Ranking contrasting genotypes of forage peanut based on nutritive value and fermentation kinetics

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional divergence of perennial peanut genotypes through chemical characteristics as well as in vitro fermentation and degradation kinetics. The experiment was conducted at The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Cerrados). The treatments consisted of 10 accessions of Arachis spp., 6 accessions of A. pintoi (Ap 8, Ap 19, Ap 20, Ap 24, Ap 31, Ap 65) and the cultivar Belmonte, 2 accessions of Arachis repens (Ar 5, Ar 26) and an interspecific hybrid (Ap×Ar) 9. The experimental design was a completely randomised block with four replications. Forage evaluations were made at a stubble height of 5cm from the soil surface with fixed cutting intervals of 42 days during the rainy season. Nutritional divergence was assessed using canonical variate analysis and hierarchical agglomerative clustering including the variables crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, lignin(sa), potential DM degradation at 48h, the insoluble but potentially degradable DM fraction and the degradation rate of the insoluble but potentially degradable DM fraction. Variables with higher contribution to discrimination of accessions were: rate of degradation, crude protein and potential DM degradation at 48h. Four distinct nutritional groups were identified: Group I (Ap 8, Ap 19, Ap 31, cv. Belmonte), Group II (Ap 20, Ap 24, Ap 65), Group III (Ar 5. Ar 26) and Ggroup IV (Ap×Ar 9). The nutritional divergence of the Arachis evaluated show great variability relative to the parameters analysed, which may impact genetic improvement programs which focus on chemical composition and in vitro fermentation characteristics. Group IV (hybrid Ap×Ar 9) had the highest nutritional quality as ruminant feeds

Characterization of PVDF/HAP composites for medical applications

Biomaterials (composites and blends) play a major role in the health of modern society. This paper reports on the preparation and characterization of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) composites, analyzing the incorporation of HAP in PVDF and investigating their mechanical properties and cytotoxicity (biocompatibility) for use in bone restoration and filling. The material was prepared in film form by the casting method. PVDF pellets were dissolved in dimethylacetamide (DMA), a HAP/DMA emulsion was prepared. The materials were mixed in proportions of 100/00, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, 30/70 in weight and left to dry in an oven, resulting in homogeneous, flexible films which were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X ray diffractometry (XRD), contact angle measurement, and by mechanical and cytotoxicity tests.247251Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

The intranuclear mobility of messenger RNA binding proteins is ATP dependent and temperature sensitive

fAter being released from transcription sites, messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs) must reach the nuclear pore complexes in order to be translocated to the cytoplasm. Whether the intranuclear movement of mRNPs results largely from Brownian motion or involves molecular motors remains unknown. Here we have used quantitative photobleaching techniques to monitor the intranuclear mobility of protein components of mRNPs tagged with GFP. The results show that the diffusion coefficients of the poly(A)-binding protein II (PABP2) and the export factor TAP are significantly reduced when these proteins are bound to mRNP complexes, as compared with nonbound proteins. The data further show that the mobility of wild-type PABP2 and TAP, but not of a point mutant variant of PABP2 that fails to bind to RNA, is significantly reduced when cells are ATP depleted or incubated at 22°C. Energy depletion has only minor effects on the intranuclear mobility of a 2,000-kD dextran (which corresponds approximately in size to 40S mRNP particles), suggesting that the reduced mobility of PABP2 and TAP is not caused by a general alteration of the nuclear environment. Taken together, the data suggest that the mobility of mRNPs in the living cell nucleus involves a combination of passive diffusion and ATP-dependent processes

O uso do solo e a qualidade da água do sistema pacoti-riachão e gavião, na bacia metropolitana de fortaleza, ceará / Soil use and water quality in the pacoti-riachão and gavião system in the metropolitan basin of fortaleza, ceará

A disponibilidade de água de uma região, seja em qualidade ou quantidade podem ser resultantes de condições naturais e antrópicas na bacia hidrográfica. Nesse contexto o presente trabalho tem como objetivo associar os usos do solo e a qualidade das águas no sistema Pacoti-Riachão e Gavião, na Bacia Metropolitana no Estado do Ceará. Para isso, foram analisados 20 anos de dados pluviométricos e fluviométricos, disponibilizados pela COGERH e FUNCEME, no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2019 e correlacionados aos usos do solo no entorno dos reservatórios. Para caracterizar a qualidade da água nesse estudo, optou-se por utilizar o Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA-CETESB). Os resultados mostram que os açudes apresentam variações no estado trófico, tendo como principal fonte poluidora difusa a atividade agrícola. Além disso, a seca de 2011 a 2017 é um grande fator a ser levado em consideração, pois a vazão hídrica foi reduzida nesse período, porém esses corpos continuam recebendo poluentes e passam a ter uma diluição menor, ou nenhuma diluição, da carga orgânica resultante destes lançamentos. A partir das análises realizadas, chegou-se à conclusão de que as concentrações dos parâmetros investigados no período de estudo estão cada vez mais elevadas, e consequentemente, degradando a qualidade da água do açude

PERFORMANCE OF SOCCER PLAYERS OF DIFFERENT PLAYING POSITIONS AND NACIONALITIES IN A 30-METER SPRINT TEST

The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of soccer players of different playing positions and different nationalities on a 30-meter sprint test. The players were instructed to run at full speed. Tests were performed on a Soccer field. The mean speed for 10 (V10), 10-30 (V20) and 30m (V30) were determined. The results of 75 Brazilian players of different positions were compared between themselves and 21 first division professional Brazilian players were compared with 18 J-League Japanese players. No difference was found between the performances of Brazilian players of different positions. The performance of Brazilian players in V20 and V30 (8.69 ± 0.64 and 7.68 ± 0.28m•s-1) was better than that of Japanese players (8.11 ± 0.26 and 7.42 ± 0.22m•s-1;

A Abordagem Sócio-Construcionista e a Produção de Sentidos sobre o Desemprego: um estudo no setor industrial da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (RM-BH)

O emprego, como categoria de trabalho formal, ocupa grande parte dos trabalhadores no Brasil; por isso, o desemprego é uma questão social central e atual para a discussão no cenário brasileiro. Portanto, defende-se que o fenômeno do desemprego pode ser investigado por meio de um processo de produção de sentidos, tendo por base os sujeitos sociais. Para tanto, adotaram-se as abordagens do Construcionismo Social e a análise das práticas discursivas como possibilidade teórico-metodológica para o estudo. Desenvolveu-se a argumentação com o aporte de uma pesquisa empírica, realizada na Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, com o objetivo de compreender o processo de produção de sentidos acerca do fenômeno do desemprego, considerando as práticas discursivas de sujeitos envolvidos com esse fenômeno. Foram identificados quatro repertórios discursivos: condição de empregado(a); mudanças nas configurações do emprego no setor industrial; condição de não-empregado (a); e, condição de trabalhador(a). Desse modo, este estudo contribui para o avanço do debate teórico-metodológico acerca dos estudos sobre a realidade do trabalho/desemprego

Evaluation of cytotoxic effect of the combination of a pyridinyl carboxamide derivative and oxaliplatin on NCI-H1299 human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells.

Even with all improvements in both diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, lung cancer remains as the most lethal and prevalent cancer in the world. Therefore, new therapeutic drugs and new strategies of drug combination are necessary to provide treatments that are more efficient. Currently, standard therapy regimen for lung cancer includes platinum drugs, such as cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and carboplatin. Besides of the better toxicity profile of oxaliplatin when compared with cisplatin, peripheral neuropathy remains as a limitation of oxaliplatin dose. This study presents LabMol-12, a new pyridinyl carboxamide derivative with antileishmanial and antichagasic activity, as a new hit for lung cancer treatment, which induces apoptosis dependent of caspases in NCI-H1299 lung cancer cells both in monolayer and 3D culture. Moreover, LabMol-12 allows a reduction of oxaliplatin dose when they are combined, thereby, it is a relevant strategy for reducing the side effects of oxaliplatin with the same response. Molecular modeling studies corroborated the biological findings and suggested that the combined therapy can provide a better therapeutically profile effects against NSCLC. All these findings support the fact that the combination of oxaliplatin and LabMol-12 is a promising drug combination for lung cancer

LL-37 boosts immunosuppressive function of placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells

Background: Although promising for graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) treatment, MSC therapy still faces important challenges. For instance, increasing MSC migratory capacity as well as potentializing immune response suppression are of interest. For GvHD management, preventing opportunistic infections is also a valuable strategy, since immunocompromised patients are easy targets for infections. LL-37 is a host defense peptide (HDP) that has been deeply investigated due to its immunomodulatory function. In this scenario, the combination of MSC and LL-37 may result in a robust combination to be clinically used. Methods: In the present study, the effects of LL-37 upon the proliferation and migratory capacity of human placenta-derived MSCs (pMSCs) were assessed by MTT and wound scratch assays. The influence of LL-37 over the immunosuppressive function of pMSCs was then investigated using CFSE cell division kit. Flow cytometry and real-time PCR were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the effects observed. Results: LL-37 had no detrimental effects over MSC proliferation and viability, as assessed by MTT assay. Moreover, the peptide promoted increased migratory behavior of pMSCs and enhanced their immunomodulatory function over activated human PBMCs. Strikingly, our data shows that LL-37 treatment leads to increased TLR3 levels, as shown by flow cytometry, and to an increased expression of factors classically related to immunosuppression, namely IDO, IL-10, TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-1β. Conclusions: Taken together, our observations may serve as groundwork for the development of new therapeutic strategies based on the combined use of LL-37 and MSCs, which may provide patients not only with an enhanced immunosuppression regime, but also with an agent to prevent opportunistic infections

Feedlot diets containing different starch levels and additives change the cecal proteome involved in cattle’s energy metabolism and inflammatory response

Diets for feedlot cattle must be a higher energy density, entailing high fermentable carbohydrate content. Feed additives are needed to reduce possible metabolic disorders. This study aimed to analyze the post-rumen effects of different levels of starch (25%, 35%, and 45%) and additives (monensin or a blend of essential oils and exogenous α-amylase) in diets for Nellore feedlot cattle. The cecum tissue proteome was analyzed via two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and then differentially expressed protein spots were identified with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The use of blends of essential oils associated with α-amylase as a feed additive promoted the upregulation of enzymes such as triosephosphate isomerase, phosphoglycerate mutase, alpha-enolase, beta-enolase, fructosebisphosphate aldolase, pyruvate kinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), l-lactate dehydrogenase B, l-lactate dehydrogenase A chain, l-lactate dehydrogenase, and ATP synthase subunit beta, which promote the degradation of carbohydrates in the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathways and oxidative phosphorylation, support pyruvate metabolism through the synthesis of lactate from pyruvate, and participate in the electron transport chain, producing ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The absence of proteins related to inflammation processes (leukocyte elastase inhibitors) in the cecum tissues of animals fed essential oils and amylase may be because feed enzymes can remain active in the intestine and aid in the digestion of nutrients that escape rumen fermentation; conversely, the effect of monensin is more evident in the rumen and less than 10% results in post-ruminal action, corroborating the hypothesis that ionophore antibiotics have a limited effect on the microbiota and intestinal fermentation of ruminants. However, the increase in starch in these diets promoted a downregulation of enzymes linked to carbohydrate degradation, probably caused by damage to the cecum epithelium due to increased responses linked to inflammatory injuries

Consumo de Energia Elétrica e Jitter em redes IEEE 802.11 / Power Consumption and Jitter in IEEE 802.11 Networks

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a relação entre o consumo de energia elétrica e o jitter em redes de comunicação. Foram realizados estudos sobre as redes de comunicação, QoS, potência ativa, e foi implementada uma bancada de testes para a aferição dessa relação. Todos os ensaios foram realizados nos laboratórios da PUC-Campinas. Como conclusão, foi observado que não existe relação entre o aumento do consumo de energia elétrica e o aumento de valores de jitter