15 research outputs found
EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION WITH TREATED WASTEWATER ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WHITE CORN
- Publication venue
- الجامعة الإسلامية - غزة
- Publication date
- 01/01/2014
- Field of study
In order to investigate the effects of applying treated waste water as a source of irrigation on both physical properties and chemical composition of white corn, this study was conducted at a land in the neighborhood of Gaza Waste Water Treatment Plant (GWWTP). The land was divided into three groups of cells; each group was irrigated with one water type. The Irrigation types were: (1) Irrigation with Tap water (TW) The control, (2) Irrigation with Treated Waste Water (TWW) and (3) Alternating Irrigation with both TW and TWW. The results indicated that the second set, as compared to the control, had not recorded significant difference in the physical properties, whereas the third set had recorded lower physical properties and had seen significant difference. On the other hand, the chemical analyses demonstrated high increase in concentration of each of TKN, TP and K in plant’s leaves of the second set. Keywords: Municipal Waste Water, Reuse, Corn, Drip Irrigation, Agriculture, Gaza
Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents’ growth and development
- Author
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- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2023
- Field of study
Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m–2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified
Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study
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- A. Adam M.
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- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised
Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries
- Author
- Aamir Faiqa Binte
- Aamir Syed Roohan
- Ababneh Adnan
- Abbal Muhammad Anas
- Abbas Ahmed M
- Abbas Mostafa
- Abd-Albain Montasir A
- Abdalei Abdulwahab
- Abdalla Ahmed
- Abdalla Ahmed Yassir
- Abdalla Mohamed Galal Ali
- Abdalla Zainab
- Abdallah Mohamed M
- Abdalmahmoud Noon Ezzeldien
- Abdalsadeg Rowa
- Abdelaal Ahmed M
- Abdelbagi Alnazeer Y
- Abdelbaky Mostafa
- Abdelbaset Doaa
- AbdElbaset Esraa
- Abdelbast Menhag
- Abdelfatah Mohammed Abdelnasser
- Abdelgawad Samia
- Abdelhamid Mohamed M
- Abdeljaber Mahmoud
- Abdelkhalig Mubarak
- Abdelmaksoud Mohamed
- Abdelmeguid Rana
- Abdelmelek Dhia Errahmane
- Abdelnaeam Samah
- Abdelnasser Mohammad K
- Abdelrahim Najwa
- Abdelrahman Amira
- Abdelrahman Ayman
- Abdelsalam Hebatalla
- Abdelsamed Enas Abdelbaset
- Abdelwahab Khaled
- Abdoun Meriem
- Abdulali Fatima
- Abdulaziz Mohamed
- Abdulla Dheba Almukhtar
- Abdullah Bahiyah
- Abdullah Bahiyah
- Abdullah Walaa
- Abdullahi Habiba Ibrahim
- Abdulrahman Ahmed
- Abdulrasheed Lubabatu
- Abdulwahed Eman
- Abdulwahed Eman
- Abeysirigunawardana Dewmi
- Abidin Muhammad Fihmi Zainal
- Abiola Olukayode
- Abiyere Henry
- Abodina Ahmed Mohammed
- Aboelela Reham
- AboElfarh Hadeer Elsaeed
- Aboudlal Husein
- AbouHiekal Osama
- Aboulfotouh Ahmed
- Abozid Anwaar
- Abubaker Noora
- Abubaker Noora
- Abufanas Asma
- Abughanima Mahmoud
- Abuhashem Shehab
- Abulafia Daniel
- Abushaala Fatima
- Abushanab Khaled
- AbuShawareb Issa
- Abuuqteish Hamza
- Abuzaho Amany
- Achem Arome
- Adam Eithar
- Adam Mohammed
- Adam Mohammed A
- Addalla Mohamed
- Addley Jordan
- Adeleye Gbadebo
- Adeniyi Adebayo
- Adewole Nathaniel
- Adeyemo Olabisi
- Adeyeye Ademola
- Adeyeye Ademola
- Adly Michael
- Adnan Siti Nasyirah Nisya
- Ads Adel Mohamed
- Ads Alaa Mohamed
- Adze Joel Amwe
- Afeikhena Ehis
- Agida Teddy
- Agilla Hamza
- Agnew Emilie
- Agu Joy Onyekachi
- Ahmad Zatul Akmar
- Ahmed Abdalla
- Ahmed Ahmed
- Ahmed Ahmed
- Ahmed Alaaaldeen
- Ahmed Entisar
- Ahmed Habeeba
- Ahmed Hatem
- Ahmed Reem
- Ahmed Rehab
- Ahmed Rihab
- Ahmed Rogia Ahmed Abdalla
- Ahmed Ruaa
- Ahmed Sharwany
- Ahmed Uzair
- Ahmed Wahiba
- Ahmeed Sultan
- Airede Lydia Regina
- Aitchison Lori
- Ajredini Mirac
- Ajulo Adeshina A
- Akaba Godwin
- Akasha Mazin
- Akbar Maha Ghulam
- Akbuz Seyma Orcan
- Akdere Hakan
- Akın Bilge
- Akkaya Ege Nur
- Akpamgbo Chukwunonso Nnamdi
- Akwaisah Ayoub
- Al Hammoud Amr
- Al Rawashdeh Toka
- Al-Baw Mahmoud
- Al-Dahdouh Mosheer
- Al-Haek Safa’
- Al-Hazaimeh Mo'ath
- Al-issawi Dima
- Al-Issawi Subhi
- Al-jammal Maryam
- Al-Juaifari Maytham A
- Al-Mwajeh Tesneem
- Al-Omary Sohaib
- Al-Quossi Mohammed
- Al-Shambaty Yasir Babkir Ali
- Al-Shami Qotadah
- Al-Smirat Heba
- Al-Tahayneh Sief-Addeen
- Al-Touny Aiman
- Al-Touny Shimaa
- Al-zawaydeh Alia
- Alaa Ali
- Alabed Ebtihal
- Alagelli Fatma
- Alagoz Ahmet Can
- Alameen Hind
- Alameen Maram
- Alamlih Laith
- Alaqoubi Retaj
- Alarabi Rehab
- Alariby Fatima
- Alatefi Dawood
- Alathameen Nassar
- Albakosh Bashir Abobaker
- Albanopoulos Konstantinos
- Albarhomy Osama
- Albarki Aisha
- Albashaireh Alaa
- Albatni Safa Sasi
- Albayadi Eslam
- Alboon Mosab
- Alboridy Muneera
- Alboueishi Asraa Ali
- Aldeges Marwan
- Aldreawi Mohammed
- Alflite Asil Omar Saleh
- Alfrijat Tamam
- Alfrjani Tariq
- Algabbasi Salima
- Algatanesh Nassib
- Alhadad Qamrah
- Alhaddad Hoda Salem
- Alhaleem Ayah
- Alhaleeq Saif
- Alharam Abtisam
- Alhashimi Abdulhadi Mohammed Alhadi
- Alhassan Monzer
- Alhudhairy Sara
- Ali Ahmed
- Ali Aml
- Ali Doua
- Ali Eithar M
- Ali Iqra Fatima Munawar
- Ali Maab
- Ali Manal
- Ali Muhammad
- Ali Radwa
- Ali Rawan Alsheikh
- Ali Rzan Ali Hamedelneel
- Ali Shehroz
- Aliosin Oleg
- Aljamal Mohammad
- Aljamal Sarah
- Alkaraja Layth
- Alkaseek Akram
- Alkazali Mustafa
- Alkchr Hayat Ben Hasan Mohamed A A
- Alkhatib Abed Alazeez
- Allam Shereen
- Almahroush Marin
- Almakki Doha Mohammed Ahmed
- Alnajjar Lara
- Alnajjar Majjd
- Alnatsheh Wesam
- Alnour Ammar
- Alomar Rabiaa
- Alomari Yazan
- Alqaarh Aya
- Alragig Zahra
- Alrifae Ghaliya Mohamed H
- Alrosan Risan
- Alsagoff Sharifah Nor Amirah Syed Abdul Latiff
- Alsaid Hamza
- Alsaify Esmat
- Alsaih Sawsan
- Alsari Najah
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- Alshawadfy Abdelrhman
- Alshawesh Aisha
- Alsheik Ahmad
- Alsori Mohamed
- Alsoudani Ali
- Altabbaa Hashem
- Altahir Mohamed
- Altair Mawadda
- Altaweel Ahmad
- Altughar Bushra
- Alvarez Matias
- Alvarez-Lozada Luis Adrian
- Alvarez-Lozada Luis Adrian
- Alwahaib Anas
- Alwash Mohammed
- Alzarga Ali
- Alzarouq Ebtisam
- Alzarroug Amal
- Alzghoul Bader
- Alzyoud Osama
- Amarasekara Mishka
- Amary Marwa
- Ametov Amet
- Amin Mostafa K
- Aminu Bashiru
- Aminu Muhammad Baffah
- Ammar Ahmed Siddique
- Amro Dana
- Ananthapadmanabhan Shravankrishna
- Anderson Paul
- Andrew Paul Chimezie
- Andriani Adelaide
- Anestiadou Elissavet
- Angelis Fragkiskos
- Angeslis Fragkiskos
- Aqeel Syed Talha Bin
- Aral Canan
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- Aslam Muhammad Nadeem
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- Astal Mohammed
- Asudo Felicia
- Atadag Yildiz Buyukdereli
- Atef Dina
- Athamneh Tayseer
- Athanasiadis Apostolos
- Ather M Hammad
- Atherton Kristy
- Atia Ahmed
- Atici Semra Demirli
- Atilhan Ridvan
- Atim Terkaa
- Atiq Tabish
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- Bakeer Hibah Bileid
- Bakeer Mohammed
- Balciscueta Zutoia
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- Barbaro Antonio
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- Basam Aya
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- Beatson Nicholas
- Bei Michael
- Bektas Sebnem
- Bell David
- Benamor Oumayma
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- Saad Mahmoud M
- Saada Hind
- Saber Mona
- Sabry Ahmed Abdelfatah
- Sabuncu Kubilay
- Sadauskas Tomas
- Sadek Mirna
- Saeed Abdallah
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- Sahin Melek
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- Salaheldein Mohamed
- Salameh Alaa Eddin
- Salawu Adedayo
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- Saleh Ahmad
- Saleh Sara Ahmed
- Salem Ebrahim
- Salem Mohammed
- Saliaris Konstantinos
- Salih Alaa A
- Salihu Makama Baje
- Sallam Abdelaziz
- Samalavicius Narimantas
- Sami Wesam
- Sammour Tarik
- Sampatha-Waduge Tharushi
- Sanad Aly
- Sandhu Jaspreet Kaur
- Sanguesa Maria Jose
- Sani Samuel Ali
- Sanli Ahmet Necati
- Sanz-Romera Jorge
- Sara Rachel
- Saraçoğlu Ayten
- Sarafi Aikaterini
- Sarangadasa Pavatharane
- Sarhan Osama
- Sarı Ahmet Can
- Sarih Monira
- Sarwar Albash
- Sathasivam Vinogi
- Sathiyaseelan Avinash
- Sawaftah Khaled
- Sayed Ahmed M
- Sayed Mohamed Al
- Sayed Yasmeen
- Saylar Alparslan
- Saylar Alparslan
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- Schizas Dimitrios
- Segaran Sharrada
- Seldon Alexandra
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- Seneviratne Dharani
- Sengupta Shomik
- Senthilrajan Rahavi
- Seow Warren
- Shaaban Abdelrahman
- Shaban Aya
- Shaban Walid
- Shabaneh Amin
- Shafaat Amna
- Shagroun Esra
- Shah Jainil
- Shah Jainil
- Shahat Mohammed A
- Shaheen Nourhan
- Shahin Mahmoud
- Shalaby Mostafa
- Shalalfeh Sa'ed
- Shaltout Asmaa S
- Shamshoon Kerollos
- Shanag Hadeel
- Shanahan James
- Shang Mengge
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- Shipa Ahmed
- Shiru Mariam Motunrayo
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- Taşcı Muhammed Enes
- Taufiq Maliha
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- Temerik Abdallah Rashad
- Teng Cherilyn
- Tepe Mustafa Deniz
- Tepe Mustafa Deniz
- Terrosu Giovanni
- Theophilus Mary
- Thompson Nasya
- Thornton-Hume David
- Tiffany Lea
- Ting Clarissa
- Tiras Hale Nur
- Titan Ashley
- Toft Alexandra
- Traina Francesco
- Tran Anthony
- Tran Quang
- Tran Tam
- Tran Will
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- Tsakiridis Ioannis
- Tsakiridis Nikolaos
- Tsourouflis Gerasimos
- Tsui Sonia Ching Ting
- Tu Hien
- Tun Than
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- Tuzuner Filiz
- Tynan Dominic
- Ugool Mahmoud
- Uğurlu Mustafa Ümit
- Ukrani Ronika Devi
- Ukwuoma Ohia Ernest
- Ulkucu Attila
- Uludag Server Sezgin
- Ulusahin Mehmet
- umar Abubakar
- Umar Gabi Ibrahim
- Uprak Tevfik Kıvılcım
- Ureña Violeta
- Usman Liman Haruna
- Uyanık Mustafa Safa
- Uzair Ahmad
- Uzel Kadir
- Vadioaloo Dinesh Kumar
- Valaroutsou Olga Maria
- Valverde-Vazquez Rocio
- Vance Lucille
- Vanguardia Kristina
- Vanguardia Maria Kristina
- Vanzuylekom Katie
- Varesano Marco
- Varghese Chris
- Varghese Chris
- Velenciuc Natalia
- Vermeulen Wikus
- Vidanagama Sasini
- Vimalan Vineeth
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- Vollenhoven Beverley
- Vong Crystal
- Vrakopoulou Gavriella Zoi
- Vu Jennifer
- Vu Jennifer
- Waaka Nicholas
- Wadhwa Sanya
- Wagaarachchi Prabhath
- Waheed Ayesha Akbar
- Waldin Lucy
- Walsh Eamon
- Walters Chris
- Wang Bill
- Wang Christine
- Wang Erica
- Wang Grace
- Wang Katie
- Wang Nicole Qiwen
- Wang Pengnan
- Wang Qiwen
- Wang Shelley
- Wang Yantong
- Wang Zixuan
- Waqar Usama
- Waraich Abdullah
- Ward Jack
- Wardeh Salah Abu
- Wasim Tayyiba
- Watson David
- Watson David
- Wedatalla Mansour
- Weeda Lewis
- Wells Cameron
- Wells Cameron
- Wells Cameron
- Wells Oliver
- Werenski Hope
- Wijayaratne Rivindu
- Wijetunga Asanka
- Williams Brittany
- Williams Peter
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- Windsor John
- Windsor John
- Winthrop Lily
- Withanage Indrajith
- Wong James
- Wong Jason
- Wong Kenneth
- Wong King Ho
- Wong Patrick
- Wong Samantha
- Woodbridge Christian
- Wright Deborah
- Wright Deborah
- Wright Deborah
- Wu Alan
- Wu Alan
- Wu Chun-Yen
- Wu Hongyi
- Wycliff Daniel
- Xiao Haotian
- Xie Maria
- Xu Cindy
- Xu William
- Xu William
- Xu William
- Yaghmour Jamal
- Yahya Bilal Shuaibu
- Yahya Rawad
- Yang Wah
- Yao Michelle
- Yao Sunny
- Yao Sunny
- Yasar Meltem
- Yasir Ruaa
- Yassin Mohamed
- Yavuz Dogancan
- Yavuz Ikranur
- Yaytokgil Muhammet
- Yazgan Yasemin
- Yee Su-Ann
- Yeung Justin
- Yeung Kar Long
- Yew Anthea
- Yi Kevin
- Yiannakopoulos Christos
- Yildirim Yasemin
- Yildiz Ahmet
- Yıldız Berkay
- Yilmaz Hakan
- Yin Chonghao
- Ying Geoffrey
- Yodkitydomying Chatnapa
- Yong Nathania
- Yoon Si Woo
- You Ha Seong
- Young Simon
- Young Stevie
- Younus Khadijah
- Yousif Fatima Imad
- Yousri Mohamed
- Youssef Ahmed A
- Youssef Arkan
- Yu Hoi Hang
- Yu Victor
- Yuan Grace
- Yue Bosco
- Yue Tiffany
- Yunos Mohamed Haseef Mohamed
- Yusuf Stephen
- Yuzgec Ayse Nilufer
- Zachomitros Fotios
- Zaed Moahmed
- Zafar Fatima
- Zaghloul Ahmed
- Zaheer Adil
- Zaidi Faseeh
- Zain Ahmad
- Zakaria Ahmed
- Zakaria Andee Dzulkarnaen
- Zakaria Mohd Zaim
- Zalloum Jihad
- Zamanbandhon Bushra
- Zambon Mattia
- Zapsalis Konstantinos
- Zargar Kamran
- Zarzour Mohamed A
- Zeng Raymond
- Zeng Raymond
- Zengin Kagan
- Zertuche Juventino Tadeo Guerrero
- Zhang Caitlin
- Zhang Edward
- Zhang Shane
- Zhang Yichi
- Zhao Hailin
- Zheng Helen
- Zhou Karen
- Zhou Yida
- Ziergiebel Felix
- Zou Peishan
- Zuylekom Kate Van
- Zuylekom Katie Van
- Zwain Yasir Adnan
- Zyul'korneeva Sof'ya
- Aladna Abdallah
- Aljoumaa Abdullah
- Nawfal Hamdi
- Niazi Ammar
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2024
- Field of study
Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely
Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults
- Author
- Abbas Rezaianzadeh
- Abdonas Tamosiunas
- Abdul Basit
- Abdul Hamid Zargar
- Abdullah Alkandari
- Abdullatif Husseini
- Abhijit Sen
- Abla M Sibai
- Abu Am Hanif
- Adela Chirita-Emandi
- Adelheid Weber
- Adetoyeje Y Oyeyemi
- Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Adolfo Rubinstein
- Adoubi Kassi Anicet
- Adroaldo Cesar Araujo Gaya
- Afshin Ostovar
- Agnes L Kadvan
- Agneta Sjöberg
- Agneta Yngve
- Agnès Le Port
- Agustinus Soemantri
- Agustín Perez-Londoño
- Ahmad A Zainuddin
- Ahmad Faudzi Yusoff
- Ahmad Reza Dorosty
- Ahmed A Madar
- Aida Pilav
- Aïcha Soumaré
- Akaninyene Otu
- Akihiro Yoshihara
- Akkumis Salhanova
- Akram Pourshams
- Ala'a Alkerwi
- Alain Morejon
- Alanna G da Silva
- Albertino Damasceno
- Alberto Barceló
- Alberto Palloni
- Albina A Fakhretdinova
- Alejandro Diaz
- Aleksander Giwercman
- Aleksandra Gomula
- Aleksandra Piwonska
- Alessandro Gialluisi
- Aletta E Schutte
- Alexander D Deev
- Alexandra M Cucu
- Alexandre C Pereira
- Alfonso Siani
- Alfonso Sousa-Poza
- Ali Ahmadi
- Ali Akbar Shayesteh
- Ali Esmaeili
- Ali Ghanbari
- Ali Reza Safarpour
- Alice Bonilla-Vargas
- Alicia Matijasevich
- Alina G Platonova
- Alina Kerimkulova
- Aline Meirhaeghe
- Aline P Batista
- Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam
- Alireza Khosravi
- Alireza Moslem
- Alireza Sadjadi
- Alisha N Wade
- Alison J Hayes
- Alison J Price
- Allan G Hill
- Allan Linneberg
- Almaz Sharman
- Altan Onat
- Aluisio Jd Barros
- Alun Evans
- Amalia De Curtis
- Amanda G Thrift
- Amanda J Cross
- Amaneh Shayanrad
- Ambady Ramachandran
- Amelia C Crampin
- Amina Barkat
- Amir Houshang Mehrparvar
- Amirabbas Momenan
- Ana Azevedo
- Ana B Crujeiras
- Ana Barradas-Pires
- Ana Carolina Mgn de Sá
- Ana D González-Alvarez
- Ana Henriques
- Ana I Rito
- Ana Jelaković
- Ana Maria B Menezes
- Ana P Ortiz
- Ana Paula C Cândido
- Anabela Mota-Pinto
- Anar Dushpanova
- Anastasia Markaki
- Anders Grøntved
- Andre L Guimaraes
- Andre P Kengne
- Andrea Gazzinelli
- Andrea Gualtieri
- Andrea Rodriguez-Martinez
- Andrea Rvr Horimoto
- Andrea Schneider
- Andrea Y Rodríguez
- Andrea Zentai
- Andreas Stang
- Andreia N Pizarro
- Andrew Kingston
- Andrew Reynolds
- Andrew Wong
- Andrzej Galbarczyk
- Andrzej Pająk
- Andrzej Więcek
- Anelise Reis Gaya
- Aneta Grajda
- Aneta Weres
- Anette Varbo
- Angel R Gonzalez
- Angela Chetrit
- Angela Döring
- Angela Spinelli
- Angelika Schaffrath Rosario
- Angelique Chan
- Angélica M Ochoa-Avilés
- Anie Marcil
- Anil Poudyal
- Anja L Madsen
- Anja Schienkiewitz
- Anna Bartosiewicz
- Anna Bugge
- Anna Fijalkowska
- Anna Jansson
- Anna V Alieva
- Annamari Lundqvist
- Anne A Bjerregaard
- Anne Chinnock
- Anne Juolevi
- Anne Taylor
- Anne Tjonneland
- Anneke Blokstra
- Annette J Dobson
- Annette Peters
- Annika Rosengren
- Anthony Kafatos
- Antonia Trichopoulou
- Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- Antonio Cabrera de León
- Antonio M Silva
- Antonio Mistretta
- Antonio Pedro Graça
- Antonio Prista
- Antonis Zampelas
- Antonisamy Belavendra
- Anu Mishra
- Anwar M Batieha
- Archie W Rayner
- Areti Triantafyllou
- Argyro Karakosta
- Ari Voutilainen
- Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues
- Arnaud Chiolero
- Aroor Bhagyalaxmi
- Arsalan Khaledifar
- Artur Mazur
- Arvind Pandey
- Arwa M Alshangiti
- Aryeh D Stein
- Asher Fawwad
- Attilio Rigotti
- Atul Trivedi
- Augustin F Beybey
- Augustine N Odili
- Augusto Di Castelnuovo
- Aung Soe Htet
- Ausra Petrauskiene
- Avula Laxmaiah
- Axel C Carlsson
- Aya Mostafa
- Ayman A Zayed
- Azaliia M Tuliakova
- Azhar Dyussupova
- Azim Nejatizadeh
- Azli Baharudin
- Åsa Ågren
- Badreya Al-Lahou
- Bagher Larijani
- Bahareh Kheiri
- Bahman Cheraghian
- Bakary Jallow
- Baltazar Nunes
- Barbara Heude
- Barbara Thorand
- Barry M Popkin
- Batyrbek Assembekov
- Beatriz D Schaan
- Bee Koon Poh
- Behrooz Hamzeh
- Bekbolat Zholdin
- Belgin Unal
- Belong Cho
- Ben Schöttker
- Benjamin Acosta-Cazares
- Benoit Salanave
- Benson M Kazembe
- Bente Sparboe-Nilsen
- Bernard Maire
- Bernardo L Horta
- Bernhard O Boehm
- Bert-Jan van den Born
- Bettina Bringolf-Isler
- Bharathi Viswanathan
- Bhawesh Koirala
- Bihungum Bista
- Bill Stavreski
- Bin Zhou
- Bing Zhang
- Birgit Linkohr
- Biruta Velika
- Blanca Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt
- Bo Werner
- Boban Mugoša
- Bogdan Wojtyniak
- Bojan Jelaković
- Bontha V Babu
- Boyd A Swinburn
- Börge Schmidt
- Branimir Leskošek
- Breige A McNulty
- Brian Oldenburg
- Brooklyn Fraser
- Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva
- Buthaina M Alkhatib
- Børge G Nordestgaard
- Caleb Ochimana
- Calogero Saieva
- Calvin Ke
- Camilla T Damsgaard
- Carl Lachat
- Carla Menêses Hardman
- Carlo Maria Barbagallo
- Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Carlos O Mendivil
- Carlos P Boissonnet
- Carmen Iñiguez
- Carolina B Tarqui-Mamani
- Caroline H Fall
- Caroline Ramos de Moura Silva
- Carsten O Schmidt
- Cassiano Ricardo Rech
- Catherine Kyobutungi
- Catterina Ferreccio
- Cecilia Björkelund
- Cecily Kelleher
- Cesar G Victora
- Cézane P Reuter
- Chandini Nekkantti
- Chao Qiang Jiang
- Charalambos A Hadjigeorgiou
- Charles Agyemang
- Charles K Mondo
- Charles Lunogelo
- Charles Sossa Jérome
- Charlie Lim
- Charlotte B Ottendahl
- Charmaine A Duante
- Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Chiara Donfrancesco
- Chien-An Sun
- Chien-Jen Chen
- Ching-Yu Cheng
- Chinh Nguyen Huu
- Chinwuba Ijoma
- Chongjian Wang
- Chris Cowell
- Christa L Lilly
- Christa Meisinger
- Christian Gieger
- Christina C Dahm
- Christina Howitt
- Christina Mavrogianni
- Christine Cameron
- Christophe Tzourio
- Christopher J Paciorek
- Chung T Nguyen
- Cihangir Erem
- Claes Ohlsson
- Clara Homs
- Claudia M Hormiga
- Cláudia S Minderico
- Clicerio González-Villalpando
- Clive Osmond
- Coimbatore Subramaniam Shanthirani
- Con Burns
- Constance Schultsz
- Constanta Huidumac Petrescu
- Cora L Craig
- Correia Júnior Marco Aurélio de Valois
- Cosmin R Cojocaru
- Cristina P Padez
- Crizian G Saar
- Cynthia M Pérez
- Cyrus Cooper
- Daan Kromhout
- Dalia Luksiene
- Damaskini Valvi
- Damian K Francis
- Dan Zhu
- Daniel Bia
- Daniel Fernández-Bergés
- Daniel Ferrante
- Daniel G Vasques
- Daniel Lemogoum
- Daniel Weghuber
- Daniela Galeone
- Daniela Kállayová
- Daniela Pierannunzio
- Daniela Rodrigues
- Daphne Lai
- Daphne Mirkopoulou
- David A Gonzalez-Chica
- David De Ridder
- David Faeh
- David Goltzman
- Davide Noto
- Davood Khalili
- Deborah C Malta
- Debra S Judge
- Deena Al Asfoor
- Deepak N Amarapurkar
- Delphine De Smedt
- Demetre Labadarios
- Denise Eldemire-Shearer
- Dermot O'Reilly
- Dénes Molnár
- Diana A Santos
- Diane T Meto
- Dianna J Magliano
- Dickman Gareta
- Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Diego G Christofaro
- Diego Salmerón
- Diego Vanuzzo
- Dimitrios Papandreou
- Dimitrios Poulimeneas
- Dimitrios Trichopoulos
- Dirk De Bacquer
- Dirk Vanderschueren
- Dominique Cottel
- Dominique Hange
- Dong Zhao
- Dongfeng Gu
- Dora Romaguera
- Doris Stöckl
- Dorja Vocanec
- Doroteia A Höfelmann
- Dusko J Bjelica
- Dušan Grafnetter
- Duygu Islek
- Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini
- E Shyong Tai
- Ebrahim Eftekhar
- Ebrahim Ghaderi
- Eduardo Capuano
- Eduardo Salazar Martinez
- Edward F Fottrell
- Edward Janus
- Edward W Gregg
- Edwige Landais
- Edyta Łuszczki
- Eero O Kajantie
- Efthymios Kapantais
- Eha Nurk
- Ei Ei K Nang
- Eiji Oda
- Ekaterina Chikova-Iscener
- Ekaterina Stoyanova
- Elaine Dennison
- Elaine M Murtagh
- Eldridge Ferrer
- Elena Anufrieva
- Elena Bogova
- Elena Pahomova
- Elena Sacchini
- Elena V Skoblina
- Eleonora d'Orsi
- Elias F Gudmundsson
- Elin Kolle
- Elin P Sørgjerd
- Elio Riboli
- Elisabete Ramos
- Elisabetta L Romeo
- Eliza Cinteza
- Eliza Markidou Ioannidou
- Ellina M Iakupova
- Elling Bere
- Ellis Owusu-Dabo
- Ellisiv B Mathiesen
- Elnaz Faramarzi
- Els Clays
- Else Karin Grøholt
- Elvis Oa Wambiya
- Elvynna Leong
- Elysée Claude Bika Lele
- Elzbieta Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk
- Eman Aly
- Emanuel Zitt
- Emanuela Gualdi-Russo
- Emanuela Pettenuzzo
- Emiel Hoogendijk
- Emily B Wong
- Emily Sonestedt
- Emma Ruiz Moreno
- Emmanuel Cohen
- Emmanuella Magriplis
- Eng Joo Tan
- Enguerran Macia
- Enisa Kujundzic
- Enrique Gutiérrez González
- Enzo Manzato
- Erfan Ghasemi
- Eric Monterrubio-Flores
- Erik J Timmermans
- Erik Lykke Mortensen
- Erkin Mirrakhimov
- Ertugrul Celikcan
- Eruke E Egbagbe
- Espen Bjertness
- Esteban Carmuega
- Esther Lopez-Garcia
- Esther M González-Gil
- Ethel Santacruz
- Eugène Sobngwi
- Eunice Ugel
- Eva Corpeleijn
- Eva Gerdts
- Eva Karaglani
- Eva Martos
- Evangelia Tzala
- Ewelina Czenczek-Lewandowska
- Éva Kovács
- Fabian Rohner
- Fabián Méndez
- Fabio Galvano
- Fadi J Charchar
- Fadia AlBuhairan
- Fangfang Chen
- Farahnaz Joukar
- Farhad Moradpour
- Farhad Pourfarzi
- Farhad Zamani
- Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
- Farid Najafi
- Farshad Farzadfar
- Farzad Hadaegh
- Fatai A Maruf
- Fatemeh Malekzadeh
- Fatima Zahra Laamiri
- Felicia Cañete
- Felipe F Casanueva
- Felipe V Cureau
- Felix Gutzwiller
- Felix K Assah
- Felix O Kaducu
- Felix P Phiri
- Fereidoun Azizi
- Fernanda Cunha Soares
- Fernando Rigo
- Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Félicité Tchibindat
- Fikru Tullu
- Flavio D Fuchs
- Flavio Nervi
- Flora Am Ukoli
- Flora Bacopoulou
- Florian Muca
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- Francesco Gianfagna
- Francesco Panza
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- Francis Delpeuch
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- Francisco de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos
- Francisco J Felix-Redondo
- François F Kaze
- Frank Claessens
- Frank J Rühli
- Frank Tanser
- Fred Michel Paccaud
- Fred Nuwaha
- Freda Pitakaka
- Frederic Gottrand
- Frederick C Wu
- Frøydis N Vik
- Furusawa Takuro
- G K Mini
- Gabriel M Leung
- Gabriele Eiben
- Gabriele Nagel
- Gabriella Gruden
- Gailute Bernotiene
- Galina Obreja
- Gareth Stratton
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- Satoko Sakata
- Sauli Herrala
- Savvas Savva
- Scott B McLean
- Semánová Csilla
- Senthil K Vasan
- Seongjun Ha
- Seppo Koskinen
- Sergej M Ostojic
- Sergio Viana Peixoto
- Seth Adu-Afarwuah
- Seyed Mohammad Hashemi-Shahri
- Seyed Morteza Shamshirgaran
- Seyed Rasoul Zakavi
- Seyed-Ali Mostafavi
- Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari
- Shahla AlDhukair
- Shaker A Alomary
- Shariq R Masoodi
- Sheena E Ramsay
- Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
- Shelly R McFarlane
- Sherali Rakhmatulloev
- Sherilynn Madraisau
- Shina Avi
- Shiqi Zhen
- Shirin Djalalinia
- Shoaib Afzal
- Shoichiro Tsugane
- Shouling Wu
- Shu-Ti Chiou
- Shubash Ganapathy
- Shufa Du
- Shukri F Mohamed
- Shuohua Chen
- Shynar Abdrakhmanova
- Sibel Gogen
- Sigmund A Anderssen
- Silje Steinsbekk
- Silvana P Donoso
- Silvia Bel-Serrat
- Silvije Vuletić
- Simo Pone Larissa
- Simona Bo
- Simona Costanzo
- Simona Giampaoli
- Sinead Brophy
- Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi
- Slavica Sovic
- Slawomir Koziel
- Snehalatha Chamukuttan
- Sofia K Malyutina
- Soheir H Ahmed
- Sok King Ong
- Solie Puhakka
- Son Thai Pham
- Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
- Sonya V Galcheva
- Soon-Woo Park
- Sophia J Kiechl
- Sophie Visvikis-Siest
- Sounnia Mediene Benchekor
- Sousana K Papadopoulou
- Srinivasan Kannan
- Stefaan De Henauw
- Stefaan Demarest
- Stefan Adela Gabriela
- Stefan Kiechl
- Stefan Rach
- Stefan Savin
- Stefan Söderberg
- Stefania Maggi
- Stefania Toselli
- Stefano Marventano
- Steinar Krokstad
- Stephen T McGarvey
- Steve Botomba
- Stevo R Popovic
- Stig E Bojesen
- Stine Schramm
- Sudha Ramachandra Rao
- Sudhir Kowlessur
- Suhad Bahijri
- Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar
- Sumit Bharadwaj
- Suntara Klanarong
- Susana C Confortin
- Susana Sans
- Susana Vale
- Susanne Kobel
- Susanne R de Rooij
- Susi Kriemler
- Suyeon Park
- Suzanne C Ho
- Suzanne N Morin
- Svetlana Shalnova
- Sylvain Sebert
- Sylvia Alexius
- Tabara Yasuharu
- Tahir Aris
- Tai Hing Lam
- Tajana Zeljkovic Vrkic
- Takafumi Ishida
- Take Naseri
- Takuro Furusawa
- Tal Shimony
- Tamara R Santos
- Tamás Csányi
- Tamerlan Rajabov
- Tandi E Matsha
- Tania Lopez
- Tania Tello
- Tanja Gm Vrijkotte
- Tara C Coppinger
- Taru Manyanga
- Tasanee Braithwaite
- Tatjana Hejgaard
- Tatyana Slazhnyova
- Tazeen Jafar
- Terence Dwyer
- Terence W O'Neill
- Teresa Haugsgjerd
- Teresa Shamah-Levy
- Terho Lehtimäki
- Thamara Hubler Figueiró
- Thein Thein Htay
- Themistoklis Tzotzas
- Theodora Benedek
- Thet Thet Mu
- Thi Tuyet-Hanh Tran
- Thirunavukkarasu Sathish
- Thomas Ferrao
- Thomas M Dantoft
- Thomas Münzel
- Thomas Waldhör
- Thor Aspelund
- Thorkild Ia Sørensen
- Tien Yin Wong
- Tiffany K Gill
- Tiina Laatikainen
- Tiina Lankila
- Tiina Vlasoff
- Tilema Cama
- Till Ittermann
- Timothy Key
- Tina Harmer Lassen
- Tint Swe Latt
- Tobias F Rinke de Wit
- Tom Wilsgaard
- Tomas Vega
- Tomasz Zdrojewski
- Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Toomas Veidebaum
- Torben Jørgensen
- Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Tran Quoc Bao
- Trevor S Ferguson
- Tuija Jääskeläinen
- Tuyen D Le
- Tze Pin Ng
- Ulf Ekelund
- Ulf Risérus
- Ulla Roggenbuck
- Ulrich Keil
- Ulrike Gehring
- Unjali P Gujral
- Urho M Kujala
- Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer
- Uruwan Yamborisut
- Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan
- Valentina Peterkova
- Valéria Regecová
- Valérie Deschamps
- Valirie N Agbor
- Valter Barbosa Filho
- Vanessa Rouzier
- Vanina Bongard
- Vasiliki Efthymiou
- Vassilis Zafiropulos
- Vayia Rarra
- Vedrana Sember
- Veikko Salomaa
- Vera Lanska
- Vera Musil
- Veronica Mocanu
- Vesna Juresa
- Vesselka L Duleva
- Victor M Herrera
- Victor Matsudo
- Victor Pf Lhoste
- Victoria E Soto-Rojas
- Victoria Farrugia Sant'Angelo
- Vijaya Lingam
- Viktoria Anna Kovacs
- Viktoriya Furdela
- Vilma E Irazola
- Vilma Kriaucioniene
- Vilmundur Gudnason
- Vilnis Dzerve
- Vinay B Nangia
- Vincent Jr DeGennaro
- Vincenzo Capuano
- Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Violeta Iotova
- Virginija Dulskiene
- Virgílio V Ramires
- Visnja Djordjic
- Viswanathan Mohan
- Viviana Guajardo
- Viviane C Cardoso
- Vladimir Kutsenko
- Wafaie W Fawzi
- Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar
- Wan Nazaimoon Wan Mohamud
- Wei Zheng
- Wei-Cheng Lo
- Wei-Yen Lim
- Weili Yan
- Wen-Harn Pan
- Wenbin Wei
- Wendy Van Lippevelde
- Wenhua Zhao
- Wichai Aekplakorn
- Willem A Hanekom
- William A Neal
- William R Tebar
- Wilma M Hopman
- Winsome R Parnell
- Wm Monique Verschuren
- Wojciech Drygas
- Wojciech Rusek
- Wolfgang Ahrens
- Wolfgang Kratzer
- Xenophon Theodoridis
- Xiangjun Wang
- Xiaoguang Yang
- Xiaotian Liu
- Ximena Berrios Carrasola
- Xinyi Gwee
- Xiu-Hua Guo
- Xu Lin
- Xu Ma
- Xueling Sim
- Xun Tang
- Ya Xing Wang
- Yadlapalli S Kusuma
- Yajaira Briceño
- Yang Yang
- Yanhui Dong
- Yanina Zocalo
- Yanitsa V Zhecheva
- Yannis Manios
- Yanping Li
- Yemane Berhane
- Yeunsook Rho
- Yeva Movsesyan
- Yi Song
- Yi Zeng
- Yih Chung Tham
- Yiling J Cheng
- Yin Guo
- Ying-Wei Wang
- Yingfeng Zheng
- Yn-Tz Sung
- Yong Tao
- Yonghua Hu
- Yosef Farzi
- Yoto Yotov
- Youcef Laid
- Young-Ho Khang
- Yousef Saleh Khader
- Yu-Ling Yu
- Yuan He
- Yufang Bi
- Yuki Fujita
- Yulia Balanova
- Yuliya V Solovieva
- Yuna He
- Yunjiang Yu
- Yury P Nikitin
- Yves Kameli
- Yves Martin-Prevel
- Yvonne T van der Schouw
- Zahra Mohammadi
- Zbigniew Gaciong
- Zbigniew Kulaga
- Zengchang Pang
- Zhamilya Battakova
- Zhamyila Usupova
- Zhanna Kalmatayeva
- Zhen-Yu Zhang
- Zhengming Chen
- Ziad A Abdeen
- Zivka Dika
- Zlatko Fras
- Zulfiqar A Bhutta
- Zulfiya Abdurrahmonova
- Zumin Shi
- Łukasz Kryst
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/03/2024
- Field of study
Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We
estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from
1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories.
Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and
weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate
trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children
and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the
individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference)
and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median).
Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in
11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed
changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and
140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of
underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and
countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior
probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse
was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of
thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a
posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%)
with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and
obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for
both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such
as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged
children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls
in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and
42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents,
the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining
underweight or thinness.
Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an
increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy
nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of
underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit
Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults
- Author
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- Abarca-Gomez L
- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abdeen ZA
- Abdrakhmanova S
- Abdurrahmonova Z
- Abril GL
- Abu-Rmeileh NM
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- Udoji N
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- Ukoli FAM
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- van den Born B-J
- Van der Heyden J
- van der Schouw YT
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- van Valkengoed IGM
- Vanderschueren D
- Vanuzzo D
- Varbo A
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- Velde ST
- Velika B
- Verloigne M
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- Victora CG
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- Vuletic S
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- Wang C
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- Wang N
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- Wang YX
- Wannamethee SG
- Wareham N
- Wartha O
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- Webster-Kerr K
- Wedderkopp N
- Weghuber D
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- Westbury LD
- Whincup PH
- Wichstrom L
- Wickramasinghe K
- Widhalm K
- Widyahening IS
- Wiecek A
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- Wilks RJ
- Willeit J
- Willeit P
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- Wilsgaard T
- Wirth JP
- Wojtyniak B
- Woldeyohannes M
- Wolf K
- Wong A
- Wong EB
- Wong JE
- Wong NI
- Wong TY
- Wong-McClure RA
- Woo J
- Woodward M
- Wu FC
- Wu H-Y
- Wu J
- Wu LJ
- Wu S
- Wyszynska J
- Xu H
- Xu L
- Yaacob NA
- Yamborisut U
- Yan L
- Yan W
- Yang L
- Yang X
- Yang Y
- Yardim N
- Yasuharu T
- Yiallouros PK
- Yngve A
- Yoosefi M
- Yoshihara A
- Yotov Y
- You QS
- You S-L
- Younger-Coleman NO
- Yu Y
- Yu Y-L
- Yusof SM
- Yusoff AF
- Yusoff MFM
- Zaccagni L
- Zafiropulos V
- Zainuddin AA
- Zakavi SR
- Zamani F
- Zambon S
- Zampelas A
- Zamrazilova H
- Zapata ME
- Zargar AH
- Zaw KK
- Zayed AA
- Zdrojewski T
- Zeglen M
- Zejglicova K
- Zeng Y
- Zentai A
- Zhang B
- Zhang L
- Zhang Z-Y
- Zhao D
- Zhao M-H
- Zhao W
- Zhecheva YV
- Zhen S
- Zheng W
- Zheng Y
- Zholdin B
- Zhou B
- Zhou M
- Zhu D
- Zimmet P
- Zins M
- Zitt E
- Zocalo Y
- Zoghlami N
- Zuziak M
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- 01/01/2024
- Field of study
Background
Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories.
Methods
We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI 2 SD above the median).
Findings
From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness.
Interpretation
The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesity.
Funding
UK Medical Research Council, UK Research and Innovation (Research England), UK Research and Innovation (Innovate UK), and European Union
Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents’ growth and development
- Author
- Abarca-Gómez L
- Abdeen ZA
- Abdrakhmanova S
- Abdul Rahim HF
- Abdurrahmonova Z
- Abril GL
- Abu-Rmeileh NM
- Acosta-Cazares B
- Adam I
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- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
AbstractOptimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m–2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified.</jats:p
Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults
- Author
- Aarestrup J
- Abarca-Gómez L
- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abdeen ZA
- Abdrakhmanova S
- Abdul Ghaffar S
- Abdul Rahim HF
- Abdurrahmonova Z
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- Abubakar Garba J
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- Ahmed SH
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- Aitmurzaeva G
- Ajlouni K
- Al Asfoor D
- Al Hourani HM
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- Al-Lahou B
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- Widhalm K
- Widyahening IS
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- Wilks RJ
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- Zhang Z-Y
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- Ängquist L
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- Čapková N
- Łuszczki E
- Šalaj S
- Ševčíková Ľ
- Żegleń M
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- Field of study
Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI 2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/images/research_banner_face_lab_290.jpgunderweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesity
General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants
- Author
- Abarca-Gómez L
- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abdrakhmanova S
- Abdul Ghaffar S
- Abdul Rahim HF
- Abdurrahmonova Z
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- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- Field of study
Background Adiposity can be measured using BMI (which is based on weight and height) as well as indices of abdominal adiposity. We examined the association between BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) within and across populations of different world regions and quantified how well these two metrics discriminate between people with and without hypertension. Methods We used data from studies carried out from 1990 to 2023 on BMI, WHtR and hypertension in people aged 20–64 years in representative samples of the general population in eight world regions. We graphically compared the regional distributions of BMI and WHtR, and calculated Pearson’s correlation coefficients between BMI and WHtR within each region. We used mixed-effects linear regression to estimate the extent to which WHtR varies across regions at the same BMI. We graphically examined the prevalence of hypertension and the distribution of people who have hypertension both in relation to BMI and WHtR, and we assessed how closely BMI and WHtR discriminate between participants with and without hypertension using C-statistic and net reclassification improvement (NRI). Findings The correlation between BMI and WHtR ranged from 0·76 to 0·89 within different regions. After adjusting for age and BMI, mean WHtR was highest in south Asia for both sexes, followed by Latin America and the Caribbean and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. Mean WHtR was lowest in central and eastern Europe for both sexes, in the high-income western region for women, and in Oceania for men. Conversely, to achieve an equivalent WHtR, the BMI of the population of south Asia would need to be, on average, 2·79 kg/m² (95% CI 2·31–3·28) lower for women and 1·28 kg/m² (1·02–1·54) lower for men than in the high-income western region. In every region, hypertension prevalence increased with both BMI and WHtR. Models with either of these two adiposity metrics had virtually identical C-statistics and NRIs for every region and sex, with C-statistics ranging from 0·72 to 0·81 and NRIs ranging from 0·34 to 0·57 in different region and sex combinations. When both BMI and WHtR were used, performance improved only slightly compared with using either adiposity measure alone. Interpretation BMI can distinguish young and middle-aged adults with higher versus lower amounts of abdominal adiposity with moderate-to-high accuracy, and both BMI and WHtR distinguish people with or without hypertension. However, at the same BMI level, people in south Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa, have higher WHtR than in the other regions
Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries
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- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
Background: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit