutimos aspectos presentes na legislação, que, se de um lado, permitem o ingresso das reclamações  por parte dos trabalhadores , de outro, favorecem a vitória das empresas na justiça do trabalho.Palavras chaves: trabalho, relações trabalhistas, justiça do trabalho. Abstract: Labor relations are interpreted here in the light of lawsuits. We seek to compare the present interpretations in the processes with the discourses and the union practices, as well as we discuss aspects present in the legislation, that, if, on the one hand, they allow the workers to enter the complaints, on the other, they favor the victory of the companies in the justice system of work. Keywords: labor, labor relations, labor justice.Recebido em: 08/11/2017  – Aceito em 08/01/201

Integration of biomonitoring and instrumental techniques to assess the air quality in an industrial area located in the coastal of Central Asturias, Spain

Throughout the world, epidemiological studies were established to examine the relationship between air pollution and mortality rates and adverse respiratory health effects. However, despite the years of discussion the correlation between adverse health effects and atmospheric pollution remains controversial, partly because these studies are frequently restricted to small and well-monitored areas. Monitoring air pollution is complex due to the large spatial and temporal variations of pollution phenomena, the high costs of recording instruments, and the low sampling density of a purely instrumental approach. Therefore, together with the traditional instrumental monitoring, bioindication techniques allow for the mapping of pollution effects over wide areas with a high sampling density. In this study, instrumental and biomonitoring techniques were integrated to support an epidemiological study that will be developed in an industrial area located in Gijon in the coastal of central Asturias, Spain. Three main objectives were proposed to (i) analyze temporal patterns of PM10 concentrations in order to apportion emissions sources, (ii) investigate spatial patterns of lichen conductivity to identify the impact of the studied industrial area in air quality, and (iii) establish relationships amongst lichen conductivity with some site-specific characteristics. Samples of the epiphytic lichen Parmelia sulcata were transplanted in a grid of 18 by 20 km with an industrial area in the center. Lichens were exposed for a 5-mo period starting in April 2010. After exposure, lichen samples were soaked in 18-MΩ water aimed at determination of water electrical conductivity and, consequently, lichen vitality and cell damage. A marked decreasing gradient of lichens conductivity relative to distance from the emitting sources was observed. Transplants from a sampling site proximal to the industrial area reached values 10-fold higher than levels far from it. This finding showed that lichens reacted physiologically in the polluted industrial area as evidenced by increased conductivity correlated to contamination level. The integration of temporal PM10 measurements and analysis of wind direction corroborated the importance of this industrialized region for air quality measurements and identified the relevance of traffic for the urban area

Entraves no mercado da pesca artesanal: entre a dependência e a desconfiança

Este artigo analisa os mercados acessados pelos pescadores artesanais das comunidades pesqueiras de Campos dos Goytacazes, região Norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro. As informações para a elaboração deste estudo foram coletadas em reuniões com os pescadores, em grupos focais e por meio de questionários aplicados de forma censitária. O levantamento dos mercados efetivos e potenciais buscou identificar as possibilidades de escoamento de pescado no município e os entraves burocráticos que limitam a constituição de novos mercados. Os resultados evidenciaram um número elevado de vendedores (os pescadores artesanais) em contraponto ao reduzido número de compradores (os atravessadores) de uma produção altamente perecível, que domina o mercado da pesca artesanal no município. A produção tem origem dispersa, em um contexto de baixa organização social e falta de confiança entre os pescadores, o que dificulta ações conjuntas em busca de novos canais de comercialização da pesca artesanal

O PAPEL DO ICMS ECOLÓGICO COMO MEIO DE PRESERVAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E DE DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONÔMIO SUSTENTÁVEL: O EXEMPLO DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os critérios e os fundamentos do ICMS Ecológico enquanto mecanismo de preservação ambiental e indutor do desenvolvimento econômico sustentável, a partir do exemplo do Estado de Goiás. O ICMS Ecológico é um instrumento econômico inovador de desenvolvimento econômico sustentável. Tal instituto inverte o princípio do poluidor-pagador para o princípio do protetor-recebedor em um quadro de escassez de recursos. A tributação ambiental possui o objetivo de induzir comportamentos ambientalmente sustentáveis por parte dos municípios e, ao mesmo tempo, de recompensá-los pelas restrições territoriais, pois recebem menos receitas quando da repartição dos recursos obtidos com a arrecadação do ICMS. A pesquisa foi conduzida a partir da exploração de material bibliográfico e na exposição crítica e fundamentada dos princípios e conceitos relacionados ao tema proposto, de acordo com o método hipotético-dedutivo.   Palavras-Chave: Desenvolvimento sustentável. ICMS ecológico. Estado de Goiás. Meio ambiente. Tributação ambiental

Control and management of water quality for Nile tilapia fish in net tanks based on fuzzy modeling

Being classified as one of the most important species for fish farming, the Nile tilapia has seen a huge increase in breeding worldwide. As in any cultural medium, dealing with the quality of the medium in which it is grown guarantees a large part of the success of the process, being of equal importance, in this case, the quality of the water. Taking advantage of existing mathematical models, humans were able to measure and design best practices in virtually all areas, pointing to its great functionality, this article used the Fuzzy logic mathematical model together with Mamdani inference to analyze water quality scenarios and their consequences, various environments, variables, capable of directly affecting fish farming. The purpose was to use the MatLab scientific software to cross these variables with the possible output scenarios, facilitating the producer's decision-making. As a result of the research, it was possible to develop an algorithm to be embedded in a mobile application in the future with fuzzy mathematical modeling, with a Mamdani inference system for management and control of water quality in Nile Tilapia fish farming. The same will be made available to these breeders, since it has a structure of rules, aiming at the delivery of scientific information that collaborates with the best cultivation practices, improving production and profitability, through decision support to fish farmers

Dataset from the Snakes (Serpentes, Reptiles) collection of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Pará, Brazil

We present a dataset with information from the snake collection of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, known as the "Ophidia Collection". This collection currently has 26,728 specimens of snakes, including 9 families, 66 genera and 220 species. For the most part, it represents material from the Amazon Region. Specimens are preserved mostly in wet (alcohol) preparation, with some samples preserved in dry form, as is the case of the shells and skeletons of turtles. The dataset is now available for public consultation on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility portal (https://doi.org/10.15468/lt0wet). The Herpetological collection of Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi comprises the largest collection of its kind in the Amazon region with about 100,000 specimens of amphibians and reptiles (chelonians, alligators, lizards, snakes and amphisbaenians). This collection currently has 26,728 specimens of snakes, including 9 families, 66 genera and 220 species, some of which are endemic to the Amazon rainforest region. The Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi is the second oldest institution of science in Brazil in activity, founded in 1866

The Value of Right Ventricular Longitudinal Strain in the Evaluation of Adult Patients With Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot: a New Tool for a Contemporary Challenge

OBJECTIVE: The role of right ventricular longitudinal strain for assessing patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot is not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate its relation with other structural and functional parameters in these patients. METHODS: Patients followed-up in a grown-up CHD unit, assessed by transthoracic echocardiography, cardiac MRI, and treadmill exercise testing, were retrospectively evaluated. Right ventricular size and function and pulmonary regurgitation severity were assessed by echocardiography and MRI. Right ventricular longitudinal strain was evaluated in the four-chamber view using the standard semiautomatic method. RESULTS: In total, 42 patients were included (61% male, 32±8 years). The mean right ventricular longitudinal strain was -16.2±3.7%, and the right ventricular ejection fraction, measured by MRI, was 42.9±7.2%. Longitudinal strain showed linear correlation with tricuspid annular systolic excursion (r=-0.40) and right ventricular ejection fraction (r=-0.45) (all p<0.05), which in turn showed linear correlation with right ventricular fractional area change (r=0.50), pulmonary regurgitation colour length (r=0.35), right ventricular end-systolic volume (r=-0.60), and left ventricular ejection fraction (r=0.36) (all p<0.05). Longitudinal strain (β=-0.72, 95% confidence interval -1.41, -0.15) and left ventricular ejection fraction (β=0.39, 95% confidence interval 0.11, 0.67) were independently associated with right ventricular ejection fraction. The best threshold of longitudinal strain for predicting a right ventricular ejection fraction of <40% was -17.0%. CONCLUSIONS: Right ventricular longitudinal strain is a powerful method for evaluating patients with tetralogy of Fallot. It correlated with echocardiographic right ventricular function parameters and was independently associated with right ventricular ejection fraction derived by MRI.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Aspectos epidemiológicos das meningites em Alagoas no período de 2012-2022

A meningite é uma doença que tem como característica principal a inflamação das meninges, membrana que envolve o cérebro e medula espinhal. Pode ser causada por processos infecciosos ou não, sendo mais importante o de origem infecciosa por bactérias ou vírus, devido ao caráter de saúde pública. Descrever os dados epidemiológicos da meningite em Alagoas nos anos de 2012 a 2022, além de explanar de forma geral sobre seus principais conceitos, etiologias e manifestações. Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal, com análise de dados secundários disponibilizados pelo Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), acerca dos casos notificados de meningite no estado de Alagoas, Brasil, no período de 2012 a 2022. Foram notificados 1180 casos de Meningite no estado de Alagoas durante o período de 2012 a 2022, tendo em destaque o ano de 2013. Em relação a características epidemiológicas, o sexo masculino foi o mais acometido, a faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos, a Meningite Bacteriana como etiologia e o Quimiocitológico como critério confirmatório em destaque. Na vertente ao sorogrupo, obteve-se que 1127 indivíduos foram deixados em branco/ignorados. O número de óbitos por Meningite em Alagoas durante o período de 2012 a 2022 totalizou 178. Vários fatores influenciam os dados, especialmente as condições socioeconômicas da população e a falta de políticas públicas que, associado a rápida disseminação da doença, favorece o surgimento de novos casos. Ainda não se tem uma explicação segura sobre a incidência maior entre indivíduos do sexo masculino e na faixa etária entre 20 e 39 anos, porém a explicação mais aceita está no fato de ser a classe mais ativa e a menos imunizada sendo assim, a mais exposta a contaminação. Os dados obtidos ainda se deparam com a subnotificação que pode ter sido agravada durante a pandemia SARS-CoV-2. A partir do avanço da vacinação e outros métodos profiláticos, os índices de acometidos vem sofrendo redução, apesar de ainda ser considerada uma doença endêmica no Brasil e de fácil contágio