44 research outputs found
Ultrasonic plastic deformation of steels
In the work we demonstrate the possibility of forming thin surface and near-surface layers with submicrocrystalline structure under ultrasonic plastic deformation of machined steels. Formation of fine gradient textures up to nanocrystalline allows significant changing physical and mechanical properties of machined steels. Ensures improvement of microstructure, produces internal compressive strains which improves the cyclic strength of machine parts
Economic and Technological Role of Kuzbass Industry in the Implementation of National Energy Strategy of Russian Federation
This article describes the problems and prospects of development of coal mining in Kuzbass - the center of coal production in Siberia and Russia, in the framework of the major initiatives of the National Energy Strategy for the period until 2035. The structural character of the regional coal industry problems, caused by decline in investment activity, high level of fixed assets depreciation, slow development of deep coal processing and technological reduction of coal mining is shown
Innovative Technics of Managing Engineers' Global Competencies
Higher education modernization in the CIS countries takes place under the conditions of dynamic changes in economy and society. These changes are determined by the social and economic development of the country and the world globalization processes - cross-border intercultural communication, knowledge transparency, and the establishment of information society. Educational globalization is a continuous process of creating a unified global educational system, in which the distinctions between its member educational systems are being blended
A pilot study of cell-mediated gene therapy for spinal cord injury in mini pigs
© 2017 Elsevier B.V.Currently, in clinical practice there is no efficient way to overcome the sequences of neurodegeneration after spinal cord traumatic injury. Using a new experimental model of spinal cord contusion injury on miniature pigs, we proposed to deliver therapeutic genes encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) to the damaged area, using umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCBC). In this study, genetically engineered UCBC (2 × 106 cells in 200 ml of saline) were injected intrathecally to mini-pigs 10 days after SCI. Control and experimental mini pigs were observed for 60 days after surgery. Histological, electrophysiological, and clinical evaluation demonstrated significant improvement in animal treated with genetically engineered UCBCs. Difference in recovery of the somatosensory evoked potentials and in histological findings in control and treated animals support the positive effect of the gene-cell constriction for recovery after spinal cord injury. Results of this study suggest that transplantation of UCBCs simultaneously transduced with three recombinant adenoviruses Ad5-VEGF, Ad5-GDNF and Ad5-NCAM represent a novel potentially successful approach for treatment of spinal cord injury
Broadband X-ray spectrum of XTE J1550-564 during 2003 outburst
Results of broadband INTEGRAL and RXTE observations of the Galactic
microquasar XTE J1550-564 during outburst in spring 2003 are presented. During
the outburst the source was found in a canonical low/hard spectral state.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy Letter
Chandra localisation and optical/NIR follow-up of Galactic X-ray sources
We investigate a sample of eleven Galactic X-ray sources recently discovered
with INTEGRAL or RXTE with the goal of identifying their optical and/or
near-infrared (NIR) counterpart. For this purpose new Chandra positions of nine
objects are presented together with follow-up observations of all the targets
in the optical and NIR. For the four sources IGR J16194-2810, IGRJ 16479-4514,
IGR J16500-3307 and IGR J19308+530, the Chandra position confirms an existing
association with an optical/NIR object, while for two sources (XTE J1716-389
and 18490-0000) it rules out previously proposed counterparts indicating new
ones. In the case of IGR J17597-220, a counterpart is selected out of the
several possibilities proposed in the literature and we present the first
association with an optical/NIR source for J16293-4603 and XTE J1743-363.
Moreover, optical/NIR observations are reported for XTE J1710-281 and IGR
J17254-3257: we investigate the counterpart to the X-ray sources based on their
XMM-Newton positions. We discuss the nature of each system considering its
optical/NIR and X-ray properties.Comment: 15 pages,14 figures. Accepted for publication on MNRA
XTE J1739-302 as a Supergiant Fast X-ray Transient
XTE J1739-302 is a transient X-ray source with unusually short outbursts,
lasting on the order of hours. Here we give a summary of X-ray observations we
have made of this object in outburst with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer
(RXTE) and at a low level of activity with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, as
well as observations made by other groups. Visible and infrared spectroscopy of
the mass donor of XTE J1739-302 are presented in a companion paper. The X-ray
spectrum is hard both at low levels and in outburst, but somewhat variable, and
there is strong variability in the absorption column from one outburst to
another. Although no pulsation has been observed, the outburst data from
multiple observatories show a characteristic timescale for variability on the
order of 1500-2000 s. The Chandra localization (right ascension 17h 39m 11.58s,
declination -30o 20' 37.6'', J2000) shows that despite being located less than
2 degrees from the Galactic Center and highly absorbed, XTE J1739-302 is
actually a foreground object with a bright optical counterpart. The combination
of a very short outburst timescale and a supergiant companion is shared with
several other recently-discovered systems, forming a class we designate as
Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients (SFXTs). Three persistently bright X-ray
binaries with similar supergiant companions have also produced extremely short,
bright outbursts: Cyg X-1, Vela X-1, and 1E 1145.1-6141.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, in press in The Astrophysical Journal;
see also the companion paper by Negueruela et a
Chemical characterization of extra layers at the interfaces in MOCVD InGaP/GaAs junctions by electron beam methods
Electron beam methods, such as cathodoluminescence (CL) that is based on an electron-probe microanalyser, and (200) dark field and high angle annular dark field (HAADF) in a scanning transmission electron microscope, are used to study the deterioration of interfaces in InGaP/GaAs system with the GaAs QW on top of InGaP. A CL emission peak different from that of the QW was detected. By using HAADF, it is found that the GaAs QW does not exist any longer, being replaced by extra interlayer(s) that are different from GaAs and InGaP because of atomic rearrangements at the interface. The nature and composition of the interlayer(s) are determined by HAADF. Such changes of the nominal GaAs QW can account for the emission observed by CL
History of spinal neurosurgery and spine societies
Historically, spine and spinal cord surgery have been an integral part of neurosurgery. It was always a part of the neurosurgery education and practically a significant part of neurosurgeons’ daily work. However, spine societies have mostly been pioneered by orthopedic spine surgeons. It’s only in the last 4 decades that neurosurgeons are also forming spine societies.
The term “Neurospine” becomes more popular and used by many authors, institutions during the last decades, although it is not widely used in North America. There are specific reasons for its popularity: (1) It is like a combination of neurosurgery and spine surgery. Neurosurgeons widely prefer to use it. (2) It has a sense inside to remind patients that the spine is with neurological structures.
“Neurospine Surgery” is also used in the sense of a combination of “neuroscience” and “spine”. There are at least 2 journals with this theme, i.e., “Neurospine” and “Journal of Neurosurgery Spine.” [1]
In this paper, a brief history of spine surgery and spine-related societies is discussed. We aimed to create a global summary of neuro spine with spinal neurosurgeons’ perspectives from other parts of the world and comment on the world's current condition