2,242 research outputs found
Propagation of Gaussian beams in the presence of gain and loss
We consider the propagation of Gaussian beams in a waveguide with gain and
loss in the paraxial approximation governed by the Schr\"odinger equation. We
derive equations of motion for the beam in the semiclassical limit that are
valid when the waveguide profile is locally well approximated by quadratic
functions. For Hermitian systems, without any loss or gain, these dynamics are
given by Hamilton's equations for the center of the beam and its conjugate
momentum. Adding gain and/or loss to the waveguide introduces a non-Hermitian
component, causing the width of the Gaussian beam to play an important role in
its propagation. Here we show how the width affects the motion of the beam and
how this may be used to filter Gaussian beams located at the same initial
position based on their width
Unexpected local minima in the width complexes for knots
In "Width complexes for knots and 3-manifolds," Jennifer Schultens defines
the width complex for a knot in order to understand the different positions a
knot can occupy in the 3-sphere and the isotopies between these positions. She
poses several questions about these width complexes; in particular, she asks
whether the width complex for a knot can have local minima that are not global
minima. In this paper, we find an embedding of the unknot that is a local
minimum but not a global minimum in its width complex. We use this embedding to
exhibit for any knot K infinitely many distinct local minima that are not
global minima of the width complex for K.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Unusual localisation effects in quantum percolation
We present a detailed study of the quantum site percolation problem on simple
cubic lattices, thereby focussing on the statistics of the local density of
states and the spatial structure of the single particle wavefunctions. Using
the Kernel Polynomial Method we refine previous studies of the metal-insulator
transition and demonstrate the non-monotonic energy dependence of the quantum
percolation threshold. Remarkably, the data indicates a ``fragmentation'' of
the spectrum into extended and localised states. In addition, the observation
of a chequerboard-like structure of the wavefunctions at the band centre can be
interpreted as anomalous localisation.Comment: 5 pages, 7 figure
Classical and quantum dynamics in the (non-Hermitian) Swanson oscillator
The non-Hermitian quadratic oscillator studied by Swanson is one of the
popular -symmetric model systems. Here a full classical description of its
dynamics is derived using recently developed metriplectic flow equations, which
combine the classical symplectic flow for Hermitian systems with a dissipative
metric flow for the anti-Hermitian part. Closed form expressions for the metric
and phase-space trajectories are presented which are found to be periodic in
time. Since the Hamiltonian is only quadratic the classical dynamics exactly
describes the quantum dynamics of Gaussian wave packets. It is shown that the
classical metric and trajectories as well as the quantum wave functions can
diverge in finite time even though the -symmetry is unbroken, i.e., the
eigenvalues are purely real.Comment: extended version, accepted for publication in J. Phys.
Editorial: Schwerpunktthema "Metadata – Metadaten"
Editorial of the special issue on metadata of the Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekar
Delocalisation transition in chains with correlated disorder
We show that in the one-dimensional (1D) Anderson model long-range
correlations within the sequence of on-site potentials may lead to a region of
extended states in the vicinity of the band centre, i.e., to a
correlation-induced insulator-metal transition. Thus, although still
disordered, the 1D system can behave as a conductor.Comment: 2 pages, 3 figures, submitted to SCES'0
Untergräbt die Stärke der USA die Fundamente der Weltwirtschaft?
Präsident Reagan hat nach landläufiger Meinung erfolgreich die Vitalität der US-Wirtschaftund die Führungsrolle der USA in der Weltwirtschaft wiederhergestellt. Neidisch blickt man von Europa auf die hohen Wachstumsraten der US-Volkswirtschaft, auf die Millionen neuer Arbeitsplätze, auf die massenhaften Investitionen in spitzentechnologischen Bereichen, auf die Flexibilität des Arbeitsmarkts und auf den grenzenlos scheinenden Innovationsdrang USamerikanischer Unternehmen. Eine Revolution scheint sich vor unseren Augen abzuspielen. Der einzige zugegebene Makel: Die USA haben eine beispiellose interne Staatsverschuldung erreicht und sind auf eine massive Kapitaleinfuhr angewiesen (vgl. Schmidt 1985)
Numerische und experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von Fluktuationen bei der HCCI-Verbrennung
Zur Modellierung der kontrollierten Selbstzündung in Motoren wird in dieser Arbeit ein Mehrzonenmodell entwickelt. Die chemische Kinetik wird über einen detaillierten Reaktionsmechanismus für einen Benzin Ersatzkraftstoff beschrieben. Das Mehrzonenmodell und der Reaktionsmechanismus werden anhand von experimentellen Ergebnissen validiert. Der experimentelle Teil der Arbeit befasst sich mit der Bestimmung von Fluktuationen in einem optisch zugänglichen Forschungsmotor unter Verwendung von LIF
Optical response of electrons in a random potential
Using our recently developed Chebyshev expansion technique for
finite-temperature dynamical correlation functions we numerically study the AC
conductivity of the Anderson model on large cubic clusters of
up to sites. Extending previous results we focus on the role of the
boundary conditions and check the consistency of the DC limit, ,
by comparing with direct conductance calculations based on a Greens function
approach in a Landauer B\"uttiker type setup.Comment: 2 pages, 3 figs, submitted to SCES'0
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