Currículos de Matemática dos anos iniciais de cinco regiões brasileiras organizados a partir da Base Nacional Comum Curricular

O presente artigo tem como proposta apresentar os estudos de pesquisadores do GT01 da Sociedade Brasileira de Educação Matemática—SBEM, que desenvolvem investigações sobre ensino e aprendizagem de Matemática nos anos iniciais sobre uma pesquisa que trata de currículos prescritos produzidos por cinco secretarias municipais de Educação-Dourados, Maceió, Manaus, São Paulo e Pelotas, tendo como referência a BNCC, destacando similaridades e diferenças entre esses documentos. Utilizamos a abordagem qualitativa com análise documental. Destacamos alguns resultados e reflexões: (i) uma consulta à comunidade educacional foi realizada; (ii) considerou-se o trabalho que estava sendo desenvolvido em anos anteriores; (iii) percebeu-se a ausência de referenciais relacionados ao ensino de Matemática em grande parte dos documentos; (iv) predominou a Resolução de Problemas; (v) não houve menção à etapa de escolaridade anterior ou posterior e (vi) é necessário, por parte dos professores, saber sobre os princípios que orientaram a construção dos documentos

Feeding effects of cottonseed and its co-products on the meat proteome from ram lambs

Gossypol easily pairs with lysine side chains and enzymes involved in the cellular growth process. The effect of gossypol (a compound present in cotton co-products) in ruminant metabolism and meat quality is not yet clear. This study was undertaken in order to evaluate the effects of cotton co-products in lamb muscle proteome. Twenty-four Santa Inês ram lambs, 5-months old (20.6 ± 1.9 kg), were randomly assigned to four treatments: control (without cottonseed), whole cottonseed, cottonseed meal and high oil cottonseed meal. At 95 days into the experiment, lambs were slaughtered and samples from Longissimus dorsi were collected. Proteins were extracted and analyzed by 2-D electrophoresis. Spots showing a significant effect from the treatment (the “treatment effect”) and present in more than 90 % of the samples were identified using mass spectrometry. Cotton co-products decreased the abundance of aldehyde and malate dehydrogenases, creatine kinase M-type and Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. They also increased four proteins related to muscle contraction. Thus, feeding cotton co-products to lambs changed the abundance of important muscle proteins. A cotton co-product diet induced a negative impact on the energy supply of muscle cells and, consequently, the abundance of ATP dependent proteins (contractile apparatus) increased, probably in order to offset and maintain muscle function. These proteomic changes can promote our understanding of alterations in the sensorial properties of meat due to cotton co-product diets in further investigations

PLANTAS USADAS COMO CALMANTE NATURAL EM UNIDADES BÁSICAS DE SAÚDE DE TOLEDO/PR

A ansiedade é um dos sintomas mais comuns gerados pelo estilo de vida moderno e os ansiolíticos, ou calmantes, são medicamentos usados para tratá-la. Estudos científicos apontam a capacidade de algumas plantas atuarem no sistema nervoso central com ação preventiva e/ou terapêutica de transtornos psicossociais. Logo, percebe-se um aumento na procura de práticas complementares, como a fitoterapia, para amenizar os sintomas da ansiedade. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve o objetivo de verificar a utilização de plantas com fins calmantes, por usuários das Unidades Básicas de Saúde que trabalham com Estratégia Saúde da Família (UBS-ESF) em Toledo/PR. Foi aplicado um roteiro semiestruturado contendo perguntas sobre a utilização de plantas com finalidade terapêutica. Os dados foram compilados e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Dos 324 entrevistados, 140 (47,46%) relataram o uso de plantas como calmantes. Treze espécies de plantas utilizadas com finalidade calmante foram citadas 209 vezes pelos usuários. Entre elas, duas corresponderam a 67% de todas as citações – Camomila (Matricaria chamomilla) e Capim cidreira (Cymbopogon citratus). Verificou-se que o uso das plantas se deu, predominantemente, por adultos jovens com idade inferior a 40 anos, sendo consumidas na forma de chá em fervura ou infusão. Destaca-se, ainda, que a maioria das plantas citadas está inclusa na Denominação Comum Brasileira da Anvisa e possuem estudos científicos comprobatórios dos efeitos calmantes, embasando a utilização segura destas plantas, o que reduz o risco de danos à saúde dos usuários

Processo para aumentar a eficiência da eletrocoalescência de emulsões água e óleo

DepositadaÉ descrito um processo para aumentar a eficiência da eletrocoalescência de emulsões água/óleo (A/O) formadas em instalações de tratamento de petróleo nas etapas de dessalgação e desidratação, dito processo compreendendo formar uma composição incluindo entre 0,001 % e 50% em peso de triglicerídeos vegetais, animais ou sintéticos, petróleo e água entre 2% e 40% de água, preferencialmente entre 5% e 25% de água em peso, e submeter tal composição a um campo eletrostático sob corrente alternada ou contínua ou ambas, alternada e contínua, no interior de um vaso, e recuperando ao término do processo duas fases líquidas, sendo uma aquosa e outra oleosa, separando a fase oleosa com rendimento maior do que em processos de eletrocoalescência que não empregam a composição contendo triglicerídeos vegetais, animais ou sintéticos, petróleo e água. Também é descrita a composição utilizada no dito processo

Previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19

Background: BCG vaccination, originally used to prevent tuberculosis, is known to “train” the immune system to improve defence against viral respiratory infections. We investigated whether a previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19./ Methods: A case-control study comparing the proportion with a BCG vaccine scar (indicating previous vaccination) in cases and controls presenting with COVID-19 to health units in Brazil. Cases were subjects with severe COVID-19 (O2 saturation < 90%, severe respiratory effort, severe pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock). Controls had COVID-19 not meeting the definition of “severe” above. Unconditional regression was used to estimate vaccine protection against clinical progression to severe disease, with strict control for age, comorbidity, sex, educational level, race/colour, and municipality. Internal matching and conditional regression were used for sensitivity analysis./ Results: BCG was associated with high protection against COVID-19 clinical progression, over 87% (95% CI 74–93%) in subjects aged 60 or less and 35% (95% CI − 44–71%) in older subjects./ Conclusions: This protection may be relevant for public health in settings where COVID-19 vaccine coverage is still low and may have implications for research to identify vaccine candidates for COVID-19 that are broadly protective against mortality from future variants. Further research into the immunomodulatory effects of BCG may inform COVID-19 therapeutic research.

Previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19

BACKGROUND: BCG vaccination, originally used to prevent tuberculosis, is known to "train" the immune system to improve defence against viral respiratory infections. We investigated whether a previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19 METHODS: A case-control study comparing the proportion with a BCG vaccine scar (indicating previous vaccination) in cases and controls presenting with COVID-19 to health units in Brazil. Cases were subjects with severe COVID-19 (O2 saturation < 90%, severe respiratory effort, severe pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock). Controls had COVID-19 not meeting the definition of "severe" above. Unconditional regression was used to estimate vaccine protection against clinical progression to severe disease, with strict control for age, comorbidity, sex, educational level, race/colour, and municipality. Internal matching and conditional regression were used for sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: BCG was associated with high protection against COVID-19 clinical progression, over 87% (95% CI 74-93%) in subjects aged 60 or less and 35% (95% CI - 44-71%) in older subjects. CONCLUSIONS: This protection may be relevant for public health in settings where COVID-19 vaccine coverage is still low and may have implications for research to identify vaccine candidates for COVID-19 that are broadly protective against mortality from future variants. Further research into the immunomodulatory effects of BCG may inform COVID-19 therapeutic research

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pesca do apaiari, Astronotus ocellatus (Agassiz, 1831), e perfil socioeconômico dos pescadores artesanais de uma região da Amazônia brasileira

The artisanal fishery is an important economic and subsistence activity among traditional populations in the Amazon Region. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the fishery of apaiari, Astronotus ocellatus (Agassiz, 1831), and to present a socioeconomic profile of artisanal fishermen in the region lakes of Pracuúba, Amapá, Brazil. From May to August 2011 interviews were conducted using standardized forms with fishermen selected by "snowball" method and aged above 18 years old. A total of 68 fishing workers were interviewed, of which 55 were men and 13 women. It was possible to observe that fishing workers have a wide knowledge of fishery in the Region, including apaiari fishery, and that social and economic lives of the Pracuúba population depend totally of the artisanal fishery

Updated cardiovascular prevention guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology: 2019

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