The Effects of Salt Stress on Certain Physiological Parameters in Summer Savory (Satureja hortensis L.) Plants

Savory plants were treated with different concentrations of NaCl. Plants were grown under controlled environment and harvested after 42 days for measurements of biochemical and physiological parameters. The essential oil of dryed aerial parts of treated plants were isolated and analyzed with GC/MS. The main essential oil compounds were determined as carvacrol (55.37%) and g-terpinene (32.92%) in control plants. In NaCl treated plants, with increasing NaCl, carvacrol content increased and g-terpinene decreased. In all the plants treated with NaCl, growth parameters, pigments contents and photosynthetic rate were decreased, while, proline and soluble sugars contents increased.Our results indicated that with increasing salinity, carvacrol amount increased which can be considered for medical usages

PERLUASAN PANGSA PASAR PRODUK IKAN ASAP MELALUI DISAIN KEMASAN USAHA MIKRO IKAN ASAP KOTA SEMARANG

Potensi olahan mangut ikan manyung sebagai daya tarik Kota Samarang akan ditingkatkan menjadi Sentra pengolahan ikan asap dan menjadi salah satu destinasi wisata kota Semarang. Produksi baik secara kuantitas maupun kualitas hasil ikan asap khususnya ikan asap mangut yang sangat besar. Akan tetapi terkendala teknologi pengelolaan hasil produksi dan pengamasan produk akhir yang masih sederhana atau konvensional. Ikan asap yang sudah matang dan siap dijual hanya dibungkus plastik biasa, mengakibatkan ikan asap yang dikemas masih banyak mengandung uap air dan ketahanan produk hanya bertahan kurang lebih 3-5 hari. Kemasan bagi para pengrajin kurang mendapat perhatian penuh karena produk-produk ikan asap yang mereka hasilkan sudah ada pembeli yang menampungnya. Semua produk ikan asap yang dihasilkan pada hari itu semua sudah ada yang membeli. Hal ini yang menyebabkan mitra kurang memperhatikan fungsi dan tujuan kemasan. Para pengarajin kurang meperhatikan cara mengkemas produk olahannya karena mereka beranggapan bahwa setiap hari produksi ikan asap langsung dikirim ke pembeli.Kemasan merupakan salah satu solusi untuk menarik perhatian konsumen karena berhadapan langsung dengan konsumen.  Pengemasan juga merupakan proses yang penting pada teknologi pangan. Kemasan utama produk pangan bertujuan untuk mencegah atau mengurangi kerusakan, melindungi produk dari bahaya pencemaran, dan meningkatkan nilai ekonomi produk

PENGARUH HARMONISA PADA TRANSFRMATOR DAYA

Transformator daya adalah bagian integral dari hampir semua jaringan penyaluran daya listrik mulai dari pembangkitan sampai ke pengguna energi listrik (jaringan transmisi dan distribusi). Pelayanan yang baik merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam suplai daya listrik. Ada sejumlah faktor yang menggganggu operasi sebuah transformator, diantaranya adalah keberadaan harmonisa listrik dalam sistem tenaga listrik. Perkembangan penggunaan beban-beban listrik non linear yang sejalan dengan perkembangan pengunaan komponen dan peralatan berbasiskan pada konverter daya. Tulisan ini memberikan kajian pengaruh harmonisa terhadap unjuk kerja dari sebuah transformator dengan adanya harmonisa yang dikhususkan atas adanya DC bias.Analisis dilakukan lewat Simulasi menggunakan software MATLAB dan verifikasi dilakukan lewat data eksperimental. Hasil menujukkan keluaran simulasi bersesuain dengan data pengujian langsung. DC bias mengakibatkan pola harmonisa orde genap juga menjadi lebih signifikan

Study on isolation improvement between closely packed patch antenna arrays based on fractal metamaterial electromagnetic bandgap structures

A decoupling metamaterial (MTM) configuration based on fractal electromagnetic bandgap (EMBG) structure is shown to significantly enhance isolation between transmitting and receiving antenna elements in a closely packed patch antenna array. The MTM-EMBG structure is cross-shaped assembly with fractal slots etched in each arm of the cross. The fractals are composed of four interconnected ‘Y-shaped’ slots that are separated with an inverted ‘T-shaped’ slot. MTM-EMBG structure is placed between the individual patch antennas in a 2×2 antenna array. Measured results show the average inter-element isolation improvement in the complete band of interest is 17 dB, 37 dB and 17 dB between radiation elements #1 & #2, #1 & #3, and #1 & #4, respectively. With the proposed method there is no need for metallic via-holes. The proposed array covers the frequency range of 8- 9.25 GHz for X-band applications, which corresponds to a fractional bandwidth of 14.5%. With the proposed method the edge-to-edge gap between the antenna can be reduced to 0.5λ0 with no degradation in the antenna’s radiation patterns. The gain of the antenna array varies between 4 dBi and 7 dBi. The proposed method is applicable for implementation of closely packed patch antenna arrays, e.g. multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems, and synthetic aperture radars (SAR)

Selenium and nano-selenium ameliorations in two breeds of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of synthesized nano-selenium (NS) and commercial inorganic selenium (Se) on immunity, behaviour, and performance of Arbor (AB) and Ross (RB) broilers that were exposed to heat stress of 40 °C for 6 - 8 hours daily over 38 days. Two hundred and ten one-day-old broilers of two breeds were supplemented with 0.5 mL/L of NS or Se in their drinking water. Two hundred sera, 200 intestinal swabs, and 1000 internal organ and tissue samples were collected. Weight gain, performance index, behavioral indices, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, serum total protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and serum creatinine concentrations increased (P <0.01) in RB compared with AB when supplemented with NS. Meanwhile, NS supplementation decreased (P <0.01) water intake and the logarithmic bacterial counts of the intestine and breast in RB and AB, respectively. Histopathology revealed mild leukocytic infiltration and mild vacuolar degeneration in hepatocytes, and focal leukocytic infiltration, mild congestion, and cytoplasmic vacuolation in the myocardium of RB. Photomicrographs showed a mild lymphoid depletion in the spleen, while histopathology of the bursa of Fabricius revealed a normal follicular epithelium and normal lymphoid follicles with mild inter-follicular fibrosis in RB that were supplied with NS as opposed to AB, which expressed more severe pathological affections from heat stress. Thus, NS was more effective than Se in allowing broilers to respond to heat stress.Keywords: behaviour, immunity, growth traits, tissue architectur

The Combination of Biofertilizer and Organic Fertilizer to Improve Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) Production

Shallot is one of important horticultural crops in Indonesia; shallot consumption per capita is estimated to be 4.6 kg per year. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of combining biofertilizer and organic fertilizer on the production of shallot in Sukabanjar village, Pesawaran, Lampung, Indonesia. The study was set up using a randomized completely block design with two factors, biofertilizers and various organic fertilizers, i.e. cow manure, chicken manure, rice straw compost, oyster mushroom baglog.  Our study demonstrated that combining biofertilizer and organic fertilizer significantly increased the number, diameter, and fresh and dry weight of tubers of “Bima Brebes” shallot. Shallots treated with biofertilizer combined with oyster mushroom baglog produced the highest tuber yield of 1788 g compared to 282 g in the control

Gene action studies in early maturing maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines

The present investigation was aimed to investigate the gene action in early maturing maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines. The experimental material comprised of 30 crosses generated by crossing six maize inbred lines in a diallel mating design during Kharif 2013. These 30 crosses along with standard checks viz., SMH-2 and VMH-45 were evaluated in randomized block design in three replications during Kharif 2014 and Kharif 2015. Significant variation was observed for all studied traits during both the seasons. Both additive (D) and dominance (H1 and H2) components of genetic variance were found significant under the study. Preponderance of non-additive gene action was observed for all traits under study. Average degree of dominance was in over dominance range for all characters. The gene distribution was asymmetrical for all traits. The value of KD / KR indicated presence of excess of dominant genes for all traits except 100-grain weight and ear girth. Heritability of most of the traits was low to medium

Calibration Model for Detection of Potential Demodulating Behaviour in Biological Media Exposed to RF Energy

YesPotential demodulating ability in biological tissue exposed to Radio Frequency (RF) signals intrinsically requires an unsymmetrical diode-like nonlinear response in tissue samples. This may be investigated by observing possible generation of the second harmonic in a cavity resonator designed to have fundamental and second harmonic resonant frequencies with collocated antinodes. Such a response would be of interest as being a mechanism that could enable demodulation of information-carrying waveforms having modulating frequencies in ranges that could interfere with cellular processes. Previous work has developed an experimental system to test for such responses: the present work reports an electric circuit model devised to facilitate calibration of any putative nonlinear RF energy conversion occurring within a nonlinear test-piece inside the cavity. The method is validated computationally and experimentally using a well-characterised nonlinear device. The variations of the reflection coefficients of the fundamental and second harmonic responses of the cavity due to adding nonlinear and lossy material are also discussed. The proposed model demonstrates that the sensitivity of the measurement equipment plays a vital role in deciding the required input power to detect any second harmonic signal, which is expected to be very weak. The model developed here enables the establishment of a lookup table giving the level of the second harmonic signal in the detector as a function of the specific input power applied in a measurement. Experimental results are in good agreement with the simulated results.Engineering and Physical Science Research Council through Grant EP/E022936

Lesser Noddy Anous tenuirostris migration from a non-breeding area in the northern Maldives to a breeding site in the Seychelles

The Lesser Noddy Anous tenuirostris occurs in large numbers in the northern Maldives during the northeast monsoon season (December to April). These birds do not breed in the Maldives, but their breeding site(s) are unknown. We attached GPS Argos satellite transmitters to seven Lesser Noddies roosting on Gallandhoo Island (Haa Alifu Atoll, northern Maldives) on 25 March 2022. Only one transmitter provided data, but it tracked the migration of one Lesser Noddy to the Seychelles, where the bird first roosted on the island of Poivre before moving to the large nesting colony on Cousine. The tracked bird departed the Maldives on 02 April and arrived in the Seychelles on 10 April, covering approximately 2400 km in eight days. Our results highlight the potential benefit of enhanced cooperation and knowledge exchange between the Seychelles and Maldives for improving conservation of Lesser Noddies in the Indian Ocean