Comparison of Clinical and Hemodynamic Effects of Isoflurane and Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Calves

Background: Inhalation anesthesia is the preferred method for use on many animal species, including ruminants, due to its superiority over the injectable anesthetics. The most commonly used inhalation anesthetics are isoflurane and sevoflurane The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia on the cardiovascular system of calves.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 20 calves (11 male, 9 female) between 1 and 6 months in age and 50 to 85 kg in body weight were used. The calves were divided randomly into two groups of 10 each, with one group being administered isoflurane and the other sevoflurane. An intramuscular dosage of 0.1 mg/kg of xylazine was administered to the calves as premedication. Induction was performed 10 min after calves were given an intramuscular dosage of 4 mg/kg of ketamine. Inhalation anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane or sevoflurane in 100% oxygen saturation. Before anesthesia, after induction and at intervals of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, and 60 min of anesthesia, the body temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate of the calves were recorded. Additionally, before anesthesia, after induction and at intervals of 15, 30, 45, and 60 min of anesthesia, serum electrolyte (Na+, Ca++, K+, Mg++) and blood gases (pH, pCO2, pO2, HCO3-, TCO2, O2Sat, HCT) were evaluated from blood samples taken from both groups. The second derivation, durations and amplitudes of the P and T waves, the durations and amplitudes of the QRS complex, and the durations of PQ and QT intervals were evaluated on the ECGs recorded before anesthesia, after induction and during anesthesia. Following anesthesia termination, the extubation time and the time it took for straightening of the head and standing up were recorded. Decrease in heart rate and body temperature were found significant in two of the groups. Decrease in respiratory rate compared to initial values after premedication was statistically significant for both groups. However, during anesthesia, an increase occurred. This incresae in respiration rate was not statistically significant compared to initial values. The incease in the values of pCO2, pO2, HCO3 and the decrease in the values of pH and Hct comparing the initial values was found statistically significant in both groups.Discussion: In ruminants, isoflurane has an induction concentration of 3-5% and an anesthetic concentration of 1.5-3%, while sevoflurane has an induction concentration of 4-6% and an anesthetic concentration of 2.5-4%. In this study, the concentration of isoflurane was 2.3% (2-5) and the of sevoflurane was 4.07% (3-5) for surgery. In the isoflurane group, extubation, straightening of the head and standing up times were 12.40 ± 3.77 min, 20.4 ± 1.57 min, and 30.80 ± 1.89 min, respectively. In the sevoflurane group, extubation, straightening of the head and standing up times were 13.40 ± 4.99, 19.2 ± 1.49, and 28.0 ± 1.83 min, respectively. Although the calves in the isoflurane group were extubated earlier than those of the sevoflurane group, the time elapsed for straightening of the head and standing up were longer than that of the sevoflurane group. The anesthesia protocol provided a smooth anesthetic administration, general anesthesia and awakening. In conclusion, the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia on the cardiovascular and respiratory system were similar, and although the changes that emerged during anesthesia were statistically significant, it was nonetheless found that the changes were within the physiological limits

Bilateral cystoid macular edema in a patient treated with capecitabine Kapesitabin ile Tedavi Edilen Bir Hastada Bilateral Kistoid Makula Ödemi

© 2019 Gazi Eye Foundation. All rights reserved.A 76-years old woman presented to our clinic with bilateral painless decrease in vision for 5 to 6 months. Best corrected visual acuity was 20/640 in the right and 20/500 in the left eye. Slit lamp examination was unremarkable except bilateral pseudophakia. Intraocular pressures were within normal limits. Bilateral severe cystoid macular edema was identified in indirect retina examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Patient was prescribed oral capecitabine therapy 10 months ago, which was completed 4 months ago. There was no history of topical or systemic medication other than capecitabine. After treatment with oral acetazolamide and topical steroid and non-steroidal eye drops, best corrected visual acuity was increased to 20/200 in right eye and 20/63 in the left eye. On OCT, it was seen that cystoid macular edema was regressed in the right eye and disappeared in the left eye. This is the first case report about bilateral cystoid macula edema related to capecitabine therapy in the literature

Horizontol dissemination of TEM- and SHV-typr beta-lactamase genes-carrying resistance plasmids amongst clonical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae Disseminação horizontal de plasmídios de resistência contendo genes de beta-lactamase dos tipos TEM e SHV entre isolados clínicos de Enterobacteriaceae

The extended-spectrum &#946;-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria have been isolated at increasing frequency worldwide. Expression of ESBL is often associated with multidrug resistance and dissemination by resistance plasmids. During a two-month period in 2000, 133 clinical isolates of enterobacterial strains were randomly collected from outpatients and inpatients at a university hospital in Turkey. The ESBL producing strains were determined by double-disk synergy (DDS) testing. Twenty ESBL producing strains (15%) including Escherichia coli (n = 9), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 7), Klebsiella oxytoca (n = 2) and Enterobacter aerogenes (n = 2) were detected and further analyzed for their resistance transfer features, plasmid profile and nature of the resistance genes. Plasmid transfer assays were performed using broth mating techniques. TEM- and SHV- genes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and hybridization using specific probes. EcoRI restriction enzyme analyses of R plasmids were used in the detection of epidemic plasmids. Fourteen plasmid profiles (A, B1, B2, C1, and C2 to L) were obtained with EcoRI restriction enzyme analysis. Most of these plasmids were detected to carry both TEM- and SHV-derived genes by PCR, and confirmed by localizing each gene by hybridization assay. Epidemiological evidence indicated that there was an apparent horizontal dissemination of conjugative R plasmids among multidrug-resistant enterobacterial genera and species in this hospital<br>O isolamento de bactérias produtoras de beta-lactamases de espectro expandido (ESBL) está aumentando no mundo todo. Freqüentemente, a expressão de ESBL está associada com resistência a múltiplas drogas e disseminação por plasmídios de resistência. Durante um período de dois meses em 2000, 133 isolados clínicos de cepas de enterobactérias foram obtidos aleatoriamente de pacientes internos e externos de um hospital universitário na Turquia. As cepas produtoras de ESBL foram identificadas pelo teste de sinergia em disco-duplo (DDS). Foram detectadas vinte cepas produtoras de ESBL, entre as quais Escherichia coli (n=9), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=7), Klebsiella oxytoca (n=2) e Enterobacter aerogenes (n=2), que foram posteriormente analisadas quanto a suas características de transferência de resistência, perfil plasmidial e natureza dos genes de resistência. Os testes de transferência de plasmídios foram realizados empregando técnicas de conjugação em caldo. Os genes TEM e SHV foram analisados pela reação da polimerase em cadeia (PCR) e hibridização com sondas especificas. A detecção de plasmídios epidêmicos foi feita por análise dos plasmídios R com a enzima de restrição EcoRI. Através desta análise, foram obtidos catorze perfis plasmidiais (A, B1, B2, C1 e C2 até L).Observou-se pela PCR que a maioria dos plasmidios carregavam genes derivados de TEM e SHV, confirmados através da detecção dos genes pelos testes de hibridização. As evidencias epidemiológicas indicaram que havia uma aparente transferência horizontal dos plasmídios R conjugativos entre as enterobactérias multiresistentes neste hospital

YKL-40 expression in pterygium: a potential role in the pathogenesis

WOS: 000476503500003PubMed ID: 29922975Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate whether YKL-40 (chitinase 3-like 1 protein) plays a role in pterygium pathogenesis. Methods We included 42 primary pterygium patients and 24 control subjects with normal bulbar conjunctiva in the study. The pterygium patients were classified into the atrophic, fleshy, and intermediate groups according to the Tan classification. We then surgically removed the primary nasal pterygium and normal bulbar conjunctiva from the patients and immunohistochemically investigated YKL-40 expression. Results YKL-40 expression was statistically significantly higher in the epithelial, endothelial, and stromal cells of the pterygium tissues than in the control tissues (P=0.009, P=0.003, P=0.002, respectively). There was no significant correlation between the pterygium subgroups and YKL-40 expression (P > 0.05). Conclusions We believe YKL-40 may play a significant role in pterygium pathogenesis.Ahi Evran University Scientific Research Projects Coordination UnitAhi Evran University [TIP.A4.17.002]This work was supported by the Ahi Evran University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit. Project Number: TIP.A4.17.002

Paratesticular Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma; Report of a Case

Background: Paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common pediatric soft-tissue sarcoma, often presenting in the first two decades after birth. Paratesticular embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare tumor arising from the mesenchymal tissues of the spermatic cord, epididymis, testis and testicular tunics. It represents only 7% of all patients entered in the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS) and 17% of all malignant intrascrotal tumors in children less than 15 years old. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 14-year-old boy with a left paratesticular tumor, who undergone inguinal surgery and misdiagnosed as being inguinal hernia. During operation, the surgeon realized that the mass was not an inguinal hernia, it seemed like a testicular tumor. A urologist was consulted. The patient underwent left high inguinal orchiectomy. His serum markers for α-fetoprotein, β-human chorionic gonadotropin and lactate dehydrogenase were normal. In the result of further investigation, the patient was diagnosed as having paratesticular embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma with retroperitoneal lymph node mass. We referred him to the oncology department. The patient was followed up post-operatively with chemotherapy. Vincristine, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (VAC) regimen was used. One year after completion of chemotherapy there was no evidence of the disease. Conclusion: In the patients with testicular and paratesticular mass, ultrasound should be considered the imaging modality of choice for evaluating intra-scrotal pathologies in adolescents

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anti-Quorum Sensing Activities of Some Wild and Cultivated Mushroom Species Collected from Trabzon, Turkey

Gurgen, Aysenur/0000-0002-2263-7323WOS: 000437783100031In this study antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing activities of the methanol extracts of 15 wild mushroom species and culture mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) cultivated on four different substrate mediums were investigated. Anti oxidative activity was measured by four different assays. Antimicrobial potential of extracts was tested using agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 7002, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 43251, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Anti-quorum sensing activity was tested on Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472. Among all mushrooms, Lactarius insulsus had the remarkable results with the highest total phenolic content and antimicrobial effect against C. albicans, P. mirabilis, K. pneumoniae, L. monocytogenes. Three of the cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom and three wild mushroom extract showed inhibition of the violacein production by C. violaceum. These results revealed the importance of mushrooms as an effective alternative for the prevention and the treatment of many infectious diseases.Karadeniz Technical University Scientific Research Projects UnitKaradeniz Teknik University [FHD-2015-5373]This work was supported by Karadeniz Technical University Scientific Research Projects Unit (FHD-2015-5373)

Effect of Monovalent Cation Doping on Structural, Magnetic, and Magnetocaloric Properties of Pr-0.85 A 0.15MnO3 (A = Ag and K) Manganites

WOS: 000401348600015A systematic study on the effect of monovalent cation doping on structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of Pr-0.85 A 0.15MnO3 (A = Ag and K) samples synthesized by a sol-gel method has been carried out. The crystal structure and morphology have been worked by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging measurements. The XRD results indicate that both samples have orthorhombic structure. Magnetization versus temperature measurements show that our samples display a ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic phase transition with increasing temperature. The ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic phase transition temperature (T (C)) values were found as 74 and 116 K for Pr0.85Ag0.15MnO3 and Pr-0.85 K 0.15MnO3, respectively. The magnetic entropy changes were evaluated from isothermal magnetization curves measured at various temperatures near T (C) by steps of 4 K. The values of the magnetic entropy change were determined as 0.99 and 1.39 J kg (-1) K (-1) for Pr0.85Ag0.15MnO3 and Pr-0.85 K 0.15MnO3 under external field changes of 10 kOe, respectively.Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, TurkeyAdiyaman University [FEFBAP/2014-0008]; Cukurova University, Adana, TurkeyCukurova University [FBA-2015-5028, FEF2012D12]This work is supported by the Research Fund of Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey, under grant contract no. FEFBAP/2014-0008 and the Research Fund of Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey, under grant contract nos. FBA-2015-5028 and FEF2012D12

Comparison of Clinical and Hemodynamic Effects of Isoflurane and Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Calves

Background: Inhalation anesthesia is the preferred method for use on many animal species, including ruminants, due to its superiority over the injectable anesthetics. The most commonly used inhalation anesthetics are isoflurane and sevoflurane The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia on the cardiovascular system of calves.Materials, Methods &amp; Results: A total of 20 calves (11 male, 9 female) between 1 and 6 months in age and 50 to 85 kg in body weight were used. The calves were divided randomly into two groups of 10 each, with one group being administered isoflurane and the other sevoflurane. An intramuscular dosage of 0.1 mg/kg of xylazine was administered to the calves as premedication. Induction was performed 10 min after calves were given an intramuscular dosage of 4 mg/kg of ketamine. Inhalation anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane or sevoflurane in 100% oxygen saturation. Before anesthesia, after induction and at intervals of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, and 60 min of anesthesia, the body temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate of the calves were recorded. Additionally, before anesthesia, after induction and at intervals of 15, 30, 45, and 60 min of anesthesia, serum electrolyte (Na+, Ca++, K+, Mg++) and blood gases (pH, pCO2, pO2, HCO3-, TCO2, O2Sat, HCT) were evaluated from blood samples taken from both groups. The second derivation, durations and amplitudes of the P and T waves, the durations and amplitudes of the QRS complex, and the durations of PQ and QT intervals were evaluated on the ECGs recorded before anesthesia, after induction and during anesthesia. Following anesthesia termination, the extubation time and the time it took for straightening of the head and standing up were recorded. Decrease in heart rate and body temperature were found significant in two of the groups. Decrease in respiratory rate compared to initial values after premedication was statistically significant for both groups. However, during anesthesia, an increase occurred. This incresae in respiration rate was not statistically significant compared to initial values. The incease in the values of pCO2, pO2, HCO3 and the decrease in the values of pH and Hct comparing the initial values was found statistically significant in both groups.Discussion: In ruminants, isoflurane has an induction concentration of 3-5% and an anesthetic concentration of 1.5-3%, while sevoflurane has an induction concentration of 4-6% and an anesthetic concentration of 2.5-4%. In this study, the concentration of isoflurane was 2.3% (2-5) and the of sevoflurane was 4.07% (3-5) for surgery. In the isoflurane group, extubation, straightening of the head and standing up times were 12.40 ± 3.77 min, 20.4 ± 1.57 min, and 30.80 ± 1.89 min, respectively. In the sevoflurane group, extubation, straightening of the head and standing up times were 13.40 ± 4.99, 19.2 ± 1.49, and 28.0 ± 1.83 min, respectively. Although the calves in the isoflurane group were extubated earlier than those of the sevoflurane group, the time elapsed for straightening of the head and standing up were longer than that of the sevoflurane group. The anesthesia protocol provided a smooth anesthetic administration, general anesthesia and awakening. In conclusion, the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia on the cardiovascular and respiratory system were similar, and although the changes that emerged during anesthesia were statistically significant, it was nonetheless found that the changes were within the physiological limits

Some Bioactive Properties of Acacia Dealbata Extracts and Their Potential Utilization in Wood Protection

Gurgen, Aysenur/0000-0002-2263-7323;WOS: 000454435100006A study was made of the potential use of Acacia dealbata wood extracts as bio-protective agents. Initially, extracts were obtained from Acacia dealbata sapwood, heartwood and bark, and their antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing activities were determined. Next, the decay resistance of Scots pine wood samples impregnated with these extracts was examined against the brown rot fungus, Coniophora puteana. The impregnation procedure was performed according to the ASTM D (1413) standard test method at two different concentrations, 3% and 5% by weight, using hot water and methanol as extraction solvents. The strongest antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing activities were those of the bark extract. Hot water extraction led to lower performance than methanol extraction. According to EN 113 testing methods, the highest level of preservative effect against wood-decaying fungi was observed in the case of 5% methanol extract from the bark.Karadeniz Technical University Scientific Research Projects UnitKaradeniz Teknik University [FHD-2017-6018]This work was supported by Karadeniz Technical University Scientific Research Projects Unit [FHD-2017-6018]

Effect of B site partial Ru substitution on structural magnetic and magnetocaloric properties in La0.7Pb0.3Mn1-xRuxO3 (x=0.0, 0.1 and 0.2) perovskite system

WOS: 000496810900067The La0.7Pb0.3Mn1-xRuxO3 (x = 0.0, 0.1 and 0.2) perovskite manganite compounds have been fabricated by solid-state reaction method to investigate structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties. All samples are indexed in the Rhombohedral structure with R (3) over tildec space group by using the Rietveld refinement method. The Curie temperature decreases from 336 K to 313 K when Ru (x = 0.1) is added to the structure and it becomes 335 K for x = 0.2. Maximum magnetic entropy change and relative cooling power values were calculated as 3.17, 3.15, 3.06 J kg(-1) K-1 for 5 T magnetic field change and 214.40, 160.20, 128.38 J kg(-1) under 4 T magnetic field change for x = 0.0, 0.1 and 0.2 in La0.7Pb0.3Mn1-xRuxO3, respectively. From the H/M vs M-2 plots obtained from isothermal magnetization curves, it is found that all samples exhibit a second-order magnetic phase transition, which shows reversible magnetocaloric effect. Under the light of all observed results, La0.7Pb0.3Mn1-xRuxO3 (x = 0.0, 0.1 and 0.2) perovskite manganite compounds can be considered as candidate materials above room temperature range magnetic cooling systems. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Research Fund of Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey [TFYL/2017-0001]This work is supported by the Research Fund of Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey (Under grant contracts no. TFYL/2017-0001)