Unequality social structures, environment and hujman development. Drugs and development: The case of cannabis in Morocco.

En el mundo contemporáneo, el desarrollo humano aparece como un concepto clave para incrementar la seguridad humana, y que actúa sobre la vulnerabilidad social, económica, política y medioambiental de las naciones del mundo. Las iniciativas en este sentido han de tener como consecuencia un descenso de la desigualdad social y un desarrollo sostenible. No obstante, en ocasiones se producen situaciones cuando menos parcialmente paradójicas, como es la relación entre droga y desarrollo que analizamos en el Norte de Marruecos, y que se presenta en este trabajo. En concreto, nos centramos en los factores sociales, culturales, de salud y medioambientales que intervienen en el auge del cultivo del Cannabis en el Norte de marruecos y los problemas para llevar a cabo un desarrollo local sostenible. El despegue económico que ha experimentado esta zona al amparo de la extensión de este cultivo ha tenido como consecuencia inmediata un incremento sustancial en el nivel de vida de la población local.In the current world, human development seems to be a key concept in the increase of human security with a heavy impact on the social, economic, political and environmental vulnerability of nations all over the world. Initiatives in this direction must have decrease of social inequality and sustainable development as implied consequences. Nevertheless, partially paradoxical situations take place sometimes, such as the relationship between drugs and development in Northern Morocco that we analyse in this paper. More specifically, we focus on the social, cultural environmental and health factors that have an influence on the heyday of the growing of Cannabis in the North of Morocco, as well as on the problems arising from carrying out a sustainable development at the local level. The economic takeoff that this area has undertaken as a consequence of the expansion of this crop, is the cause of an immediate and substantial increase in the standard of living of the local populatio

Regional flow and vertical heat transport in groundwater. Numerical solution for the study of temperature profiles

In this work, temperature patterns and profiles have been obtained in large 2-D groundwater scenarios, with constant and horizontal regional flow and thermal conditions that reproduce approximately real cases, such as the daily or seasonal variation of the soil surface temperature. For this purpose, a numerical model based on the network simulation method has been designed and applied to real scenarios to determine the correlation between derived temperature profiles and groundwater flow. The results of this first work allow to see more closely the possibility of addressing a much more complex problem, such as the determination of the regional velocity field from temperature profiles read from in situ wells.We would like to thank the Séneca Foundation for the scholarship awarded to José Antonio Jiménez Valera, which will allow us to continue this investigatio

Practical Use of Robot Manipulators as Intelligent Manufacturing Systems

This paper presents features and advanced settings for a robot manipulator controller in a fully interconnected intelligent manufacturing system. Every system is made up of different agents. As also occurs in the Internet of Things and smart cities, the big issue here is to ensure not only that implementation is key, but also that there is better common understanding among the main players. The commitment of all agents is still required to translate that understanding into practice in Industry 4.0. Mutual interactions such as machine-to-machine and man-to-machine are solved in real time with cyber physical capabilities. This paper explores intelligent manufacturing through the context of industrial robot manipulators within a Smart Factory. An online communication algorithm with proven intelligent manufacturing abilities is proposed to solve real-time interactions. The algorithm is developed to manage and control all robot parameters in real-time. The proposed tool in conjunction with the intelligent manufacturing core incorporates data from the robot manipulators into the industrial big data to manage the factory. The novelty is a communication tool that implements the Industry 4.0 standards to allow communications among the required entities in the complete system. It is achieved by the developed tool and implemented in a real robot and simulation.This research was partially funded by the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness in the project with reference RTC-2014-3070-5. In addition, the work has been partially funded by the project Strategic Action in Robotics, Computer Vision and Automation financed by University Carlos III of Madrid

Long-term artificial seawater irrigation as a sustainable environmental management strategy for abandoned solar salt works: The case study of Agua Amarga salt marsh (SE Spain)

Groundwater abstraction is among the main anthropogenic causes of wetland desiccation worldwide, and corrective measures must be taken to avoid degradation of this valuable ecosystems. A case study is the Agua Amarga salt marsh (≈180 ha) (SE Spain). Agua Amarga includes a solar saltwork pond network in operation between 1925 and 1975, when it was abandoned, and the ponds were colonized by salt marsh vegetation. In 2008 two desalination plants were operating in the marsh vicinity, which were supplied with groundwater. To mitigate the possible negative impact on the salt marsh ecosystem due to groundwater drawdown, in 2009 a sea water irrigation program was implemented. This paper summarizes the results of a ten-year monitoring program (2010–2020) to evaluate the effects of the irrigation program on groundwater levels and quality, soil salinity and moisture, and vegetation cover. During this period, average groundwater level was 2.5 m below the surface and around 1 m deep near the irrigated ponds. Groundwater salinity was not affected outside the saltmarsh, but inside, where the saltworks caused values to rise above 300 mS/cm, it decreased more than 150 mS/cm in some 20 m deep piezometers. Between 2012 and 2020, vegetation cover increased between ≈10 and ≈25 %, with halophyte species such as Arthrocnemum macrostachyum and Sarcocornia fruticosa being the most favoured. In areas with prolonged flooding, Ruppia maritima, a plant species that lives submerged in saline water, was found. In the irrigated areas, soil electrical conductivity (1:5 soil:water extracts) decreased from ≈7-14 mS cm-1 to ≈2-6 mS cm-1. We present an example of sustainable actions in a coastal wetland, where the exploitation of water resources in semiarid areas is combined with promoting natural habitats.Financial support for this research was provided by Mancomunidad de los Canales del Taibilla (http://www.mct.es). M.N. González-Alcaraz holds a Ramón y Cajal research contract from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RYC2020-029322-I). We much appreciate the help of M. Carmen Tercero, Héctor M. Conesa and B. Aránega, from Technical University of Cartagena, and Francisco J. Jiménez-Cárceles, from Biocyma environmental consulting, during field and laboratory work. We thank to the technicians of the SAIT-UPCT for their laboratory and analytical assessments. Finally, we want to give special recognition to Doctor Tomás Rodríguez Estrella for his contributions in the field of hydrogeology

Contenidor Groc. El negoci

Treball Final de Grau en Periodisme. Codi: PE0932. Curs acadèmic: 2019/202

Resolution of Geotechnical Engineering problems with Plaxis 2D

The book consists of seven exercises, each of them easy to identify and relate to the different thematic units that students study throughout their training in soil engineering: safety factors in cuttings and embankments, soil consolidation, seepage flow under retaining structures, shallow foundations, diaphragm walls, and deep foundations. The book is designed to gradually learn the use of the software PLAXIS 2D, so a user with no previous experience with the software should follow the order in which the exercises appear in the text. This book and its contents are only for educational purposes. Its elaboration has been authorized by the PLAXIS brand, owned by the company Bentley Systems

Meta-omic evaluation of bacterial microbial community structure and activity for the environmental assessment of soils: Overcoming protein extraction pitfalls

Microorganisms play unique, essential and integral roles in the biosphere. This work aims to assess the utility of soil´s metaomics for environmental diagnosis. Doñana National Park (DNP) was selected as a natural lab, since it contains a strictly protected core that is surrounded by numerous threats of pollution. Culture-independent high-throughput molecular tools were used to evaluate the alterations of the global structure and metabolic activities of the microbiome. 16S rRNA sequencing shows lower bacterial abundance and diversity in areas historically exposed to contamination that surround DNP. For metaproteomics, an innovative post-alkaline protein extraction protocol was developed. After NaOH treatment, successive washing with Tris-HCl buffer supplemented with glycerol was essential to eliminate interferences. Starting from soils with different physico-chemical characteristics, the method renders proteins with a remarkable resolution on SDS-PAGE gels. The proteins extracted were analyzed by using an in-house database constructed from the rRNA data. LC-MS/MS analysis identified 2,182 non-redundant proteins, with 135 showing significant differences in relative abundance in the soils around DNP. Relevant global biological processes were altered in response to the environmental changes, such as: protective and antioxidant mechanisms, translation, folding and homeostasis of proteins, membrane transport and aerobic respiratory metabolism

Omic approaches in environmental risk assessment

Resumen de la comunicación presentada al XX Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Mutagénesis Ambiental – Córdoba 201

El conocimiento en acceso abierto en los planes de acción tutorial de las universidades españolas

El Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior revitaliza la competencia tutorial como uno de los ejes nucleares sobre los que debe sustentarse la actividad docente. Para satisfacer y cumplir los derechos y los deberes de alumnos y profesores, en materia de acción tutorial, el sistema educativo español planifica las actividades de orientación y asesoramiento al estudiante en los Planes de Acción Tutorial (PAT). En este trabajo nos proponemos, como objetivo general, elaborar una guía de los recursos educativos de acción tutorial que las universidades españolas difunden en acceso abierto y/o en sus páginas web institucionales, para facilitar la orientación del alumnado y el trabajo del tutor. La realización de este estudio podría constituir la piedra angular de la creación de futuras redes de colaboración docente interuniversitarias en acción tutorial que potencien la apertura del profesorado hacia otros entornos educativos